Ship reporting systems are used to exchange information between ship and shore. To realize the digital ship reporting concept, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) recently developed revised guidelines and descriptions of Maritime Service for ship reporting systems in the context of e-navigation. To improve the existing ship reporting system, each Administration should follow the IMO guidelines for ship reporting system. The purpose of this paper is to identify follow-up measures to be taken by the Korean Government as a member State according to the recently developed IMO guidelines in the context of e-navigation, and to present the considerations for the implementation of follow-up measures in Korea. In this study, a ship reporting system in Korea was investigated to identify the considerations for the digital ship reporting system. Consequently, a digital reporting system and digital traffic clearance were proposed and considerations for ship reporting system are presented. This paper is expected to be helpful for the safe operation of ships by presenting the considerations necessary for the implementation of an automated and standardized ship reporting system.

It is clearly understood that e-navigation is beneficial to prevent collision and grounding of ships. The purpose of this study is to define and present a future ship operation system under the e-navigation environment in order to provide clear direction for the design of Korean e-navigation system. The future ship operation system consists of shipboard navigational system, shore supporting system and maritime communication system. To achieve the objectives of this study, the ship operation system was discussed separately into SOLAS ships and non-SOLAS ships in this study. In SOLAS ships, mariners become a system manager, choosing system presets, interpreting system output, and monitoring vessel response. In small ships and fishing vessels, mariners may enjoy their navigation by using the automatic tracking of ship’s position on the portable electronic chart display. The improved bridge design, integrated and harmonized navigational system and single window reporting will reduce significantly the administrative and physical workload of mariners. Mariners can concentrate their attention more on navigational duty under the e-navigation environment. To build an effective Korean e-navigation system, the essential navigational functions and e-navigation services for small ships and fishing vessels must be identified and developed taking into account user needs.

본 논문에서는 컬러정보와 깊이정보를 사용하여 얼굴을 검출하고 추적한 후 항해사의 졸음을 탐지하는 방법을 제안한다. 이 방법은 얼굴검출 과정과 얼굴추적 과정으로 구성된다. 얼굴검출 과정에서는 기존의 방법 중 가장 좋은 성능을 보이는 Adaboost 알고리즘을 사용하며, Adaboost로 입력되는 영상의 영역을 사람이 존재하는 영역으로만 제한하여 얼굴을 검출한다. 얼굴검출 과정에서 얼굴이 검출되면 그것을 템플릿으로 하여 얼굴추적 과정이 수행된다. 제안한 방법의 성능을 평가하기 위하여 실험영상을 이용하여 실험을 수행하였다. 실험결과 제안한 졸음탐지 방법은 기존의 방법에 비해 약 23 %의 수행시간을 보였으며, 또한 졸음탐지 방법은 추적시간과 추적 정확도에 있어서 상보적인 관계를 가지며, 특별한 경우를 제외한 모든 경우에서 약 1 %의 낮은 추적오차율을 보였다.

Maritime autonomous surface ships (MASS) has been developed over the years. But, there are many unresolved problems. To overcome these problems, this study proposes connected ship navigation system. The system comprises a slave ship and a master ship that leads the slave ship. To implement this system, communication network, route planning algorithms, and controllers are designed. The communication network is built using the transmission control protocol/Internet protocol (TCP/ IP) socket communication method to exchange data between ships. The route planning algorithms calculate the course and distance of the slave ship using the middle latitude sailing method. Nomoto model is used as the mathematical model of the slave ship maneuvering motion. Then, the autoregressive with exogenous variables (ARX) model is used to estimate the parameters of Nomoto model. Based on the above model, the automatic steering controller is designed using a proportional-derivative (PD) control. Also, the speed controller is designed for the slave ship to maintain constant distance from the master ship. Sea experiments are conducted to verify the proposed system with two remodeled boats.

현재 육상에서의 GPS는 자동차 항법체계(Car Navigation System)와 개인휴대용 단말기를 이용한 위치정보체계 등이 활발히 활용되고 계속 연구되고 있는 추세에 있지만 해양에서는 그렇지 못한 실정으로 원래 GPS는 선박의 항해용 목적으로 개발된 것이지만, 해상에서 선박의 운항에 정확도는 크게 어려움을 주지 않는다는 이유로 선박의 항로확인을 위한 근사적인 위치의 표현만을 수행해왔다. 최근 항만이 복잡해지고 선박의 증가로 해양에서도 선박의 정밀한 유도가 필요하게 되었다. 본 연구에서는 GPS에서 사용하고 있는 타원체인 WGS84 타원체의 자리좌표를 우리나라에서 사용하고 있는 타원체인 BESSEL 타원체의 지리좌표로 변환하는 요소인 3-parameter에 의한 타원체변환알고리즘 및 육도와 해도에서 사용하고 있는 평면 직교좌표계인 TM투영과 UTM투영의 알고리즘제작 하였다. 또한, 현재 항법용 GPS 센서가 가지고 있는 정확도를 검증하기 위해 GPS의 정적측량, 동적측량에 의한 오차량을 비교검토하였으며, 선박의 항로추적을 위해서 선박에서 수신된 위치 정보의 편차량을 분석하였다. 이렇게 검토된 자료를 기본으로 하여 실시간 선박항로를 추적할 수 있는 저가의 항로추적시스템 개발을 본 연구의 최종목표로 연구를 수행하였다.

On this paper, the traditional methods for the measurement of ship's maneuverabilities during the sea-trial of newly built ship are summarized and new methods for the same measurement using Integrated Navigation System and GPS are introduced. After various sea-trials of training ship "HANNARA" which are equipped with modern INS and GPS system, the results are compared and analysed. The purpose of this paper is to present more accurate methods of measurement of ship's maneuverabilities during sea-trial using INS and GPS which are gradually becoming the basic navigational equipments on many newly constructed vessels.d vessels.