Recently, there has been an increase in wellbeing marketing, which focuses on increasing consumer life satisfaction or consumers’ sense of subjective wellbeing. Numerous studies have been conducted to identify which aspects contribute to consumer life satisfaction. In order to provide additional insights into consumer life satisfaction, this study aimed to identify the relationships among social psychological variables (consciousness of social face, social interaction anxiety, and career anxiety), shopping confidence, and life satisfaction. Shopping confidence in this study relates to confidence for clothing/ accessories. It was hypothesized that social psychological variables influence life satisfaction not only directly but also indirectly through shopping confidence. Data were gathered by surveying university students in Seoul, using convenience sampling. Two hundred eighty six questionnaires were used in the statistical analysis. Factor analysis of consciousness of social face revealed two factors, ‘desire to gain face’ and ‘fear of losing face’. Factor analysis of social interaction anxiety, shopping confidence, and life satisfaction revealed that these variables were uni-dimensional. Test of the hypothesized path showed that all social psychological variables influenced life satisfaction indirectly through shopping confidence, whereas ‘fear of losing face’ of consciousness of social face and career anxiety influenced life satisfaction directly. The results give marketers some understanding of their consumers' life satisfaction in relation to consciousness of social face, social interaction anxiety, career anxiety, and shopping confidence.

Jeon Ji-eun. 2014. A Study on Key Words Analysis according to Social Variables of Gender and Age using Sejong Korean Spoken corpus. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 22(1). This study shows how a key words and key clusters analysis offers an empirical data of the significant characteristics in social variables of gender and age based on Sejong spoken corpus. “Key words” is a term for statistically significant lexical items which are most frequent in a given corpus compared with other corpus as a reference (Scott 1999). We also extend the keyness concept to word combinations, clusters which are found repeatedly together in each others' company, in sequence. We use the KeyWords facility in WordSmith tools (Scott 2012) which has been used in several studies as means for describing the characteristics of social variables. We extract (1) the male and female key words/key clusters in public and private speech, (2) the 20s and over 30s key words/key clusters in public and private speech. Therefore, we found that these empirical investigations verify the lexical saliency of utterance by gender and age. The gender key words show more prominent features than age key words. Moreover, The key words analysis is more efficient than key clusters analysis in sociolinguistic studies. This study is illustrative of the potentiality of the corpus-based research on social differentiation in the use of language.

In these OECD countries, left-wingers Government focus on unemployment, but right-wingers Government cares more about inflation. It is that inflation and unemployment don't have differential effects across rich and poor and the happiness levels of these two groups are unaffected by identity of the Government in power. The poor people choose to left-wingers Government, but rich people prefer to right-wingers Government. I estimate whether above opinion is correct or not. Especially I check how my results change when I control for aggregate economy activity and government consumption, two variables that could be correlated with inflation and unemployment and affect each Government's happiness differentially. This paper, and I believe much of the happiness literature, can be understood as an application of experienced utility, a conception that emphasis the pleasures derived from private consumption and sentiment of it. In Granger Causality test, private consumption sentiment index related with industrial production interactively in Korea. The business cycles affect on private consumption sentiment index.

기존의 연구논문들에서는 1975년부터 1992년 사이의 OECD 국가들에서 집권정부별 국민들이 느끼는 행복감을 알아보기 위한 분석들이 주로 이루어졌다. 이러한 행복감을 알아보는 데에는 특히 인플레이션율과 실업률이 주요 변수로 활용되고 있다. 각국별로 살펴볼 때, 진보정부의 경우에 있어서는 실업률에 더 주안점을 두는 반면에 보수정부 는 인플레이션율에 더 민감하게 대처함을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 점들을 살펴보면, OECD 국가들에서 빈곤층은 진보정부를 선호하고 상대적으로 소득수준에서 상위계층 은 보수정부를 선호할 것으로 추정된다. 이 논문에서는 한국의 경우 시계열 관계상 진 보정부와 보수정부로 나누지 않고 행복감에 대하여 소비자심리지수를 대용변수로 사 용하였을 경우 경기회복에 따른 산업생산 증가와 이를 위한 정부지출이 중요한 변수 임을 알 수 있었다.

이 글은 2003~2018년까지 16년간 중국이 아세안(동남아국가연합)에 직접 투자한 패널 데이터를 수집해 분석한 것으로, IMF의 대표적 금융기관 발전 수준을 보여주는 FI (Financial Institution Index)와 금융시장 발전 수준을 보여주는 FM (Financial Markets Index)을 채택해 ASEAN의 금융 발전 수준을 가늠 하는 변수로 삼았다. 각국의 정치적 수준을 대변하는 WGI(Worldwide Governance Indicators)와 각국의 인간개발지수를 나타내는 HDI (Human Development Index)를 채택해 아세안 사회 환경을 가늠 하는 변수로 삼았다. 이를 조절변수로 삼아 아세안에 대한 중국의 직접투자를 각각 상호작용을 하여 중국의 직접투자가 아세안의 경제에 미치는 영향을 관측하였다. 그 결과 중국의 동남아국가연합(ASEAN)에 대한 직접투자가 유치국 경제 성장에 긍정적인 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 동시에 아세안의 사회 환경과 금융 발전은 중국의 직접 투자에 대해 부정적인 조정 작용을 가져온다.

The study was conducted to understand the relationship among university students’ interest in horticulture, psychological well-being and social development and the influence of measured variables. In order to collect data, the surveys were executed by convenience sampling on university students attending four-year universities in Daegu and Gyeongbuk regions of South Korea during the period from July 3 to July 17, 2016. A total of 307 survey results which measured the university students’ interest in horticulture, psychological well-being and social development were analyzed. The results showed that there are differences in the interest in horticulture, psychological well-being, and social development depending on the students’ general characteristics. According to the results analyzed by t-test and one-way ANOVA, the interest in horticulture depending on gender, religion, academic marks, family life satisfaction and school life satisfaction had significant differences showing high interest for the students with religion, good academic marks, high family life satisfaction and school life satisfaction as well as female students. Psychological well-being showed significant differences in academic marks, family life satisfaction and school life satisfaction, while social development displayed significant differences in gender, grade, academic marks, family life satisfaction and school life satisfaction. According to the results analyzed by correlation analysis, there was a significant correlation among university students’ interest in horticulture, psychological well-being and sociality development. Furthermore, regression analysis verified that university students’ interest in horticulture has a positive influence on psychological well-being and social development. The results of this study implies that university students with a higher interest in horticulture have higher levels of psychological well-being and social development.

Purpose: The current study explored physical activity and its influencing factors in a random sample of community adults, and tested causal relationship among psychological, social, and physical environmental variables to explain physical activity. Methods: A total of 812 adults over 30 years old who reside in Gangbuk-gu, Nowon-gu, and Seongbuk-gu, Seoul were voluntarily participated in the study. Standardized scales were used to measure physical activity and its related social ecological variables. Results: The findings indicated that physical activity was significantly correlated with all of the social ecological variables. All of psychological, social environmental, and physical environmental variables had a significant direct path to explain physical activity. In addition, self-efficacy and perceived benefits significantly mediated the relationship between family support and physical activity, and while the relationship between availability of facilities and physical activity was substantially mediated by perceived barriers. Conclusion: This study provides useful information in developing and implementing intervention strategies that promote greater engagement in physical activity among middle aged adults.

본 연구는 성인을 대상으로 사회생태적 변인들이 다양한 강도(고강도, 중강도, 저강도)의 신체활동에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 확인하는데 목적이 있다. 성인 352명(남성: 182명, 52%; 여성: 169명, 48%; 평균연령=39.85세)이 참여하였으며, 자기효능감 질문지, 의사결정균형 질문지, 사회적 환경 질문지, 물리적 환경 질문지, 신체활동 질문지가 사용되었다. 본 연구에서 물리적 환경은 중강도를 제외한 고강도, 저강도 신체활동과 의사결정균형에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 물리적 환경은 운동이득-자기 효능감-저강도 신체활동의 경로계수에서 가장 높은 간접효과를 보였으며, 사회적 환경은 자기효능감을 통해 고강도 신체활동에 높은 간접효과를 나타냈다. 특히 자기효능감은 고강도 신체활동에 높은 직접효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 얻어진 연구결과를 통해 개인적, 사회적, 물리적 환경 변인이 신체활동에 영향을 주는 유의한 개입 변수임을 확인하였다. 특히, 본 연구에서 신체활동을 설명하는데 있어 사회생태모형의 하위변인들이 서로 유의한 관련성을 가지고 있다는 것이 확인됨에 따라, 신체활동의 증진 및 유지를 위한 운동프로그램은 개인의 심리적 속성뿐만 아니라, 개인이 가지고 있는 사회적 자원 및 물리적 환경 요인에 등도 충분히 고려되어야 한다.

본 연구는 개인의 신체활동은 다양한 변인들이 관련되어 있는 복잡한 건강행동이라는 것을 전제로 노인들을 대상으로 사회생태학적 모형의 구성요인인 개인적 변인, 사회적 환경 변인, 물리적 환경 변인이 신체활동에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 확인하는데 그 목적이 있다. 서울시 S구에 거주하는 65세이상 노인 290명(남자 노인=87, 여자노인=203, 평균연령 M= 68.56세, SD=6.79) 이 본 연구에 참여하였다. 신체활동단계질문지, 자기효능감질문지, 의사결정질문지, 사회적지지질문지, 물리적환경질문지가 노인들의 신체활동과 그와 관련된 변인들을 측정하기 위하여 사용되었다. 결과에 따르면, 본 연구에 참여한 노인들 대부분 (70.7%, 200명)이 규칙적으로 신체활동에 참여하는 것으로 나타났으며, 이러한 신체활동단계의 분포는 성, 교육수준, 동거형태 등의 개인적 변인에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 노인들의 신체활동과 관련된 자기효능감, 운동이득지각, 가족의 지지, 물리환경 등은 신체활동단계에 따라 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 전반적으로 사회생태학적 변인들은 신체활동단계를 설명하는데 28%의 설명력을 보였으며, 자기효능감이 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 변인으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 얻어진 결과는 신체활동 참여를 증가시키기 위해 개인의 심리특성 수정을 기본으로 한 지지적 환경구축 전략을 마련하는데 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

This study was conducted to find and explain characteristics of diverse social groups' attitudes toward nuclear power plant. 7 hypotheses were constructed and statistically tested. In order to test 7 hypotheses, both Nuclear Energy Attitude Scale and Environmental Attitude Scale were distributed and field surveyed on 839 respondents representing a diverse range of subject groups. The results showed that 6 hypotheses were statistically accepted while 1 hypothesis statistically rejected. Contrary to the first hypothesis, this test found that people in close proximity to the nuclear power plant had more positive attitudes toward nuclear power than those living in distance from the nuclear power plant. Males had more positive nuclear energy attitudes than females. Academic backgrounds were not related to nuclear energy attitudes. Environmental attitudes showed negative relationship with nuclear energy attitudes. While anti-nuclear citizen action groups had the most negative attitudes, nuclear power plant workers had the most positive attitudes among responding groups. Finally, university students majoring in nuclear engineering had more positive attitudes than those of religious studies.