Kang Hui-suk. 2014. The Intervention of Linguistic Policy in Sound Changes and Novel Language: Focusing on a Sound Change from ‘o to u’ in Words used in the Seoul area. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 22(1). This study looked at the change from o to u appearing in the modern Korean language period and its developmental process in words used in the Seoul area, and how the change has been evaluated in the process of establishing normative linguistic policies such as the <Revised Collection of Standard Korean Language> and the <Standard Language Rules>.
As a result of this speculation, the following was discovered: the common change from o to u in sub-dialects of the Korean language has been accepted in the process of revising the standard language to have the status of the standard language. However, the expansion of o to u which has been evaluated to have the typical character of the mid-land dialect including words used in Seoul has been evaluated negatively.
As a result, it was discovered that the innovative forms of the change from o to u have the status of non-standard language. Also, this study speculated on the influence negative recognition has on the expansion of the change and the exclusive attitude the evaluation of the standard language has had on novel language by writers who came from Seoul. With the winning novels of the Lee sang Literary Award as the subjects of the study, the expansion of o to u occurred only in grammatical morphemes in the location of non-beginning words in novels published from the 1970s to the 1980s. Recently, such expansion has hardly been seen.
By using the methodological framework of conversation analysis, this study combines a grounded study of interactional linguistics focusing on L2 speakers' interactional competence in the use of Korean sentence-ending suffix -ketun. Based on the previous studies which examined the use of -ketun in L1 Korean speakers’ conversation, this study analyzes data taken from different levels of Korean language classroom interactions, with close attention to the learner's usage of the target suffix in formulating a dispreferred response. The findings of the study demonstrate that the L2 advanced students' use of -ketun is much closer to that for L1 speakers in constituting a dispreferred response while claiming epistemic primacy. On the other hand, extremely low frequency in the use of -ketun is a distinctive linguistic-pragmatic features that characterizes use of -ketun by L2 speakers at lower levels of competence. The advanced students' diversification may be an indicator of their more adaptive, context-sensitive conduct, suggesting an increased interactional competence. Close scrutiny of the use of -ketun in this study aids to reveal whether and to what extent its interactional use by L2 speakers of different proficiency levels approaches that of L1 speakers.
The aim of this study is to discuss the attributes of political discourse in political advertisements. The materials of the study are the advertisements used by candidates in the 16th and 17th Korean presidential elections. Presidential election advertising is the social practice of competing in political discourse on who is more proper for the presidency. The upper level of discourse in advertisement takes on the narrative of statements directed at the public, but argumentation about political assertions is included in it. The core of the argumentation asserts support for the candidate and backs such an assertion. A story that dramatizes the details related to the candidate or his/her policy has a big effect of gaining sympathy for the message, but on the other hand it can also lead to criticism that political issues are being dealt with only through images rather than language. Narrative, complexly constructed through spoken language, visual images, subtitles, sounds and other channels, accordingly contains various messages, but it has a strong impact ultimately by being condensed into one symbolic rhetoric, since the candidate's personality, political message, and the power to realize these-that is, all the factors the public considers in making a political choice-are included in it.
Park Hai-kyong & Jeon Ji-hyeon. 2014. Move analyses of English job application letters: A case of Korean college students. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 22(1). The purpose of this study is to examine the rhetorical structure of English job application letters written by Korean college students. College students were asked to write job application letters as an assignment for their Business English class. A move-analysis was conducted for the obtained college students' application letters. Then, the results were compared to the authentic application letters written by (1) Korean workers who obtained the interview and the job through their application letters and (2) native English-speakers who were in search of jobs in Korea. The results indicated that there were no consistent differences among the three group statistically. However, the authentic letters from the Korean and the English workers showed similar patterns in move sequence, frequency, and length, which was different from those written by the college students. The Korean college students seemed to use all the moves in their letters, whereas the other two groups seemed to focus more on promoting candidature(Move 5) for the communicative purpose of a job application letter. The present study suggests that an understanding of both the rhetorical patterns and the communicative purpose (i.e., to obtain an interview opportunity in the case of submitting a job application letter) should be emphasized in the genre writing process.
Son Hui-Youn 2014. The Meaning of Conversation as a Socio-cognitive Process of the Second Language Acquisition: Analyzing conversation type of microgenesis in the Sociocultural theory's point of view. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 22(1). This study aims to identify conversational phenomenon that shows socio-cognitive process of the second language acquisition. To this end, this study investigated major concepts in the ‘sociocultural theory’s point of view and descriptive methodology based on the ‘conversational analysis'. The analysis data of this study was transcribed by observing the conversations generated in the situation where four Korean language learners from Mongol performing story-making and, interview. Based on this analysis data, this study caught conversational scenes that show the second language development as ‘microgenesis’ phenomena and tried to find the theories of acquisition and conversation organization involved in these conversational scenes. As results of analysis, firstly, this study could see clinical conversation types of microgenetic development generated to complete story-making; secondly, this study could observe cooperative conversational phenomena of microgenetic development accompanied by conversational phenomena such as repair or metaenonciation during the course of interview.
Shin Ho-cheol, 2014. The basic research for making criterion proposal to public rehearsal of teaching Verbal & Behavior in Korean Subject. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 22(1). This study has a character of basic research to prepare for an appraisal standard plan of a verbal elements and an behavior elements at the time when prospective teachers accomplishes a public rehearsal of teaching in Korean Subject. The public rehearsal of teaching evaluation was evaluated by an evaluator's personal educational experience and subjective judgment until now. Therefore, it is necessary acutely the objective standard in a public rehearsal of teaching in Korean Subject.
I have extracted verbal elements and behavior elements in quantitative, objective evaluation standard plan of a public rehearsal of teaching in Korean Subject in this fundamental research.
I have photographed a class preview animation of 20 prospective teachers with this purpose and I have analyzed this and extracted a verbal elements and behavior elements. It passes by inspection work and unifiable classification work of an expert for a detailed evaluation element of these 55.
Yeon Ho-tak. 2014. Names and Taboos: a Naming Taboo and an Ancestor-Friendly Naming Practice. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 22(1). This paper is concerned with a comparative analysis of the naming taboo of Kihwee(忌諱) and the so-called name-friendly attitude of Chinhwee(親諱), the willing adoption of one's ancestor's name. The goals of this study are to investigate the origin, the evolution, the objects and methods of the naming taboo, and to compare it with the naming practice of Chinhwee which seems presumably opposed to it in terms of showing how each one of them is realized in the agricultural society based on Confucianism and in the nomadic culture sphere, respectively. A naming taboo is a socio-cultural taboo against speaking or writing the given names of exalted persons in Confucian countries including Korea and China. There are several kinds of naming taboo: the naming taboo of the state (國諱); the naming taboo of the clan (家諱); the naming taboo of the holinesses (聖人諱). People tend to figure out plausible reasons and methods not to violate a naming taboo. There existed at least three ways to avoid using a taboo character: changing the character to another one which usually is a synonym or sounds like the character being avoided; leaving the character as a blank; omitting a stroke in the character, especially the final stroke. The problem is that the custom of naming taboo had a contradiction in itself: without knowing what the emperors' names were one could hardly be expected to avoid them, so somehow the emperors' names had to be informally transmitted to the populace to allow them to learn them in order to avoid them. Since every reign of every dynasty had its own naming taboos, the study of naming taboos can help date an ancient text, and understand the culture concerned.
Lee Jee-won. 2014. The Interactional Use of Speaker Head Movements in Direct Reported Speech of Mandarin Chinese. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 22(1). This study examines the coordination of talk and head movement in the production of direct reported speech in Mandarin Chinese conversation. Analysis of several instances suggests that in direct reported speech, a speaker's head movement plays a crucial role in the interaction. Speakers employ their head movements to mark the boundaries of reported/original speakers. Speakers turn their heads toward recipients when they convey their stance toward the reported utterance while reproducing it. Recipients are thus able to parse a larger telling into parts that reenact the events and parts that communicate their affective stance. Through the way in which the speakers arrange their head with respect to the recipients, the participants create a public, visible locus for the organization of a collaborative storytelling process.
Im Sun-hee and Kim Sun-hoi. 2014. A study on the discourse marker functions of “ye/ne” in Korean through analyzing the Sejong Corpus. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 22(1). The expressions called discourse markers universally have three shared features, that is, connectivity, optionality, and non-truth-conditionality (Schourup 1999). Kim (1989), Lee (1993), and Kang (2009) have shown that the expressions “ye/ne” in Korean have the propositional meaning in some cases, but exhibit these features in other cases. Based on these previous studies, where the various functions of “ye/ne” were classified, this paper investigates, focusing on their discourse marker functions, the function-based frequencies of “ye/ne” occurring in the spoken component of the Sejong Corpus. From this investigation, the following results are derived: First, “ye/ne” is used much more frequently as a discourse marker than as a propositional meaning form, second, their most frequently used function is a back-chaneling one, and last but not least, “ye/ne” is also used within a speaker’s turn very frequently and “ye/ne” in these cases is not used for responding to another's utteran
Jeon Ji-eun. 2014. A Study on Key Words Analysis according to Social Variables of Gender and Age using Sejong Korean Spoken corpus. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 22(1). This study shows how a key words and key clusters analysis offers an empirical data of the significant characteristics in social variables of gender and age based on Sejong spoken corpus. “Key words” is a term for statistically significant lexical items which are most frequent in a given corpus compared with other corpus as a reference (Scott 1999). We also extend the keyness concept to word combinations, clusters which are found repeatedly together in each others' company, in sequence. We use the KeyWords facility in WordSmith tools (Scott 2012) which has been used in several studies as means for describing the characteristics of social variables. We extract (1) the male and female key words/key clusters in public and private speech, (2) the 20s and over 30s key words/key clusters in public and private speech. Therefore, we found that these empirical investigations verify the lexical saliency of utterance by gender and age. The gender key words show more prominent features than age key words. Moreover, The key words analysis is more efficient than key clusters analysis in sociolinguistic studies. This study is illustrative of the potentiality of the corpus-based research on social differentiation in the use of language.
Chae Choon-ok. 2014. A Contrastive Analysis of Euphemistic Language for Death in Korean and Chinese. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 22(1). A euphemism is a phenomenon of language universally existing in many national languages in the world, which can trace back to ‘taboo’ culture of the primitive age. A euphemism is to change an expression hearing bad or giving the negative nuance into an expression hearing good or to mitigate the negative nuance. In this study, I first examined the prototype theory as a cognitive factor of euphemistic language, and then carried out contrastive analysis of euphemisms and composition method replacing death among taboo themes in Chinese and Korean. These expressions can be utilized as an alternative to make educational effectiveness utmost by making those who learn Chinese or Korean thoroughly understand euphemisms of two languages.
Hong Mi-ju. 2014. A Study of phonological variation and Language Attitude of Word-initial tensification. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 22(1). The purpose of this study is to contemplate the correlation between phonological variation and language attitude. It focuses specifically on explaining the phonological variation of word-initial tensification and Language attitude of variant [fortis].
Data have been collected from 30 informants who live in Daegu through interviews and questionnaires. This variable is examined and analysed to see how the variants are realized depending on the factors of informants' age and gender.
The phonological variation based on the age and gender of word-initial tensification and language attitude of variant [fortis] are summarized as below:
Fortis realization rate in word-initial does not have any significant value for age and gender. However, fortis phenomenon in word-initial is quite prevalent. Language attitude of variant [fortis] for age and gender does not have any significant difference. The greater number of speakers have positive attitude of variant [fortis]. The greater number of informants express willingness to support realization of variant [fortis]
Several observation in few paragraphs have shown that if the speakers' s language attitude of a variant is positive, realization rate of a variant is more frequently. These result lead to the conclusion that there is correlation between phonological variation and language attitude of word-initial tensification.