Kang Mi-young and Lee Bolami. 2013. A Study on the Strategy of Approach for Language Policy from the Perspective of Interculturalism: Focus on the Projects of Korean Language Spread Policy Overseas. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 21(3). The purpose of this paper is to consider possible strategies for spreading the Korean Language overseas based on ‘Interculturalism’. Firstly, this paper tries to determine the meaning of Language policy based on ‘Interculturalism’ by discussing several philosophical theories on intercultural relationships: Cultural pluralism, Multiculturalism, Intercultural (Education) and Cultural relativism among others. From these theories, this paper elicits two basic premises into the strategy for realization of interculturalism: (1) interaction based on the equal rights and (2) recognition of the unique and inherent value of individual culture. These premises can be enforced by maximizing free choice volition of recipient of the culture (including Korean as a foreign language or second language). This paper expects a mature Korean language spread policy based on interculturalism - which prefers intercultural relationship to education efficiency - to King Sejong Institute and Nuri-King Sejong Institute which are well known as an offline and online institution respectively, for teaching and promoting Korean language and culture to people who want to learn Korean as a foreign language or second language. (172 words)
Terms Found in the Prayers of Protestantism and Buddhism. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 21(3). This study, on the basis of 200 prayers of Protestantism and Buddhism, examines address and reference terms for the objects of worship that are observed in each religion. The goals of this research were to investigate 1) what are the types of address and reference terms used in Protestant and Buddhist prayers, 2) whether the differences between the two religions in the address and reference terms derive from distinct philosophical or doctrinal background. Buddhist prayers were analyzed as using more various address terms for the objects of worship than Protestant prayers. Kinship address terms were used in a higher rate than in Protestant prayers, while the egalitarian type of address and reference terms were observed in Buddhist prayers alone. The latter difference is suggested by the researcher as originating from a disparity between the two religions in the relationship of worshipper and worshipped. In addition, style differences were observed between the two religions; in particular, vocative postpositions were significantly more frequently used in Buddhist prayers, giving exclamatory impressionistic effects to the prayers. Finally, whereas similar numbers of address and reference terms for the objects of worship were found in Buddhist prayers, more than thrice as many reference terms were observed as address terms in Protestant prayers, which reflects the Protestant worshippers' effort to interact continuously with the diety during the prayer. Some linguistic and sociolinguistic implications of the results are also discussed. (232 words)
Kong Na-hyung, Ju Hyang-a, Gim Joo-sung, Sohn Dong-wook and Son Hyun-jung. 2013. Study on the Korean language education policies for foreign migrant workers based on the accessibility to the educational facilities. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 21(3). This study focuses on the problem of Korean linguistics as social integration policy for foreign migrant workers. Particularly, we look into Korean Immigration & Integration Program(KIIP) to find out how foreign migrant workers can learn Korean language more effectively. In order to analyze the actual conditions of Korean language education for the foreign migrant workers, we adopt linguistic typological methods using Geographic Information System(GIS). Using GIS, we present the spread of the foreign migrant workers population and educational facilities enforcing the KIIP program. We also show some possibilities to improve the educational environment for foreign migrant workers such as the flexibility of class schedules, revision of textbooks and compensation of government. (112 words)
Kim Ji-suk. 2013. Study on the Semantic Divergence and Lexical Items of Ojingeo(Squid) in Fishing Village of Ulleungdo. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 21(3). This study is to inquire into the Ullenungdo's own linguistic uniqueness by way of the lexical items of Ojingeo whose old forms remain a lot for the fishermen who reside in Ullenungdo. And also, this study is to investigate the classification mechanism of Ojingeo-related lexicons, the degree of the lexical productivity, and then the ethnographic quality of the lexical items of Ojingeo.
Firstly, the superordinates referring to Ojingeo in Ullenungdo are ‘Ikka, Surume, Ojingeo, Pidungeokkolttugi, Jogi’. Just like this, the five names of the main categories are large in number in this area, which means that the ecological distribution of Ojingeo is large and the cultural, social importance of fishes in the relevant area is great. In view of the fishermen's knowledge and the lexical productivity, it is found out that ‘Ikka’ and ‘Ojingeo’ are the word referring to the whole of Ojingeo and ‘Surume, Pidungeokkolttugi, Jogi’ are the word referring to the individual of Ojingeo.
Secondly, the lexical items of Ojingeo were diversified into ‘Najojingeo, Dongsamojingeot, Taengchi, Jungchit, Tasaijji, Yoijjit, Tseonmangojingeot, Taljogi, Sutjogi’ by ‘size adult and young fishes, fishing period, fishing tool, color, male and female based on the subordinates ‘Ikka’ and ‘Ojingeo’. Fishermen group's own classification method, that is, private classification method is appeared productively in relation to the edible value, the work efficiency of fishermen, and the economic feasibility. It means that Ojingeo, the important ground of fishing activity, constructs the world of fishermen's experience, and is recognized, used as a genuine cultural mode.
Thirdly, the catching period and season of Ojingeo much influenced the amount of catches, which influenced the fishing operations such as ‘Dongsamjigi, Chodeungbari’ and ‘Haechigi, Natchigi, Dalchigi, Saetbyeolchigi’. It is also related with the ethnographic quality and leads to the creation and use of idiomatic expressions such as ‘To eat the red-bean gruel on the winter solstice means the sixty age(the last catch) of Ojingeo, The winter solstice is the sixty age of Ojingeo, Dojikgi, The first catch of Ojingeo can not be kept long.’ (332 words)
Park Eun-ha. 2013. Socio-linguistic study on women's cosmetics' brand names in television advertisements. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 21(3). This study aims to investigate the linguistic perspective and social aspect of women's cosmetics' names. This research focuses on the names of women's cosmetics in TV advertisements from January 2008 to May 2012. From a linguistic perspective, this study analyzes the compounding structure of women's cosmetics' names on the basis of four determinants company name, brand name, product name, and the type of cosmetics. It also classifies brand names of women's cosmetics as Korean, Sino-Korean, English, and foreign language. Results show that brand names and compound words with brand name & product name were used more frequently in 2008-2009, while multi-syllable names such as brand name/company name+product name+types of cosmetics were used more frequently in 2010-2012. Moreover, there is a strong preference for English and foreign language (French) names in women's cosmetics. Four aspects can be found in the social aspect of women's cosmetics' names. In order of frequency of occurrence, “use of medicinal herbs or food”, ranks the highest, followed by “combination of science and medicine” and “emphasis on a nature-friendly environment” as the second and third most frequent in social aspect. Finally, “identification of object of envy” reflects that Korean women wish to be promoted to a higher status and to be seen as beautiful and assertive. In this study, attempts are made to generalize the characteristics of women's cosmetics' names in television advertisements over the past five years from linguistic and social perspectives. The results may contribute to guiding principles related to women's cosmetics' names and provide an insight into future research. (255 words)
Park Jae-eun. 2013. On prolonging in Korean conversation. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 21(3). This paper explores the systematic retardation of turn progression in Korean conversation, focusing on the phenomenon of prolonging. Prolonging is defined as a practice whereby speakers suspend the progression of a turn toward a possible completion particularly by drawing on sound stretches as a primary resource. The analysis of data shows that prolonging, observed at a point where the action is more or less recognizable, is used to reinforce the speaker's epistemic or affective stance as well as to project dispreferredness in a way that delays the arrival of a transition-relevance place. I argue that prolonging can be employed at any word boundary as long as the emergent action is recognizable and that it serves as a basis for understanding how readily a turn can be manipulated in the service of practical social actions in Korean conversation. (137 words)
Park Hyu-yong. 2013. Critical analysis of contrasting identities and styles of anti- and pro-multicultural discourses in Korea. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 21(3). In a multicultural society, social discourses composed of diverse voices, identities, and subjectivities collide and naturally create tensions. Adopting Rogers' (2004) methodological approach to critical discourse analysis and Castells' (2004) categorization of identity - legitimizing, project, and resistanceas a conceptual framework, this paper analyzes the discourses between antiand pro-multiculturalist sides in Korea. This paper surveys and analyzes the discourses hosted in cyber space, such as internet agora, portal site cafes, and personal blogs, which are the outlets of common people's voices and identities regarding multiculturalism. The concrete research questions of this paper are as follows: i) how are anti- and pro-multiculturalist voices and rationales categorized?; ii) what are the types of identities in anti- and pro-multiculturalist discourses, and how do they conflict; and iii) what styles do anti- and pro-multiculturalists bear in their own discourses? This paper argues that multicultural discourses in Korea are conjugated by diverse conflicting voices of people with different standpoints and beliefs on a multicultural society. This paper also stresses that the government or academia should monitor the voices, rationales, and attitudes of both sides to establish clear directions for future multicultural policies and legislation. (190 words)
Yang Myung-hee, Kang Huisuk and Park Dong-geun. 2013. A Sociolinguistic Study on the name of Korean and Koreans' language attitudes toward the name: Focused on teenage high school students and their parents. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 21(3). This paper aims to compare the characteristics of name and language attitudes towards name of teenage high school students and their parents. This thesis carried out a nationwide survey and as a result drew out several important conclusions.
First, the percentage of Sino-Korean name was the highest; the rate of the native name of teenage high school students is two times higher than that of their parents, and more male students had Sino-Korean name than female students.
Second, the percentage of parents taking part in the naming process was 60% in parents generation, whereas the percentage of parents and grandparents respectively taking part in the naming process were similar in teenage high school students. This result indicates that grandparents became to play a bigger role in the naming process due to their socio-economic status.
Third, the percentage of using the generation character(hangryeol) decreased in teenage high school students, indicating that people are not bound to traditions. Fourth, the rate of female parent who were unsatisfied with their names was the highest. It suggests that there was a social preference of a son to a daughter.
Fifth, the parents replied that the most desirable namer is father, followed by naming specialist, and students replied father followed by grandparents. Sixth, the number of students who answered that fetus names are necessary was two times bigger than their parents, and it seems likely that fetus names will be popular in the future as well. Hereafter, by carrying out nationwide surveys of different age groups(their late teens and 40's or 50's), this paper intends to study how the characteristics of Korean name and Koreans' language attitudes towards it changed through different age groups. (279 word)
Yang Tae-sun. 2013. Implications for EMCs: Based on Students' Perspectives. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 21(3). The purpose of this study was to seek for better ways of implementing and expanding English Medium Courses (EMCs) at a university level through the lens of students. 6 male and 5 female students participated in this study and qualitative and quantitative data collection methods were used, such as journals, interviews, and students' English proficiency and such data were analyzed by a family of codes proposed by Bogdan and Biklen (1992). The results revealed that students generally felt that taking EMCs was beneficial for their future career, so they made an effort in taking EMCs. However, they revealed its downside, which eventually provided some insights on how to make this educational practice successful. First, students should increase their English proficiency to be comfortable in EMCs. Second, professors should refine their language and teaching skills to better serve EMCs. Finally, the university should implement and expand EMCs based on students' readiness for taking and professors' readiness for teaching EMCs. (158 words)
Lee Jin-sung. 2013. Writing Practice of English Chatting Language and its Different Communication Strategies from That of Korean. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 21(3). The purpose of this study is to introduce writing practice of English chatting language, especially focusing on that of text messages. It also discusses different communication strategies of English chatting language from that of Korean. The two characteristic features of text message writing are presented as a violation of conventional writing practice and various manners of shorthand writings. As for shorthand writings, initialisms, vowel omission, clippings, ideograms, pictograms, and phonetic spellings are dealt, together with their functional perspectives. The communication strategies of English chatting language were found to be reflected only on various shorthand writing practice which depicts the degree of formality but manifests lack of articulating detailed emotion or conversational keys. The communication strategies of Korean chatting language, on the other hand, were found to be able to demonstrate various conversational keys with the help of novel inflectional mutation, shortening, syllable extension, consonant addition or with adoption of regional dialects. While English chatting language is associated with positive influence on literacy, vocabulary, and phonological awareness among children as well as adults, Korean chatting language seems to have somewhat negative influence on standard written language and orthography. (188 words)
Lee Hyun-hee and Park Chul-woo. 2013. The correlation between adult literacy and their vocabularies. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 21(3). The subject of literacy is no longer new, as it is clear that understanding various types of text is essential for daily life. However, it is also true that once adults have completed their formal school education, they are typically not provided with formal opportunities to improve literacy or vocabulary skills. In the context of lifelong learning, this reality opens the need for an exploration of the relationship between adult literacy and vocabulary. This paper discusses the findings from an experiment on adult literacy. Subjects were divided into two groups: Group A consisted of fifty adults over the age of fifty, and Group B consisted of fifty undergraduate students. The main results of this study can be summarized as follows. First, it was found that Group A overestimated their own literacy and vocabulary abilities, while Group B underestimated these skills. Secondly, in terms of the four language skills of speaking, listening, reading, and writing, Group A reported relative ease of use of these language functions. In comparison, Group B responded that they sometimes experienced difficulties in reading and writing. However, on test items pertaining to lexemes, synonyms, content, and genre, the percentage of correct answers from Group A was lower than that of Group B. As a result of this experiment, we can conclude that the actual literacy of Group A was lower than that reported in their self-evaluations. Based on this finding, we suggest the necessity of literacy and vocabulary education for adults. (245 words)
Heo Jae-young. 2013. The Trends on the Study of Language Power and the Sociolinguistical Approaches. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 21(3). In order to understand what language power means to sociolinguistics, we will search for the relation between language and power in various academic fields; for example in linguistics, philosophy, history and literature.
I searched various theses and works related to language power. But no one has used this term in a technical sense. Many scholars have used ‘language and power’ instead of ‘language power’. This tendency is similar to sociolinguistics. I couldn't find this term in the dictionary of sociolinguistics. But I found ‘language change, language contact, language conflict, language rights and shifts’. We take a broad view that these terms are related to language and power indirectly. The results are as follows:
First, language is used for communication, therefore language is related to race, culture and societies. This means language is related to social power elements. Discrimination of language by race, gender and class for example, indicated the problem of language power in the language community.
Second, power is essentially related to inner order or intergroup-relationships. In this respect, many linguistic scholars were concerned about the function of language or class.
Third, I found many literary researchers were concerned about language power in works. They were concerned about the expression relating to character's status. This theme related to discourse analysis.
Fourth, I after researching the history of foreign language power, I reached the conclusion that the study of language power is one of sociolinguistical problems and this problem implied a historical background. (243 words)