Porous bearings are lubricated the oil that is contained in porous metal. Then they are always used with no oil supply, because of that, widely used electric motors. But, if oil flow out less than the limit, troubles often happen. This report shows that attempt of estimating oil quantity in porous bearing by using calculation that based Reynols' equation and Darcy's law, aimed of developing long life bearing. And comparing with experimental and calculation result, we show possibility of estimating rest oil quantity in porous bearing at steadry state by calculation.

Cylindrical specimens with different levels of density have been submitted to uniaxial compression tests with loading and unloading cycles. The analysis of the elastic loadings shows a non linear elasticity which can be mathematically represented by means of a potential law. Results are explained by assuming that the total elastic strain is the contribution of two terms one deriving from the hertzian deformation of the contacts among particles and another that takes into account the linear elastic deformation of the powder skeleton. A simple model based in an one pore unit cell is presented to support the mathematical model.

Sintered steels are materials characterized by residual porosity, whose dimension and morphology strongly affect the fatigue crack growth behaviour of the material. Prismatic specimens were pressed at from Astaloy CrM powder and sintered varying the sintering temperature and the cooling rate. Optical observations allowed to evaluate the dimensions and the morphology of the porosity and the microstructural characteristics. Fatigue tests were performed to investigate the threshold zone and to calculate the Paris law. Moreover tests were performed to complete the investigation. Both on fatigue and samples a fractographic analysis was carried out to investigate the crack path and the fracture surface features. The results show that the Paris law crack growth exponent is around 6.0 for sintered and around 4.7 for sintered materials. The same dependence to process parameters is not found for .

This study aimed to find the psycho-social characteristics and their related factors among long-term convicts. Considering length of sentence, 355 inmates sentenced over ten-year incarceration were surveyed from 6 correctional facilities. The study tried to find the relationship between the psycho-social characteristics of long-term inmates which was defined "the extent of recognition attitude change", "attitude toward law" and the correctional environment factors(length of incarceration, penalty experience during incarceration, vocational training experience, level of satisfaction on treatment programs), importation factors(sex, age, education level, former incarceration experience). The major findings and implications on treatment for long-term inmates were as follow: First, a model of the correctional environment factors on "the extent of recognition attitude change" was not adequate. On the other hand, "the level of satisfaction on treatment programs" was significantly related to "attitude toward law"; the higher the satisfaction which the correctional facilities gave, the attitude toward law was positive. Second, regarding importation model, "sex" was significantly related to "recognition attitude change". In "attitude toward law", all importation factors except for former incarceration experience had a statistical meaning; women, older and higher educated long-term inmates had positive attitude toward law. Third, seeing the influence of importation factors, early intervention than post care to the risky groups to reduce the possibility of re-offence is admirable. Also correctional treatment programs for long-term inmates should be provided based on individuality of long-term inmates. Finally, the study suggests that the correctional treatment focus on education programs to change recognition attitude for men inmates, the maintenance of family relations and adaption programs for women.

In an attempt to investigate star formation activity and statistical properties of clumps of high Galactic latitude clouds (HLCs), we mapped the Polaris Flare region, PF121.3+25.5, in 12CO and 13CO J = 1 - 0 using SRAO 6-m telescope and also observed its 12 13CO peak positions in CS J = 2 - 1 with TRAO 14-m telescope. 13CO integrated intensity map shows clearly its clumpy structure and the locations of clumps well agree with 12CO morphology. CS line is not detected toward the 12 13CO peak positions, so we can conclude there are no dense (~ 104 cm-3) in this region. We decomposed 105 clumps from 13CO map using GAUSSCLUMPS algorithm. The mass of clumps ranges from 7.8 M⊙ to 7.4x10-2 with a total mass of 66.4⊙ The mass spectrum follows a power law, dN/dM ∝ M-α with a power index of α =1.91 ± 0.13. The virial masses of clumps are in the range of 10 ~ 100 and so these clumps are considered to be gravitationally unbound.