This paper seeks to enable the port of Shandong Peninsula to better handle the relationship between competition and cooperation and thus achieve common development. Based on an analysis of the current development of Shandong Peninsula ports, the paper proposes a port competition and cooperation strategy based on a Bertrand game. According to the game model, an income matrix of Qingdao Port and Rizhao Port, Yantai Port and Weihai Port is established and an analysis the income of each port under different strategic combinations is conducted to determine the strategy that is most conducive to the development of the ports. At the same time, we consider the instability of cooperation and establish a certain cooperation mechanism. Finally, an example is used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed port development strategy for Shandong Peninsula.

It would appear that the diversification of the methods of international transport has made global trade much easier. With the outstanding advantages of cargo volumes, shipping costs and safety of goods, sea transport always accounts for a high proportion of the export and import activities of coastal countries. Today, therefore, seaborne trade is the main method of foreign trade in Vietnam and the world. Towards solutions in the area of seaborne trade development, this study aims to find the essential macroeconomics factors influencing directly seaborne trade by applying autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) models with a case study of Vietnam. This paper finds that Vietnam’s GDP and FDI have positive impacts on Vietnam’s seaborne trade turnover in both the short run and long run. The findings here make a significant contribution to the search for practical scientific solutions to enhance Vietnam’s seaborne trade development.

Due to the high risk of personal injury and property damage, the safety of maritime transport is an important concern for everyone involved. Ship navigation officers usually look up a ship's collision profile for safety-at-sea information before entering an unknown coastal area. Near-ship collisions are very important when assessing the potential risk of shipping. This paper undertakes a ship encounter risk assessment, involving analyses of the trajectory data of merchant ships and then extracts ship encounter data, creates a probabilistic model to determine whether an encounter event is a near miss, and suggests risk indicators. The proposed method will be useful for navigators to plan safe passages.

Barrier options are path-dependent options, and their return depends not only on the price of the underlying asset on the expiry date but also on whether the underlying asset reaches the prescribed barrier level during the contract's validity period. This paper mainly studies the barrier option pricing problem under the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck equa-tion model under an uncertain environment. Assuming that the stock price obeys the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck equation model, the pricing formulas of four European barrier options are derived. Finally, several numerical examples are used to verify the effectiveness of the model.

A ship’s position as determined by the observation of celestial bodies is a traditional method with important advantages, such as reliability, independence and a low cost. Global satellite navigation systems, with many outstanding advantages in terms of accuracy and continuity, have become the main method of ship positioning in offshore navigation. Ship positioning using celestial body observation is still a backup method in the event of unusual incidents. Currently, during the daytime, it is only possible to apply the celestial navigation method to determine the ship’s position by observing the altitude of the sun. In order to reduce geometrical errors, this traditional method requires time for a certain change of the azimuth of the sun and therefore depends much on estimated errors and the effects of external conditions. Moreover, the basic requirement of the backup method is to provide a ship position quickly during offshore navigation, without the position being determined by a global satellite positioning system. To overcome the above limitations, the paper proposes a new approach to determine a ship's position by simultaneously observing the altitude and azimuth of the sun. A program for calculating the position of a ship with high reliability and applicability based on the new algorithm is also devised and shown to be highly effective in practice.

The first stage of the SMART-Navigation project was completed in 2020, and a new project that aims to develop smart AtoN (aids to navigation) has begun. If the location information of ships is continuously collected, processed and accumulated, it will be possible to identify the behavioral characteristics of each ship and to combine the characteristics of active ships at some point to provide various forms of predictive information. In this paper, we describe how current and traditional fishing areas are identified based on the location information of fishing boats and then introduce a new method for predicting fishing areas in advance using historical information of currently active fishing boats.