본 연구의 목적은 실증분석을 통하여 마음챙김과 감정노동, 마음챙김과 직무스트레스, 감정노동과 직무스트레스의 인과관계를 규명하여, 항공사 객실승무원의 감정노동과 직무스 트레스의 부정적인 면을 감소시킬 수 있는 방안을 제시하는 것이다. 이를 달성하기 위하여 연구대상자를 항공사 객실승무원으로 선정하였고, 실증분석을 위한 데이터는 SNS의 서베이 폼을 이용하여 306부의 유효 표본을 수집하였다. 데이터 분석은 빈도분석, 신뢰도분석, 요 인분석, 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과를 바탕으로 시사점을 제시하면, 첫째, 마음챙김 중에서 현실자각과 수용은 감정노동의 강도를 높이고, 주의집중은 감정노동의 강도를 낮춘 다. 둘째, 마음챙김 중에서 수용은 직무스트레스를 높이고, 현실자각은 관계갈등스트레스를 낮추고, 주의집중은 업무스트레스를 낮춘다. 셋째, 감정노동의 강도가 높아지면 근무환경스 트레스와 업무스트레스도 높아지므로, 주의집중의 마음챔김을 통하여 직무스트레스를 낮추 어야 한다.

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)는 진단 내시경과 유사한 진정법이 사용되지만 시술의 복잡성, 질환 특성, 환자의 자세 등으로 인해 진정 관련 우발증 위험이 높아 고위험 시술로 분류된다. 시술 전 병력청취와 신체 검진을 통해 Mallampati 또는 American Society of Anesthesiologists 분류가 높을 경우 마취과 협진을 고려해야 한다. 미다졸람과 아편 유사제 병합 또는 프로포폴 기반 균형 진정은 모두 안전하게 사용 가능하며, 시술 중 활력 징후, 산소포화도, 심전도 모니터링이 필요하다. 고위험군에서는 호기말 CO2 측정을 추가할 수 있고 고유량 비강 캐뉼라, 후두 마스크 등도 고려된다. 진정제 과량 투여를 피하고 ERCP의 적응증을 신중히 검토하는 것이 중요하다.

PIM-1 (polymer intrinsic microporosity-1)은 뒤틀린 구조에 기인한 높은 기체 투과 특성을 가지고 있기 때문에 기 체 분리막 소재 중 하나로 활발히 연구되어졌다. 높은 기체 투과 특성의 장점에도 불구하고 높지 않은 기체 선택성의 한계점 이 존재함에 따라 본 연구에서는 PIM-1 분리막에 PEG/PPG-CN을 첨가함으로써 CO2의 용해도 증가에 따른 기체 선택도를 높이고 열처리를 진행하여 PIM-1과 PEG/PPG-CN의 사이아노기가 트라이아진으로 전환되는 재배열을 유도하였다. 그 결과 2 wt%의 PEG/PPG-CN이 첨가되고 열처리된 PIM-1 분리막의 성능은 열처리만 된 PIM-1 분리막과 비교하였을 때 단일 및 혼 합 기체 조건에서 더 높은 이산화탄소의 투과도와 선택도를 가지는 것으로 측정되었다. 혼합 기체 조건에서는 단일 기체 조 건에서 보다 높은 이산화탄소 투과도와 선택도를 보이며 실제 기체 분리 공정의 적용 가능성이 높다는 것을 확인하였으며 트 라이아진의 가교에 의하여 기체 분리막이 가소화 저항성(anti-plasticization)을 가지는 것으로 확인되었다.

This study proposes the use of a cobalt-based Prussian blue analogue (Co-PBA; potassium cobalt hexacyanoferrate), as an adsorbent for the cost-effective recovery of aqueous ammonium ions. The characterization of Co-PBA involved various techniques, including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption-desorption analysis, and zeta potential. The prepared Co-PBA reached an adsorption equilibrium for ammonium ions within approximately 480 min, which involved both surface adsorption and subsequent diffusion into the interior. The isotherm experiment revealed a maximum adsorption capacity of 37.29 mg/g, with the Langmuir model indicating a predominance of chemical monolayer adsorption. Furthermore, the material consistently demonstrated adsorption efficiency across a range of pH conditions. Notably, adsorption was observed even when competing cations were present. Co-PBA emerges as a readily synthesized adsorbent, underscoring its efficacy in ammonium removal and selectivity toward ammonium.

In this study, we analyzed how the revenue water ratio(RWR) is affected by changes in conditions of the water supply area, such as the ratio of aging pipes, maintenance conditions, and revenue water. As a result of analyzing the impact of pipe aging and maintenance conditions on the RWR, it was confirmed that the RWR could be decreased if the pipe replacement project to improve the aging pipe ratio was not carried out and proper maintenance costs were not secured. It was also confirmed that an increase in the revenue water could be operated to facilitate the achievement of the project’s target RWR. In contrast, a decrease in the revenue water due to a population reduction could affect the failure of the target RWR. In addition to analyzing the causes of variation in the RWR, the calculation of estimated project costs was considered by using leakage reduction instead of RWR from recent RWR improvement project cost data. From this analysis, it was reviewed whether the project costs planned to achieve the target RWR of the RWR improvement project in A city were appropriate. In conclusion, the RWR could be affected by variations in the ratio of aging pipes, maintenance conditions, and revenue water, and it was reasonable to consider not only the construction input but also the input related to RWR improvement, such as leakage reduction, when calculating the project cost.

In this study, the quality of sow pork was compared with commercial pork to evaluate sow pork as raw meat material for processing. Texture, cooking loss, color, pH, water, lipid, fatty acid, volatile profiles, and sensory characteristics of 3 parts (tenderloin, loin, hind leg) of sow and commercial pork were analyzed. In texture analysis, sow pork had significantly higher shear force compared to commercial pork (tenderloin: sow 143.19 N, commercial 107.79 N; loin: sow 173.62 N, commercial 120.65 N; hind leg: sow 211.76 N, commercial 112.80 N) (p<0.05). There were significant differences in cooking loss, color, and pH, but they differed by part. A total of 49 volatile compounds were identified, and there were significant differences in 22 volatile compounds. In the case of hexanal (one of the warmed-over flavors), which was detected on the largest scale, the relative concentration was significantly higher in the tenderloin of commercial pork (p<0.05). On the other hand, no differences were reported by sensory analysis for hardness, off-flavor, juiciness, oiliness, appearance, taste, and acceptability between cooked sow and commercial pork. This study provides a database on the quality of sow pork by parts, which is considerable to develop proceed meat products using sow meat.

This study analyzes the seismic response of traffic light poles, considering soil-foundation effects through nonlinear static and time history analyses. Two poles are investigated, uni-directional and bi-directional, each with 9 m mast arms. Finite element models incorporate the poles, soil, and concrete foundations for analysis. Results show that the initial stiffness of the traffic light poles decreases by approximately 38% due to soil effects, and the drift ratio at which their nonlinear behavior occurs is 77% of scenarios without considering soil effects. The maximum acceleration response increases by about 82% for uni-directional poles and 73% for bi-directional poles, while displacement response increases by approximately 10% for uni-directional and 16% for bi-directional poles when considering soil-foundation effects. Additionally, increasing ground motion intensity reduces soil restraints, making significant rotational displacement the dominant response mechanism over flexural displacement for the traffic light poles. These findings underscore the importance of considering soil-foundation interactions in analyzing the seismic behavior of traffic light poles and provide valuable insights to enhance their seismic resilience and safety.

There are still debated about surveillance interval, duration, diagnostic modality and treatment for intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) of the pancreas. In recent guidelines, ‘high risk stigmata (HRS)’ and ‘worrisome feature (WF)’ are defined as predictive factors for malignancy in IPMN. IPMNs with HRS and main duct- IPMN are more likely to accompany malignancies, thus require surgery. However, in the case of only WF, since the risk of malignancy is different for each factor, the management decision can be variable according to the number of overlapping WFs. In addition, for segmental main pancreatic duct dilatation without enhancing mural nodules, careful surveillance might be considered rather than immediate surgery. In IPMN patients with elderly or severe comorbidities, treatment strategy should be determined based on surgical and malignant risk assessment. To date, the natural course of IPMN patients with HRS and WF is not well understood, thus further studies with a large number of patients are needed.