In this study, UiO-66-NH2 was synthesized and incorporated with graphene aerosol (UiO-66-NH2/GA) and ethylenediamine functionalized graphene oxide (UiO-66-NH2/GO-NH2). These composites were characterized using infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, ultraviolet–visible light spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. UiO-66-NH2/GO-NH2 exhibited 93% adsorption of quinoline in 5 h, UiO-66-NH2 and UiO-66-NH2/GA presented 80.4% and 86.5%, respectively. The high adsorption observed on UiO-66-NH2/GO-NH2 was attributed to the unique electronic properties, and hydrogen bonding between the nitrogen atom of quinoline and NH2- phenyl fragment of UiO-66-NH2, and N–H of ethylenediamine. GO also offered combined strong π–π interactions on its surface, and the oxygen coverage (~ 50%) on GO within the structure is responsible for the formation of strong hydrogen bonds with quinoline. Theoretical calculation suggested that UiO-66-NH2/GO-NH2 presented a more favourable adsorption energy (− 18.584 kcal/ mol) compared to UiO-66-NH2 (− 16.549 kcal/mol) and UiO-66-NH2/GA (− 13.991 kcal/mol). These results indicate that nanocomposites have a potential application in quinoline capture technologies in the process of adsorptive denitrogenation.

We report the use of face mask materials as a carbon precursor for the synthesis of multi- and single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in an open-loop chemical recycling process. Novel surgical mask precursors were suspended in toluene and injected into a chemical vapor deposition reactor previously optimized for CNT production using liquid injection. The CNTs were collected and characterized using resonant Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) before being turned into fibrils that were tested for electrical conductance. Once confirmed and repeated for statistical accuracy, a CNT-based Ethernet cable was manufactured and tested using iPerf3 for uplink and downlink speeds exceeding broadband standards worldwide. Radial breathing modes from Raman spectroscopy indicate single walled CNTs (SWCNTs) with diameters ranging from 0.8 to 1.55 nm and this matches well with TEM observations of SWCNTs with 1.5 nm diameter. This work pushes the horizon of feedstocks useful for CNT and SWCNT production in particular; this work demonstrates upcycling of materials fated for disposal into materials with positive net value and plenty of real-world applications.

The conversion of CO2 into solar fuels by photocatalysis is a promising way to deal with the energy crisis and the greenhouse effect. The introduction of oxygen vacancy into semiconductor has been proved to be an effective strategy for enhancing CO2 photoreduction performance. Herein, TiO2- x nanostructures have been prepared by a simple solvothermal method and engineered by the reaction time. With the prolonging of reaction time, the oxygen vacancy signal gradually increases while the band gap becomes narrow for the as-synthesized TiO2- x nanostructures. The results show that the TiO2- x-6 h, TiO2- x-24 h, and TiO2- x-48 h samples have the main product of CH4 (more) and CO (less) for CO2 photoreduction. Among the three oxygen vacancy photocatalysts, the TiO2- x-24 h sample shows the highest CH4 generation rate of 41.8 μmol g− 1 h− 1. On the basis of photo/electrochemical measurements, the TiO2- x-24 h sample exhibits efficient electron–hole separation and charge transfer capabilities, thus allows much more electrons to participate in the reaction and finally promotes the photocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction. It further confirms that the optimization of oxygen vacancy concentration could facilitate the photoinduced charge separation and accordingly improve photocatalytic CO2 conversion.

Bacterial phytopathogen Pectobacterium causes soft rot disease in several vegetable crops globally, resulting in heavy agricultural losses at both the pre and postharvest stages. The present work was carried out to screen Kimchi cabbage genetic resources conserved at the National Agrobiodiversity Center, Rural Development Administration, Korea, for resistance against the soft rot pathogen Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum KACC 21701 over a period of three years (from 2020 to 2022). Infection of the phytopathogen was carried out at four-leaf stage and for each accession, twenty-five plants per germplasm were infected with KACC 21701. Kimchi cabbage cultivars Wangmatbaechu, Seoulbaechu, and CR Kiyoshi were used as control. Seven-days post-infection, the Disease Index (DI) values were manually recorded from zero to four, zero matched perfectly heathy plants and four completely dead plants. The 682 accessions of Kimchi cabbage exhibited varying degrees of disease resistance to KACC 21701 and thirty accessions, exhibiting a DI≤2, were considered for replication studies. During the replication studies, four landrace germplasms (IT102883, IT120036, IT120044, and IT120048) and one cultivar (IT187919) were confirmed to be moderately susceptible to KACC 21701. Results of the preliminary screening as well as replication studies were documented for the all the 682 germplasms. Addition of such information to the passport data of stored germplasms might serve as potential bio-resource for future breeders and researchers to develop resistant varieties or study the mechanisms involved in resistance of plants to such phytopathogen.

The electrochemical behavior was investigated during the electrolysis of nickel oxide in LiCl-Li2O salt mixture at 650℃ by changing several components. The focus of this work is to improve anode design and shroud design to increase current densities. The tested components were ceramic anode shroud porosity, porosity size, anode geometry, anode material, and metallic porous anode shroud. The goal of these experiments was to optimize and improve the reduction process. The highest contributors to higher current densities were anode shroud porosity and anode geometry.

The impact of heat stress (HS) on reproductive performance and its problems in cows remains to be investigated in Bangladesh. The study was, therefore, aimed to evaluate the effect of HS on fertility and reproductive health problems of dairy cows in a selected area of Bangladesh. A total of 1,095 cows from 500 farms were included in this study. The climate-related data were recorded daily basis for every month in a year and temperature-humidity index (THI) values were calculated to determine the level of HS. Concurrently, data on fertility parameters [number of services per conception (NSC), conception rate (CR) and calving to the first service interval (CFSI)], and reproductive problems were collected through a pre-defined questionnaire. The results show that crossbred [Native x Holstein-Friesian, (HF)] cows were more vulnerable (p < 0.05) to a magnitude of HS effects considering physiological parameters of cows [age, body condition score (BCS), parity and milk yield]. Regarding fertility, HS had no effect on NSC, CR and CFSI in both native and crossbred cows (p > 0.05). The findings on the reproductive problems indicate that HS had significant influence on the prevalence of anestrus (χ2 = 21.814, p < 0.05) and retained placenta (χ2 = 24.632, p < 0.05) in cows. Of note, the prevalence of repeat breeding syndrome was 2.5 folds higher in stress condition than in no stress condition. Abortion and dystocia were not influenced by HS. In conclusion, HS does not influence the fertility parameters of cows studied; however, anestrus and retained placenta are likely to occur under HS conditions in cows.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and F-actin cytoskeleton dynamics play important roles in the survival rate of blastocysts after the vitrifiedwarming process. However, the protective effects of Mito-TEMPO against cryo-injury and viability through F-actin aggregation and mitochondrial-specific ROS production in vitrificated-warmed bovine embryos have not been investigated. The aims of the present study were to: (1) determine the effects of Mito-TEMPO on embryonic developmental competence and quality by F-actin stabilization during in vitro culturing (IVC), and (2) confirm the effects of Mito-TEMPO through F-actin structure on the cryotolerance of vitrification-warming in Mito-TEMPO exposed in vitro production (IVP) of bovine blastocysts. Bovine zygotes were cultured with 0.1 μM Mito-TEMPO treatment for 2 days of IVC. Mito-TEMPO (0.1 μM) exposed bovine embryos slightly improved in blastocyst developmental rates compared to the non-treated group. Moreover, the viability of vitrified-warmed blastocysts from Mito-TEMPO treated embryos significantly increased (p < 0.05, non-treated group: 66.7 ± 3.2% vs Mito-TEMPO treated group: 79.2 ± 5.9%; re-expanded at 24 hours). Mito-TEMPO exposed embryos strengthened the F-actin structure and arrangement in the blastocyst after vitrification-warming. Furthermore, the addition of Mito-TEMPO into the IVC medium enhanced embryonic survival and quality through F-actin stabilization after the vitrification-warming procedure. Overall, our results suggest that supplementing the culture with 0.1 μM Mito- TEMPO improves the embryonic quality and cryo-survival of IVP bovine blastocysts.

In order to optimising the sea traffic network efficiency, improving the safety of shipping and the protection of the environment, it is useful to model the sea network and its spatio-temporal characteristics of the ship patterns. These maritime patterns could also be an a-priori set of knowledge for the upcoming Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) which are starting to navigate our seas with or without remote human controls. The above concepts are crucial and essential elements for defining and understanding the Maritime Situational Awareness (MSA). Nowadays the applied methodologies for modelling the maritime traffic use large scale of database for extracting the patterns. The Knowledge Discovery from Data (KDD), strictly connected with Data Mining (DM) is growing significantly to modelling the behaviour of the vessels in relations to their surroundings. This is just one example that confirms the growing up of the cloud computing usage for maritime applications too. Besides these applications there are also a continuous and fast evolution of the IT services, which more often than not means data centre scale-ups with consequent improve of power consumptions. This paper is a case study based on real world data assessing a multi-objective energy consumption analysis. It is based on the comparison between the traditional air conditioning structures known as Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) and the Free Cooling Technique (FCT) in order to reduce the data centre power consumption keeping the same number of computational calculations performed.

최근 가상현실 기술, AR 기술, 스포츠 센싱 기기가 등장하면서 '메타 유니버 스'라는 개념이 사람들 앞에 나타났다. 현재 메타버스의 대두는 페이스북 창업 자 마크 저커버그가 페이스북을 메타(Meta)로 개명한 것이다. 그는 페이스북을 실제 세계와 매우 유사한 가상 세계에서 스텔스 기기를 착용하도록 요구하는 블록체인 기술과 체감 기술이라고 정의했다. 그것은 일종의 사회활동이기 때문 에 필연적으로 다양한 사회적 관계가 생겨나고, 나아가 이러한 사회관계에 대 한 침해, 즉 위법행위와 범죄행위가 생길 수 있다. 그 중에서도 성범죄는 신체 적 권리뿐만 아니라 피해자의 정신적 이익에도 관여하는 독특한 범죄다. 메타버스(Metaverse)는 특별한 스텔스 장비에 의존해 자연인을 하나의 가상 세계로 끌어들였고, 그곳에서 사람들은 현실세계에 가까운 경험을 즐길 수 있 다. 이 가운데는 사이버 범죄와 유사한 일정한 성적 범죄행위가 존재하기도 하 지만, 성적 범죄행위는 사람의 신체에 대한 의존성이 높기 때문에 메타버스 내 에서 규범화하는 것이 이전의 다른 범죄보다 더욱 어렵다. 현재 중국의 입법은 아직 메타버스 내에서의 범죄에 관한 법규정이 없으며 사이버 범죄에 의한 귀 납이나 사회적 평가와 침해의 사회적 이익관계에 따라 비교적으로 접근하는 다 른 법규정에 의해서만 규제할 수 있다.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of ImmunoSEB as an immune-booster additive on the performance of broiler chicks. A total of 1150 broiler chickens were randomly allotted to three treatments on the basis of body weight (10 pens per treatment with 40 broilers in each pen): the control (CON), CON + ImmunoSEB 0.025% in feed (SEB25), and CON + ImmunoSEB 0.050% in feed (SEB50). The experiment was conducted for d 42 in three phases (phase 1, d 0–14; phase 2, d 15–28; and phase 3, d 29–42). There were significant differences in the average daily gain (ADG) and feed intake. The ADG at d 14 in the SEB50 treatment was greater than that in the CON treatment. The overall ADG in the SEB50 treatment was greater than that in the CON treatment. During d 0–14, the feed intake of chickens in the SEB50 treatment increased compared to that in the CON treatment. The crude protein and lysine digestibility improved in the SEB25 and SEB50 treatments compared to those in the CON treatment at d 28. Superoxide dismutase concentration significantly increased in the SEB50 treatment compared to that in the CON treatment. The interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α concentrations were higher in the cecum of chickens in the CON treatment than in the SEB25 and SEB50 treatments. A lower population of E. coli was detected in the ileum and cecum of broilers fed the SEB50 diet compared to those of broilers fed the CON diet. The overall result showed the beneficial effects of using ImmunoSEB at a dose of 0.050% in broiler chickens.

PURPOSES : A mechanistic-empirical (ME) predictive design logic that can compute the reflective cracking life of hot-mix asphalt (HMA) overlaid on top of a composite pavement is proposed herein. METHODS : The overlay thickness design and analysis logic of the HMA were formulated based on the ME concept of reflection crack propagation. Climate data, traffic load data, the pavement material properties, and the thickness of each layer of the pavement are the main inputs for the ME-Reflective Cracking Rate (RCR) prediction algorithm. An Microsoft Excel Virtual Basic for Application (VBA) program was created to aid designers in assessing the expected performance of an HMA overlay design. Calibration was done using data from the Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) sections. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to compare the results yielded by the program and data from a report by the Texas Transportation Institute. RESULTS : The predictive model performance effectively generates the dynamic and relaxation modulus curves. The correlation value of the calibration factors, R2, is 0.79. The calibration factors used for the Asphalt Overlay Thickness Design (AOTD) program and the sensitivity analysis, i.e., k1, k2,, and k3,, are set to 5, 5, and 150, respectively. The sensitivity of the AOTD program affords reasonable results. Additionally, the program yields results similar to the trends presented in a report by the Federal Highway Administration. CONCLUSIONS : The proposed ME design logic is successfully translated into an Excel VBA program, AOTD, which can perform routine assessments of laboratory tests for HMA overlays. The program can effectively perform numerous iterations and computations to predict an HMA overlay. The predictive model can generate reasonable dynamic modulus and relaxation modulus curves for the characterization of HMA overlays. Under the same asphalt binder grade and HMA type, doubling the HMA overlay thickness yields three times the expected reflective cracking service life.

최근 수십 년간 전 세계는 경제발전과 수송수단의 향상으로 다양한 외래종이 침입할 수 있는 시대가 되었다. 외국산 농산물의 수입요구는 외 래종의 침입을 보다 용이하게 하며 이렇게 침입한 외래종은 국내 생물상의 교란을 야기한다. 식물검역의 목적은 외래해충으로부터 국내 농업환경 및 생태계를 보호하는데 있다. 본 연구에서는 농림축산검역본부의 병해충정보시스템에 기록된 자료를 통해 1996년부터 2020년까지 수입절화류 에서 발견한 해충 검출 동향을 분석하였다. 이 기간동안 총 69개국 159품목 147,160개에서 검출된 해충은 13,757건의 467종 (잠정규제해충 273 종, 관리해충 78종, 비검역해충 118종)이었다. 특히, 총채벌레목과 매미목 해충의 검출율이 전체의 80% 이상을 차지하여 수입 절화류에서 가장 많 이 발견되는 해충분류군으로 분석하였다.

This research will examine how the Indonesian constitution can effectively protect the indigenous people’s rights to customary land when the land is under construction for infrastructure building. The authors will mainly discuss the relevance of justice for ensuring the rights to live and property of indigenous people under the Indonesian constitution. In this essay, the authors examine how constitutional and human rights protections interact with one another to ensure the security of customary land in Indonesia. The analysis will be carried out by two methodological approaches. One is the statute approach which is based on laws and regulations being specifically targeted. To implement the statutory approach, all Indonesian laws and regulations concerning the constitutional relationship and human rights to protect customary land will be reviewed. The other is the conceptual approach to identify the ideas that give rise to legal notions, the legal principles or legal arguments for solving the problem.

International terrorism has been a topical issue that caught the UN’s attention since the last quarter of the twentieth century. However, the UN initially dealt with it as an internal matter. In this regard, terrorism has become a global threat with the emergence of terrorist organizations. These organizations are not limited to a specific geographical scope; some of them are linked to countries, while others seek to occupy territories in order to control the oil wells and even create armies. They cannot continuously conduct their activities without financial support that provides it with the means to implement its plans and the resources to finance its field and logistical operations in all forms. One of the most important sources of financing terrorist and their organizations is money laundering operations. This research is to analyze the UN’s role in combating money laundering to prevent terrorist acts around the globe.