This study examines the effects of the TiO2 content and TiO2 position in the core or shell within tubular carbon nanofibers on the photocatalytic activity under visible light. Core–shell tubular carbon nanofiber composites whose cores are filled with TiO2 nanoparticles (PMTi(10)P) are fabricated through coaxial electrospinning and subsequent heat treatment. The PMTi(10)P composites with well-preserved TiO2 nanoparticles in the core part induce more oxygen vacancies, Ti3+ species, chemisorbed oxygen species, and anatase phases, significantly improving the photocatalytic performance. They act as photoelectron traps, allowing more photoelectrons and holes to participate in the photocatalytic reaction and extending the absorbance of TiO2 to the visible light region. The resulting PMTi(10)P photocatalyst exhibits excellent performance of 100% removal of methylene blue within 30 min and maintains nearly 100% removal of 15 ppm methylene blue over 10 regeneration cycles, indicating consistent and stable photocatalytic performance.

This study is a descriptive research study to confirmed the mediating effect of career adaptability in the relationship between growth mindset and career preparation behavior in order to improve the career preparation behavior of nursing students. The subjects of the study were second, third, and fourth year students attending nursing departments at two universities located in cities G and M.. The data were collected from May to June 2024. Analysis of the collected data was performed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Baron-Kenny regression analysis. As a result of the study, first, growth mindset showed a positive effect(β=.397, p<.001) on career adaptability. Second, growth mindset showed a positive effect(β=.337, p<.001) on career preparation behavior. Third, growth mindset (β=138, p<.001) and career adaptability (β=.502, p<.001) each had a statistically significant impact on career preparation behavior. As a result, it was confirmed that career adaptability has a partial mediating effect between growth mindset and career preparation behavior. Therefore, it can be seen that the higher the growth mindset, the more career adaptability is promoted, which in turn promotes career preparation behavior. Based on these research results, in order to improve the career preparation behavior of nursing students, growth mindset and career adaptability should be promoted in the field of nursing education.

The purpose of the study was to develop clothing that enhances comfort for children using gastrostomy tubes while maintaining a design that is no different from that of non-disabled children. The discomfort experienced by children with gastrostomy tubes wearing regular daily clothing was investigated through medical papers and blogs of their parents. The designs were then created to address the issues. The results were as follows: Because the location of the gastrostomy tube is in the upper body, four types of clothing items were developed: one sweatshirt for boys, two one-piece dresses for girls, and one windbreaker suitable for both boys and girls. Considering practicality for children’s clothing, cotton fabric was prioritized. For sweatshirts and windbreakers, a patched pocket with a dog pattern was placed over the area containing the gastrostomy tube to hide it. Frills were used to conceal the gastrostomy tube in one-piece dresses and designed to allow easy access for eating or disinfecting the area. This study aimed to address the challenges children with gastrostomy tubes face when wearing the regular daily clothes of non-disabled children while also offering aesthetically pleasing designs that enhance convenience for those using gastrostomy tubes. We believe this study will not only raise public awareness of disabilities but also inspire research on future clothing for both children and adults using gastrostomy tubes.

In this study, ferric phosphate precursors were prepared by controlling precipitation time, and the resulting LiFe PO4 active materials were thoroughly investigated. Microscale LiFePO4 cathode materials, designed for high energy density at the cell level, were successfully synthesized through a 10 h co-precipitation. As the reaction time increased, smaller primary particles were aggregated more tightly, and the secondary particles exhibited a more spherical shape. Meanwhile, ammonia did not work effectively as a complexing agent. The carbon coated LiFePO4 (LiFePO4/C) synthesized from the 10 h ferric phosphate precursor exhibited larger primary and secondary particle sizes, a lower specific surface area, and higher crystallinity due to the sintering of the primary particles. Enhanced battery performance was achieved with the LiFePO4/C that was synthesized from the precursor with the smaller size, which exhibited the discharge capacity of 132.25 mAh ‧ g-1 at 0.1 C, 70 % capacity retention at 5 C compared with 0.1 C, and 99.9 % capacity retention after the 50th cycle. The better battery performance is attributed to the lower charge transfer resistance and higher ionic conductivity, resulting from smaller primary particle sizes and a shorter Li+ diffusion path.

Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in various advanced devices, including electric vehicles and energy storage devices. As the application range of lithium-ion batteries expands, it will be increasingly important to improve their gravimetric and volumetric energy density. Layer-structured oxide materials have been widely adopted as cathode materials in Li-ion batteries. Among them, LiNiO2 has attracted interest because of its high theoretical capacity, ~274 mAh g-1, assuming reversible one Li+-(de)intercalation from the structure. Presently, such layered structure cathode materials are prepared by calcination of precursors. The precursors are typically hydroxides synthesized by coprecipitation reaction. Precursors synthesized by coprecipitation reaction have a spherical morphology with a size larger than 10 μm. Spherical precursors in the several micrometer range are difficult to obtain due to the limited coprecipitation reaction time, and can lead to vigorous collisions between the precursor particles. In this study, spherical and small-sized Ni(OH)2 precursors were synthesized using a new synthesis method instead of the conventional precipitation method. The highest capacity, 170 mAh g-1, could be achieved in the temperature range of 730~760 °C. The improved capacity was confirmed to be due to the higher quality of the layered structure.

This review examines the microstructural and mechanical properties of a Ti-6Al-4V alloy produced by wrought processing and powder metallurgy (PM), specifically laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) and hot isostatic pressing. Wrought methods, such as forging and rolling, create equiaxed alpha (α) and beta (β) grain structures with balanced properties, which are ideal for fatigue resistance. In contrast, PM methods, particularly LPBF, often yield a martensitic α′ structure with high microhardness, enabling complex geometries but requiring post-processing to improve its properties and reduce stress. The study evaluated the effects of processing parameters on grain size, phase distribution, and material characteristics, guiding the choice of fabrication techniques for optimizing Ti-6Al-4V performance in aerospace, biomedical, and automotive applications. The analysis emphasizes tailored processing to meet advanced engineering demands.

Ainsliaea acerifolia leaves are registered with the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety as edible herbal materials in Korea, and research is underway to explore their potential in developing functional foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. In this study, we developed an analytical method using HPLC-DAD to quantify three key compounds—chlorogenic acid, isochlorogenic acid A, and 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid—in A. acerifolia leaves extract. This method has been optimized and validated for specificity, accuracy, precision, limit of quantification (LOQ), and linearity. The correlation coefficients (r²) for the calibration curves exceeded 0.9962. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were 0.3012 and 0.9128 μg/mL for chlorogenic acid, 0.1182 and 0.3582 μg/mL for isochlorogenic acid A, and 0.2342 and 0.7098 μg/mL for 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, respectively. The net recovery rates for accuracy testing were 105.13% for chlorogenic acid, 105.37% for isochlorogenic acid A, and 100.37% for 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid. All parameters assessed with this newly developed method fell within the acceptable ranges specified by ICH guidelines. These findings demonstrate that the method is robust and reliable for accurately identifying and quantifying chlorogenic acid, isochlorogenic acid A, and 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid in both routine analysis and large-scale extraction process of A. acerifolia leaves.

본 연구는 영유아교사의 근무환경과 이직의도 관계를 알아보고 감정노동이 이 두 변수를 조절하는지 확인하는 데 목적이 있다. 연구를 위해 영유아교사 199명을 대상으로 빈도분석, 기술통계분석, 상관분석을 실시하였으며, 인구통계학적 주요변인의 차이검증을 위해 t-검증 (t-test) 및 일원분산분석(one-way ANOVA)을 실시하였다. 또한 감정노동 조절효과 검증을 위해 위계적 회귀분석과 단순기울기 분석을 적용하였다. 분석 결과, 근무환경의 하위 변인들은 감정노동의 내면적 행동에는 정적 상관관계를, 이직의도에는 부적 상관관계를 보여주었다. 영 유아 교사들의 감정노동은 표면적 행동과 내면적 행동에 정적 상관관계로 나타났으며 감정노 동의 표면적 행동은 이직의도와 정적 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 낮은 물리적 환경과 대인관계에 기반 한 감정노동은 이직의도를 유도하지만 반면 감정노동은 근무환경과 이직의 도 간의 조절요인으로 작용하였다. 근무환경의 개선방안으로 영유아교사의 업무에 대한 코칭 개입 방법은 궁극적으로 이들의 이직의도를 낮추는 효과적인 방안일 수 있다. 즉 정서적인 지 지를 통해 스트레스적인 근무 환경을 정서 안정적이고 긍정적인 환경으로 변경하고, 물리적으 로 교재․교구비 지원, 근로시간 보장, 처우 개선을 통해 영유아 교사들의 근무환경에 대한 만족도를 높이는 것이 요구된다. 본 연구는 궁극적으로 코칭기법을 중심으로 교사 심리 상담 과 같은 정서적 지원프로그램을 제공하여 그들의 이직의도를 낮추는 방안을 제언한다.