본 연구는 성남시 분당구에 위치한 중앙공원과 불곡산에 이르는 중심녹지축의 연결로 Ecobridge지역의 생태적 공간조성을 목적으로 야생조루종조성, 식물군집구조분석을 실시하였다. 야생조루종조성분석 결과 Ecobridge 지역에서는 까치, 박새, 참새 3종 23개체만이 출현하였고 중앙공원 산림에서는 3종과 꾀꼬리, 제비 5종 37개체가 출현하였다. 자연환경이 양호한 불곡산에서는 15종 72개체가 출현하였다. 식물군집구조분석 결과 중앙공원과 불곡산 산림은 리기다소나무, 잣나무 등을 식재한 인공림과 신갈나무, 졸참나무, 상수리나무 등 참나무류를 중심으로 형성된 자연림, 인공림에서 참나무류로의 2차천이가 일어나고 있는 반자연림으로 나뉘어졌다. Ecobridge지역은 아교목층이 형성되지 않은 교목층 위주의 단순식생으로 지역주민의 이동공간으로 이용되고 있었다. 종다양성은 불곡산 산림→ 중앙공원 산림→Ecobridge지역순으로 낮은 값을 보였고, 유사도지수를 나타내었다. 따라서 생태적인 공간조성에 있어 종다양성이 높은 불곡산의 다층적인 식생구조를 도입하는 것이 타당하다고 판단되었다.

This study is to analyze the geometrical composition system for the plan of S. Pietro by Michelangelo. In the result of study, the plan is based on the geometrical elements of circle square cross, and shaped to symbolize the Universe which consists of the Heaven the Earth the Man. The plan is constituted of the conception of composition into hierarchy and repetition intersecting 45 degree the same sized square with inscribed square in a circle. Such the geometrical composition system can be found out a large number of example to the geometrical composition of architecture and city planning from Vitruvius to Bramante and Da Vinci. This plan is disposed in balance as the regularly proportional system of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, which is formed the principal space. And the interior space is constituted of the organic space system, expanding to the direction of horizontal, vertical(ascension), development for primary space and secondary space with center in the geometric composition system of altar.

A few archeological excavation of Buddhist temple sites of Koguryo were reported with information of site arrangement. The interpretation of such information is very important not only for the explanation of Korea early Buddhist architecture but also for the development of East Asian cases in general since no archeological evidences of the same period were found in other countries such as China. Though the investigation of the four temple sites this paper attempt to identify their date of construction and the process of change. The study depended much on comparative studies of the change of site elements such as pagoda, image hall., corridor, and other buildings. The study could conclude that the site of SangO-Ri must be the earliest case which was followed by ChungRung-Sa, which was built in around 427AD. The site of ToSung-Ri was the case which was the work of the rate 5th century. Such process of the development of Buddhist architecture in Koguryo unveils the fact that the process of change was a continuous flow toward a consistent goal of change that had much to do with the contemporary religious situation.

Near the Capital Seoul in 19th century, a special architectural form was created by the Buddhist monks who were related with Royal families. Their temples, so called 'won-dang', were constructed as supplicating places for their patrons' happiness and heavenly bliss. Among buildings of a Won-dang temple, 'Great Hall', which was accepted as a new building type, was the most important, the earliest constructed, and the biggest one. This boiling type contained the complex functions of small chaples, living rooms of monks, kitchen and dining, and pilotied pavillions. This Great Hall was located at the front of Won-dang temples, the main worship halls were at the behind. The type of Won-dang was needed for the high female who were its powerful patrons, and was oliginated from the small Buddhist temples in rural areas. And the type was able to be domiciled itself at the Capital areas because of the existing architectural fondness of the regional architects and the patrons in high class.

This study is concerned with developing a heuristic algorithm for solving a class of ninlinear integer programs(NLIP). Exact algrithm for solving a NLIP either may not exist, or may take an unrealistically large amount of computing time. This study develops a new heuristic, the Excursion Algorithm(EA), for solving a class of NLIP's. It turns out that excursions over a bounded feasible and/or infeasible region is effective in alleviation the risks of being trapped at a lical optimum. The developed EA is applied to the redundancy optimization problems for improving the system safety, and is compared with other existing heuristic methods. We also include simulated annealing(SA) method in the comparision experiment due to ist populatrity for solving complex combinatorial problems. Computational results indicate that the proposed EA performs consistently better than the other in terms of solution quality, with moderate increase in computing time. Therefore, the proposed EA is believed to be an attractive alternative to other heuristic methods.