This paper describes a preliminary ship design optimal design method in the process of hull form design. In the deterministic approach, an interdisciplinary ship design method integrates principal dimension decisions and hull form variations in the preliminary ship design stage. Integrated ship design, as presented in this paper, has the distinctive feature that these parameters are evaluated simultaneously. Conversely, in sequential design, which is based on the traditional preliminary ship design process, hull form designs and principal dimension decisions are determined separately and sequentially. The current study adopts the first method to enhance the design quality in the early design stage.

The various hydraulic equipments including main control valves are composed of relatively long replacement parts, so the stability is very important. These systems ensure system safety by not delivering pressure to actuators when pressure exceeds the limiting pressure. According to various hydraulic equipments, the required pressure of every hydraulic actuators are differenced. So the optimal design of the main valve is indeed needed. In the previous study, the detail shapes and the boundary conditions of the main control valve were studied by CFD analysis using FLUENT. Based on the previous study, the optimal design of the main control valve is done by applying the parametric modeling technique and then the optimum design of the main control valve is investigated by CFD analysis.

Recently, the robotic hand sector is widely utilized throughout the entire machine industry, where gripping mechanism is gradually becoming more complex and standardized. In this study, studies were conducted to hold irregular, unstructured objects with simpler, more manageable operating principles based on compliant mechanics. In fact, it used the principle of buckling which is not commonly used in mechanical design to provide stable grasping force without giving any damage to objects with uncertain magnitude and rigidity. By using CFM(constant force mechanism) based on the principle of buckling, the force of the object and the contact surface is fixed evenly across the segments, providing a stable grasping force to the object. Also, a bar that serves as a linear guide prevents the hand from buckling to unwanted direction gives elaboration to the hand. With a simpler principle, the lower unit price and higher applicability, there is little friction in the mechanism, and it focused on creating a lightweight hand, which have significance for about 90% of excellent gripping performance.

On November 15, 2017, Pohang earthquake occurred. Its local magnitude was announced to be ML=5.4 by Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA). Ground motion data recorded at KMA stations were obtained from their data bases. From the data, horizontal and vertical response spectra, and V/H ratio were calculated. The horizontal spectra were defined as GMRotI50 spectra. From the statistical analysis of the GMRotI50 spectra, a mean plus one standard deviation spectrum in lognormal distribution is obtained. Regression analysis is performed on this curve to determine the shape of spectrum including transition periods. Applying the same procedure, the shape and transition periods of vertical spectrum were obtained. These results were compared with the Korean standard design spectra, which were developed from domestic and overseas intra-plate earthquake records, and Gyeongju earthquake response spectra. The response spectra of Pohang earthquake were found to be almost identical with the newly proposed design spectra. Even the V/H ratios showed good agreement. These results confirmed that the method adopted when developing the standard design spectra were valid and the developed design spectra were reliable.

본 논문에서는 페이즈필드 설계법 기반의 피로 제약 조건 구조물의 위상최적설계를 수행하였다. 페이즈필드 설계법의 도입으로 기존의 위상최적설계법에서 발생하기 쉬운 중간 영역의 크기를 크게 감소시켰다. 수정된 upper bound P-norm의 도입으로 모든 지점의 응력 성분을 고려하면서, 전역적 응력값이 국부적 최대 응력값과 근사한 값을 가질 수 있도록 설정하였다. 또한 기존의 피로 파괴 제약 조건 위상최적설계에서 다루지 않았던 응력 수정 계수에 대한 고려를 위하여 위상최적설계 결과물의 1차 주응력 성분을 고려하여 응력 수정 계수를 도입하고 이에 따라 허용 응력 진폭 값을 수정 하였다. 이를 통하여 인장 응력으로 인한 내구 한도 감소 요인을 반영한 체계적인 설계 방안을 제시하였다.

Construction of irregular-shaped concrete structures requires a lot of time and money. To reduce the cost and time, the F3D(Free-Form Formwork 3D Printer) technology was adopted in manufacturing EPS(Expanded Polystyrene) formwork for irregular-shaped concrete structure. To design EPS formwork precisely, lateral pressure acting on irregular-shaped formwork and deformation of EPS form liner should be evaluated. However, in current Korean formwork standard, there are no standards for irregular-shaped formwork as it includes a lot of complex variables. For this reason, several researchers developed 3-dimensional finite element analysis model to calculate lateral pressure exerted by fresh concrete. In this study, deformation of irregular-shaped EPS formwork and lateral pressure acting on formwork was examined using finite element analysis model.

기존의 한방향 펌프는 순환과 배수를 위해 각각의 모터를 사용하지만, 양방향 펌프는 하나의 모터로 모터의 회전 방향에 따라 배수와 순환이 모두 가능하므로 원가절감이 가능하다. 하지만 양방향 펌프는 배수와 순환 시 펌프 케이싱 내부에서 역류와 흡입이 발생하여 유입된 물이 각각 배출구와 순환구로 원활하게 유출되지 못하는 단점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 주효과 분석을 통해 배출과 순환 시 유출되는 유량과 토크에 주요한 영향을 미치는 인자를 설계변수로 선택하여 실험계획법, 근사 모델, 그리고 최적설계를 통해 펌프 케이싱 형상을 최적화함으로써 역류와 흡입은 개선하고 펌프의 토크 대비 배출구와 순환구의 유량을 증가시키는 효과를 거두었다.

PURPOSES : This study aims to survey and analyze the status of the design and completion documents output delivery system in public construction projects in order to assess the problems of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (MOLIT)'s electronic delivery system, with a focus on roads and rivers, and to offer improvement measures. METHODS: This study first surveys and analyzes laws and existing study trends with regard to the design and completion documents output delivery system in public construction projects. It further analyzes the status of the output delivery system in public construction projects, including roads, rivers, expressways, water resources, and railroads. In addition, a comparative analysis of the current electronic delivery system of MOLIT and Korea Expressway Corporation in the road field is conducted, and the problems and improvement measures for MOLIT's electronic output delivery system are presented. This study seeks to analyze problems and prepare improvement measures with regard to road and river public construction projects, as ordered by MOLIT’s five regional offices. RESULTS: This study sought to prepare the electronic output delivery system with regard to public construction projects and present the analysis of its major problems and improvement measures in four categories: “the preparation of electronic design documents output delivery system improvement measures including inspection and delivery,”“preparation of guidelines, systems, etc., concerning electronic design documents,”“preparation of improvement measures for the construction project management system and electronic design document support tools”, and “linking of MOLIT's electronic output delivery system with relevant agencies and the expansion thereof to local governments.” CONCLUSIONS : This study analyzed the current status and problems of the MOLIT's electronic output delivery system in the field of road and river construction projects, and presented corresponding improvement measures. This study is expected to address the problems of the MOLIT's electronic output delivery system, and to provide the foundation for the preparation of an efficient electronic output delivery system for design and completion documents. In addition, this study is expected to boost the quality and utilization of the electronic design documents output, and to exchange, share, and link construction information among relevant agencies so as to prepare the foundation for sharing construction information.

The purpose of this study is to compare and evaluate the safety of the facility using the Abaqus finite element analysis program according to the material characteristics like steel and GFRP.

PURPOSES: In this study, design elements of rest areas for drowsy drivers are classified and appropriate criteria for each design element are presented. METHODS : By comparing and analyzing the design criteria for rest areas, the most appropriate installation criteria were suggested by considering the driving patterns of rest area users. RESULTS: As a result of the study, elements influencing the design of rest areas for drowsy drivers are suggested such as installation location and installation type. In addition, proper separation distance between resting areas was suggested considering vehicle flow, users’fatigue and physiological needs. Other criteria for rest areas were also suggested. CONCLUSIONS : Proper safety facilities were not installed in rest areas because appropriate criteria were not established. In this study, design elements were derived and installation criteria were designed so that rest areas could be used safely and conveniently.

With the development of industrial technology and science, production and manufacturing facilities have been enhanced and improved, and the importance of the safety of workers has also been regulated and limited by various safety management methods. As a way to secure the safety of the workers from the production facility, the fail-safe and fool-proof methods are now being applied. Any possible insecure behavior and unsafe conditions can be removed by adopting the standards and specifications that are now secure the safety of workers and equipment. This research analyzes EN ISO 13849-1 international and European standards during CE certification. In order to secure acceptable reduced risks, the risk assessment process of ISO 12100 and the processes for reducing its risk are applied. In the current ISO 13849-1 standard, the criteria for the required performance level PLr (Required Performance Level) for the applicable risk and safety functions through the risk assessment are subjective and not subdivided. Therefore, the evaluation criteria are likely to cause judge’s judgement error due to qualitative judgement. This research focuses on evaluation and acceptable performance level setting for the safety circuit of the equipment. We propose an objective and specific evaluation criteria to secure safety, and the proposed evaluation criteria are applied to the case study of the safety circuit for the equipment. In order to secure the safety of the entire safety circuit, the improvement of the MTTFd and DC level related to the SRP/CS (Safety-Related Parts of Control Systems)’ lifetime is required for the future research.

Construction techniques and materials are developing and structures are designed to be irregular shaped, and therefore more detailed structural analysis is required. The purpose of this study is to analyze the cause of accidents related to falsework systems during construction and discuss prevention methods in order to prevent accidents relate to prefabricated shoring system during construction. In this paper structural analysis was conducted to study the influence of slab irregularity on system supports and analysis to investigate the participation of the bracing in the system support.

오늘날, 의학발달과 생활수준 향상으로 평균 수명이 연장되었으나 노인성 질환은 증가되었다. 노인성 질환이 라고 알려져 있는 대표적인 질환은 치매라고 볼 수 있으나 현대에는 노인뿐 아니라 젊은 층도 치매에서 완전히 벗어날 수 없는 실정이다. 치매는 노화에 따른 뇌 단백질의 변화 및 전두엽의 위축으로 새로운 문제 해결 능력, 문제 처리속도, 기억력 등이 점차 감소됨에 따라오는 질병으로 현존하는 치매 치료제로는 증상완화가 불분명하며 이를 대체할 수 있는 연구가 시급하다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 두뇌 활성화를 통한 인지능력 향상을 기반으로 뇌기능 향상에 도움이 되고자하며 두뇌 훈련 기능성게임을 설계 및 구현하고자 한다. 구현된 기능성 게임은 뇌파측정을 통하여 두뇌 활성화 훈련의 효과성을 검증하고 평가하는 것에 본 논문의 목적이 있다.

본 연구에서는 정치관련 이슈정보에 대해 기초적인 게임메커닉스를 활용하여 정치인(정당)을 평가하는 블 록제인 기반의 게이미피케이션 시스템과 방법을 제안하고자 한다. 게이미피케이션은 플레이어들의 자발적 참여와 문제해결을 위해 게임적사고와 게임메커닉스(순위표, 점수, 단계, 가상증표, 아이템 등)를 적용하는 개념 이다. 게이미피케이션 연구에서 '플레이어'는 사용자, 관객, 고객, 손님, 구매자, 학습자, 환자, 군인 등을 포괄하므로, 이 논문에서 플레이어는 유권자(혹은 투표자)를 말하고, 이 표현들은 같은 의미로 병기하였다. 게이미피 케이션의 이론배경은 '게임요소'나 MDA프레임워크(게임메커닉스,게임역학,게임미학) 등의 '게임학 연구'를 기반 으로 한다. 이 논문에서는 효율적인 연구를 위해, 우선 기초적인 게임메커닉스만을 정치인(정당)의 성공적인 평가 시스템에 적용하였다. 정치인(정당) 평가에 게이미피케이션를 적용하려는 주목적은, 유권자(투표자)의 자 발적 정치참여를 독려하기 위함이며, 이 논문에서 제안하는 시스템과 방법이 적용된 이슈정보는 더 유익한 플 레이어 경험(PX) 창출에 도움을 줄 것이다. 끝으로, 본 정치 평가 인터렉티브 게임화 시스템과 방법 연구는, 보 안에 취약할 수밖에 없는 웹 또는 앱서비스의 한계를 보완하고자 블록체인을 기반으로 신뢰도를 높이고자 하였다.

미디어는 각각 다른 특징을 가진 스토리텔링을 가지고있다. 그 중에서, 게임의 스토리텔링은 비선형적으로, 유저가 스토리에 개입할 수 있는 상호작용이 있다는 점에서 다른 매체의 스토리텔 링과 다르다. 이렇듯 사용자가 스토리에 참여하여 다양하게 전개될 수 있는 스토리텔링을 인터랙 티브 스토리텔링이라 한다. 이러한 스토리텔링은 사용자가 스토리에 참여함으로써 스토리에 더 깊은 몰입감을 느낄 수 있게 된다. 다만 이런 비선형적인 스토리는 사용자에게 자유도를 느낄 수 있게 하지만 사용자의 참여에 따라 스토리가 달라지기 때문에 스토리에 일관성을 유지하기 어렵다. 때문에 자유도와 일관성을 적절히 충족시키기 위해 많은 연구들이 있었으며, 대표적으로 게 임에선 조건 기반 분기 서술방식을 이용하고 있다. 하지만 이런 방식은 스토리 속 사건을 분기에 따라 나누는 사건 중심의 스토리텔링을 기반으로 하기 때문에 캐릭터를 강조하기 위한 캐릭터 중심의 스토리텔링엔 맞지 않다. 본 연구에서는 사건 중심의 분기 서술 방식이 아닌 캐릭터 중심 의 인터랙티브 스토리텔링 저작도구를 제작하고 동화 "선녀와 나무꾼"을 기반으로 한 게임에 적 용해보아 스토리가 어떻게 이어지는지, 스토리 제작할 때 유용한지 실험할 것이다.

본 연구에서는 페이즈필드 설계법을 통한 다중 유전체로 구성된 콜리메이터 구조를 설계하였다. 제작 가능성을 고려하여 폴리프로필렌과 파라핀을 유전체 재질로 선정하였고, 측정영역의 전기장의 세기의 면적분으로 계산하여 이를 최대화하는 것 으로 설계의 목적 함수를 설정하였다. 두 가지 유전체 재질을 이용하여 설계영역 내의 중공영역이 배제된 구조를 도출하였 으며 컷오프를 통해 최종 형상을 모델링하였다. 수치해석을 통하여 설계된 다중 유전체 구조의 콜리메이터를 이용하는 경우 자유공간 내의 원형 전자기파 대비 측정영역에서 105%의 전기장 세기가 증가된 평행파를 생성하는 콜리메이터의 성능을 확인하였다. 설계된 모델의 수치해석을 통하여 콜리메이터의 역변환 가능성과 구조적 내구성의 증가를 확인하였고, X밴드 대역 전체에서의 성능을 평가하였다.

The subway is a common transportation system accessed by over 8 million people on a daily basis in Metropolitan Seoul area. The subway ventilation system located on a street occupies a large area of walkways which cause inconvenience to the public. In this paper, approaches to reduce the ventilation sitting area on the pathway are examined. 5 different preliminary models of ventilation systems are analyzed to minimize the pathway obstacle area such that the public may have an easy access to pass by on the street. The amount of the air ventilation is predicted using the CFD software to ensure an efficient ventilation. The ventilation performance is verified by theory and numerical analysis. The result shows that one of the proposed model combined with the hybrid ventilation satisfies the regulation requirement of the air quantities. We may conclude that the proposed ventilation design provides a smooth walking environment to the public while the ventilation volume is maintained to the existing ventilation system with no modification of the current ventilation holes and structures.