At present, the social development speed is getting faster and faster, and the construction speed of many industries is gradually rapid, and excellent results have been achieved. Under the strategic background of the “Belt and Road” initiative, logistics trade has entered a more critical period of development, obtaining more opportunities and platforms, but also facing more challenges, which requires logistics trade enterprises to do more exploration and research. Maintain the status quo of steady operation of logistics trade. This paper explores the development path of logistics trade under the background of “Belt and Road” initiative, hoping to maintain a good situation of logistics trade.

With the change of industrial structure and the advancement of industrialization process in developing countries, product trade has become an important industrial trade between developing countries and developed countries. The level of trade has also become an important indicator to measure a country’s economic development and industrialization level. The development of international trade in the new era has also entered a new stage. Trade is an important part of a country’s economic development, especially the trade of cultural products under the background of modern society. With the official signing of the China-South Korea Free Trade Agreement on June 1, 2015, China and South Korea officially completed the system design of the construction of the China-South Korea free trade area and will soon enter the implementation stage. In order to better realize the great goal of “China and South Korea linkage the world, opening up and creating prosperity”, it was very necessary to explore the development trend of cultural product trade. The following part of this paper mainly focuses on the development of cultural product trade between China and South Korea in the new era.

In the past ten years, the trade between China and South Korea has developed significantly, and there have also been corresponding progress in environmental protection, tourism, etc., which makes the economic and trade development prospects between the two countries bright. Since the financial crisis in 2008, the growth rate of the global economy has relatively slowed down, while the trade cooperation between China and South Korea has been further expanded. the trade cooperation has positive and progressive significance for the economic development of both countries. However, the current spread of protectionism between China and South Korea in trade has led to the gradual intensification of market competition, coupled with historical factors and other reasons, which have greatly affected the healthy development of trade between the two countries. Therefore, this paper mainly studies the economic effects between China and South Korea from the perspective of global value chain.

This study develops the model to estimate the links between social capital, social entrepreneurial self-efficacy, perceived desirability and social entrepreneurial intention. Besides exploring the direct impacts of social capital, social entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and perceived desirability on social entrepreneurial intention, this study also focus on discovering the mediating roles of perceived desirability and social entrepreneurial self-efficacy on this relationship. Throughout adopting measures from some previous studies, the authors design the questionnaires and distribute to students in Vietnam. The study presents some demographic information of 289 students, who are studying at university and colleges in Vietnam. Then, the validity and reliability of scales are assessed using the value of Cronbach’s alpha, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). In addition, by utilizing the structural modeling structure (SEM), the authors show that social capital plays the important role in shaping social entrepreneurial self-efficacy, perceived desirability, and social entrepreneurial intention. Interestingly, besides the direct effects on social entrepreneurial intention, perceived desirability and social entrepreneurial self-efficacy also mediate the correlation between social capital and social entrepreneurial intention. Also, with the interesting findings of the study, the authors propose several recommendations for policy-makers, educators and academics to promote the social entrepreneurship and innovation among Vietnamese students.

Suzhou Taohuawu Year Painting is one of the four major Year Paintings in China, which is a symbol of Jiangnan urban Year Painting. During the past years, it experienced fire in Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, Cultural Revolution and the impact when offset printing replaced traditional woodcut Year Painting, covered all over with scars. Trying to start from the history of Year Painting, this article analyzes the difficulties in inheritance and innovation of Taohuawu, interprets the evolution of Taohuawu Year Painting from style, theme, skills, etc. Taohuawu Year Painting is a development hi-story of Year Painting, also a reflection of cultural development in Suzhou.

The research aims to investigate the impact levels of determinants on the loyalty of accountants to FDI firms underlying investment management in Thanglong Industrial Park in Hanoi, Vietnam. We conducted a questionnaire consisting of 31 observation variables with a 5-point Likert scale. Independent variables were measured from 1 “without effect” to 5 “strongly”. The method of data collection was done through the survey and subjects are accountants in FDI firms doing business in Thanglong Industrial Park in Hanoi. After checking the information on the votes, there are 120 questionnaires with full information for data entry and analysis, This study employs Cronbach‟s Alpha test, and regression model. The results show that seven determinants including Working environment, The characteristics of working; Training, promotion prospects and development; Income, Personal characteristic, Collective work together and The method of leading had positive relationships with the loyalty of accountants. Based on the findings, some recommendations are given related to such determinants to improve the loyalty of accountants of FDI firms in general and FDI firms in Thanglong Industrial Park in Hanoi in particular. With which, those firms can enhance performance, reduce financial strain, saving on investment in the recruiting process of new staff, increase profitability to ensure investment management.

As an important carrier of cultural output, film and television can clearly show a country's ideology and regional characteristics. Over the years, south Korean films have been playing an increasingly important role in the world film and television due to their unique cultural background and ideological connotation.Inspired by culture and relying on film as a form of cultural communication, it has exerted a significant influence in the world. Based on the Confucian culture in the application of the south Korean film and television, the research systematically analyzes the theme and core values of Korean film works, and interprets the successful experience of Korean film works under the influence of Confucian culture. The author summarizes the problems in the expression of the core values of society in Chinese films and comes up with straegies to promote the development and dissemination of the film and television industry and the core values of society.

The Sogdian Merchants were the undertakers of international trade on the Land Silk Road in the Middle Ages, and their business footprints spread all over Eurasia. The ancient trading currency of Sogdian Merchants is a key to study the trading history of the region and the entire Silk Road. Although the economic strength of Sogdiana was strong, the country was very weak and had been controlled by the powerful forces around it. Sogdian Merchants wanted to use large amounts of currency for exchanging activities in countries along the Silk Road, they must imitate the currency of the powerful countries that controlled the Silk Road or even use their currencies directly to meet the needs of long-distance transshipment trade. Most scholars agreed that the Persian Sassanian silver coins used to be the currency of circulation along the Silk Road. Whether the main purpose of the unearthed Byzantine gold coins was to act as circulating currencies on the Silk Road at that time, there is still a great controversy.

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of online game properties, social interaction, and player satisfaction on intention to online games in Chinese gamers. Research design, data, and methodology - This study is an empirical analysis assuming that properties of online games, social interaction and satisfaction will induce Chinese gamers' intention to play online games. We set the relationship between the six variables as follows. First, the properties of online games, exogenous variables, were identified by three factors: entertainment, security, participation and challenge. Second, we had input social interaction among gamers as another exogenous variables. Third, the gamer's satisfaction of online games was added to the research model as a mediating variable between exogenous variables and endogenous variables. Finally, gamer's intention to play influenced by satisfaction and social interaction was used as final endogenous variable. The data used for the empirical analysis were collected through questionnaires for Chinese under age 35 who enjoy the online games. The data used in the research were finally extracted from 195 questionnaires. The collected data were tested through the analysis of the measurement model (Step 1) and the analysis of the structural model (Step 2). The covariance structure equation model (SEM) was used for the analysis. The measurement model and structural model were evaluated by the maximum likelihood method. Results - The results of the empirical analysis are as follows. The satisfaction of online games were entertainment and security had a significant effect to satisfaction; but participation and challenge and social interaction had no significant effect on satisfaction. The social interaction among gamers and the satisfaction with online games have a significant influence on the intention to play online games. As a result, the attributes of the game were affecting the intention to play the game after satisfaction. Social interaction influenced the intention to play online games rather than satisfaction itself. Conclusions - This study provide some practical implications for the new companies who want to enter the online game industry and seek to competitiveness in China, and provide theoretical implications on the role of interaction among gamers in the study of online games.

Purpose - Present study investigates character identification and emotional response to character that may affect consumers' intention to purchase the character-attached products. And this study explores whether symbolic relevance and object relevance affect the character identification, and whether character attractiveness and character salience affect the emotional response to characters. Research design, data, and methodology - SNS characters, animated characters, game characters, and traditional characters were used as experimental characters. And stationery as experimental product was used. 250 college students participated in the empirical study, and structural equation model was used to verify hypotheses. Results - First, the character identification and emotional response to characters affected the intention to purchase the products positively, and the emotional response to characters also positively affected character identification; second, symbolic relevance had no positive impact upon character identification, while object relevance had positive influence on character identification; and third, character attractiveness and salience had a positive effect on the emotional response. Conclusions - Present study contributes to the progress of character theories. Marketers should find ways to increase consumers’ object relevance to characters and the level of characters' attractiveness and salience in order to promote the intent to purchase the products.

본 논문은 모국어 습득의 연구 성과를 이용하여 문법번역과 직업번역 간의 구별을 검토하였다. 문법번역은 외국어 습득에 있어서 학습을 보조하는 도구이다. 하지만, 직업번역은 두 언어 사이에서 교제하는 도구이다. 이 두 가지 다른 성질을 가지는 번역 사이에서 대응 관계와 모국어 습득은 발전 단계상 유사점이 있다. 언어 습득 및 번역 기능 습득을 이해하는 과정은 학생 번역자에게 이성적으로 번역 전략을 운용하여 문제를 해결하는 능력을 양성하는 데 도움이 된다.

Vessel Traffic Services (VTS) textbooks should adhere as closely as possible to the Standard Marine Communication Phrases (SMCP) set by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). The purpose of the present paper is to examine English linguistic features in VTS textbooks used in China and Korea in comparison with the SMCP in order to determine the degree to which these textbooks adopt and utilize the SMCP. Textbooks used by VTS operators in China and Korea and the SMCP were separately edited and compiled into corpora. In analyzing the data, both quantitative and qualitative approaches were adopted. Software WordSmith 5.0 was utilized to retrieve statistical information and concordance samples. The findings show that the lexico-grammatical patterns in the Chinese and Korean VTS textbooks generally deviate from the formulas of SMCP. The results of the study are expected to help in the design of VTS textbooks and to standardize Maritime English.

POST-TENSIONING GROUT PROBLEMS Bonded post-tensioned structures are at increased risk of corrosion and failure of the tendons when there are defects in the installed grout. The most common grout problems (defects) include: • Voids: Voids are common at high points of tendon ducts as a result of grout bleeding and inadequate grouting. Standard cement/water grout has typically produced grout with 3 to 5% bleed. • Chloride contaminated grout: Chloride contamination may result from the use of chloride contaminated grout or mixing water or the long-term exposure of the structure to marine environments or de-icing salts. • Soft grout: Soft grout may be created if excessive water is added during grout mixing, and wick induced bleeding causes localized grout with high water-cement ratio. THE SOLUTION The Post-Tech PTI Impregnation system has been developed to mitigate corrosion caused by these problems. The system utilizes the interstitial spaces between the wires of each strand in a multi-strand tendon to deliver (transfer) a unique corrosion inhibiting, impregnation material along the length of the cable. The impregnation material seeps between the wires of the strands to impregnate the surrounding grout or concrete. The impregnation material is designed to form a corrosion-resistant film on any exposed steel surfaces such as steel strands which are exposed in grout voids, and to make the grout more corrosion and moisture resistant. Laboratory Confirmation Laboratory confirmation was completed on tendon specimens provided by one DOT and grouted “lollipop” samples. The tendon specimens provided to Vector were sections of external tendons which had been removed from an existing bridge. Lolipop samples comprised a single strand section which was centrally grouted in a cylindrical block of prepackaged PT grout. Laboratory testing confirmed the ability of the impregnation material to travel along the length of the specimen, to soak into the grout surroundingthe strands and to pass from strand to strand across the cross-section of a grouted tendon. Accelerated laboratory testing also confirmed the ability of the impregnation process to reduce corrosion by over 90%. Field Demonstration and case study The demonstration project was completed on external tendons in a box girder bridge in Jacksonville, FL (I-95 / I-295 Interchange). The demonstration project verified the capability of impregnating the full length of 256’ and 205’ grouted tendons from end anchorage locations, the capability of impregnating up to 100’ in each direction from a mid-point location, and the capability of the impregnation material to penetrate the grout adjacent to the strand. FDOT has implemented PTI Impregnation on the tendons of I-4 Connector in which soft grout was found. All selected tendons were successfully impregnated. Free water/moisture was pushed out of the tendons during the impregnating process. CONCLUSIONS Laboratory testing confirmed the ability of the impregnation material to travel along the length of the specimen, to soak into the grout surrounding a strand and to reduce corrosion by over 90% when exposed in an accelerated corrosion cell. Field demonstration at the I-95/295 Interchange in Jacksonville, Florida and Implementation on I-4 Connector in Tampa, Florida has demonstrated the following: • All strands of 256’ long grouted tendons can be impregnated full-length from an end anchorage location, • Impregnation material can flow up to 100’ in each direction from a mid-point location,. • Impregnation material can penetrate grout adjacent to a grouted strand, and • Free water/moisture can be pushed out of the tendons during the impregnation process.

Corrosion of reinforcing steel leading to structural deterioration and failure of reinforced concrete structures is a serious problem for port and highway agencies, and facility owners. Galvanic anodes have been used to extend the service lives of concrete structures since late 1990s. Embedded Zinc sacrificial anodes have been included in patch repairs of steel reinforced concrete structural elements suffering from corrosion since the mid-nineties. The anodes installed in a UK bridge in 1999 have been monitored, and 10-year data monitored data will be discussed. Galvanic anodes have been used widely in patch repair since then. Recognizing the inadequate monitoring of impressed current cathodic protection that will make it in-effective, distributed galvanic anodes were developed in early 2000s to address the global corrosion issues in concrete structures. Many departments of Transportation (DOTs) and Ministries of Transportation tried and monitored the anodes initially for a few years and considered the trials successes, and have widely used galvanic anodes in bridge decks, abutments, pile jackets and marine structures since then. This paper introduces different levels of corrosion protection offered by galvanic anodes and the various galvanic anode systems used in concrete structures. Various applications of the galvanic systems to extended service lives of concrete structures are presented.

Enhancing yield has been a major challenge of agriculture. In rice, tiller number is one of the important biomass and yield components. A maize mutant grassy tillers1 (gt1) increases lateral branches in maize. The GT1 gene encodes a class I homeodomain leucine zipper (HD-Zip) protein. In maize, the gt1 expression is induced by shading and is dependent on the activity of teosinte branched1 (tb1), a major domestication locus controlling tillering and lateral branching. To estimate the biological role and agricultural utility of gt1 in rice, rice homologue (OsGT1) has been isolated and its overexpressors and RNAi lines were generated. Field data showed that OsGT1 overexpressors reduced tillers and panicles while RNAi lines increased them, compared to wild type. Shade signal is an important factor in determining lateral branching. To understand the relationship between OsGT1 and shade avoidance, plants have been grown under 50% shading in the field. Also, double genetic combinations with phytochrome mutants (phyA, B, and C) are being examining for tillering phenotype. These ongoing researches will provide insights in determining the action of OsGT1 on branching and shade avoidance in rice.

To study the value-relevance of accounting information for business combinations in Chinese capital market, this paper uses Ohlson(1995) residual income valuation model to empirically examine the correlation among the enterprise stock price, consolidated earnings, consolidated book values, goodwill and earnings of combined party that have been realized prior to the combination. Empirical results show that the value-relevance of accounting information for purchase combinations is higher than that for pooling combinations, and accounting method employed is one of the important reasons. Furthermore, we put forward some corresponding policy recommendations to improve the value-relevance of accounting information for pooling combinations.

Environmental stresses including drought, extreme temperatures, and high salinity are major factors that severely limit crop productivity worldwide. To overcome yield loss due to these environmental stresses, a large number of researches have been conducted to understand how plants respond to and adapt these environmental stresses. Posttranscriptional regulation as well as transcriptional regulation of gene expression is recognized as a key regulatory process in plant stress responses, and these cellular processes are regulated by diverse RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). Over the last years, we have extensively investigated the functional roles of RBPs that harbor an RNA-recognition motif at the N-terminal half and a glycine-rich region at the C-terminal half (glycine-rich RNA-binding proteins, GRPs), zinc finger-containing GRP, and cold shock domain proteins (CSDPs) in Arabidopsis thaliana, rice (Oryza sativa), wheat (Triticum aestivum), and rapeseed (Brasicca napus) under stress conditions. Our comparative analysis demonstrated that certain family members display RNA chaperone function during stress adaptation process in monocotyledonous plants as well as in dicotyledonous plants. These findings point to the importance of the regulation of mRNA metabolism in plant response to environmental stresses and shed new light on the practical application of these RBPs to develop stress-tolerant transgenic crops.

We investigated genetic diversity among and within the populations of cultivated ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer ) using SRAP profiles. A total of 24 ginseng plants were sampled from the three populations (two from China, one from Korea). Since all these populations are previously shown closely related to each other assister groups, we used Panax quinquefolium L. and wild ginseng as a reference species, which is not "within the sister group". All individuals from the three populations were screened with a total of 36 primer pairs with 26 primers generated from 328 SRAP bands of DNA gels. The mean gene diversity (HE) was estimated to be 0.057 within populations (range 0.032-0.067), and 0.086 at the species level. The genetic differentiation (Gst=0.31) indicates that genetic variation apportioned 30% among populations and 70% within populations. Generally, the result of this study indicates that ginseng contains high molecular variation in its populations.

버섯유래 생리활성물질을 탐색하고자, 젖버섯아재비 자실체로부터 각종 컬럼크로마토그래피 및 HPLC 등 기법에 의하여 4종의 azulene계 화합물을 순수히 분리정제 하였다. 분리된 화합물은 각종 물리화학적 특성 및 분광학적 분석자료에 의하여 1-formyl-4-methyl-7-isopropyl azulene (1), lactaroviolin (2), 4-methyl-7-isopropyl-azulene-1-carboxylic acid (3) 및 1-formyl-4-methyl-7-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl) azulene (4)로 동정되었다. 이들 화합물의 인터페론 감마 생성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 화합물 1과 4는 자연살해세포주(NK92 cell)에서 인터페론 감마 생성을 농도 의존적으로 억제하였으며, 400 μM농도에서 각각 101.3 %와 92.7 %, 100 μM농도에서 각각 11.9 %와 24.1 %의 높은 저해활성을 보였으며, 화합물 2와 3은 400 μM농도에서 45.9 %와 18.0 %의 다소 낮은 저해활성을 나타내었다.