Observations of the J=1-0 transition line of HCN were made at the center of Comet C/1995 O1 (Hale-Bopp) from November, 1996 to April, 1997 with the 14-m radio telescope at the TRAO (Taeduk Radio Astronomical Observatory). From the obtained data, an HCN production rate at each observed date was derived. The rapid variation of the HCN production rate near the perihelion was detected, and it is thought to be caused by jet(s) from the nucleus. The correlation between the visual magnitude and the HCN production rate is found to be QHCN=27.03−0.11(mv−5logΔ) QHCN=27.03−0.11(mv−5logΔ) .

본 연구는 피부에 가해지는 직물촉각 자극에 따라 나타나는 정서와 관련된 뇌파특징을 알아보려는 기초연구이다. 실험l에서는 촉각에 의한 정서가 생리적인 측정치를 통해 구분될 수 있는지를 알아보고자, 피험자에게 물리적 특성이 극단적으로 다른 자극을 선택하여 실험을 실시하였다. 20명의 대학생 치험자 (20-25세)에게 자극이 무선적으로 제시되었고, 각 자극제시후 피험자는 제시자극에 대한 느낌을 주관적 정서척도로 평정하였다. 뇌파는 양쪽 귓볼(A1, A2)을 기준전극으로 하여 F3, F4, C3, C4, T4, P3, P4, O1, O2에서 측정되었고, 측정된 뇌파는 FFT방법으로 분석되었다. 각 피험자의 주관적 평가 결과에 따라 가장 쾌한 자극과 가장 불쾌한 자극이 제시되었을 때 측정한 뇌파의 분석결과를 비교하였다. 전두엽, 두정엽, 후두엽 영역에서 쾌자극 제시시에 alpha파가 유의미하게 높은 값을 나타내었고, 후두엽 영역에서 불쾌자극 제시시 beta가가 유의미하게 높게 나타났다. 물리적 특성이 유사한 다섯 가지 직물자극을 가진 실험 ll에서와 유사한 절차에 다섯 가지 직물자극을 가진 실험 1에서와 유사한 절차에 의해 실험ll가 실시되었다. 실험l의 결과에 근거하여 측정 부위를 F3, F4, P3, P4, O1, O2로 축소되었다. 쾌자극 제시시의 뇌파는 불쾌자극 제시시보다 slow alpha(8-10Hz)파의 출현량이 많은 반면, slow beta(13-20Hz)파의 출현량은 적었다. 결론적으로 직물촉각자극에 의해 유발되는 심리적 반응에 특정적인 뇌파반응이 존재하며, 이는 촉각에 의해 유발되는 주관적인 쾌.불쾌정서를 객관적으로 측정하기 위한 지표로서 뇌파특징을 사용할 수 있음을 의미한다.

We made 250 kHz filter bank based on FBS250 model designed by Millitech. It consists of 256 channels centered at 1391 MHz. The minimum detectable input level is -56 dBm/channel, and the maximum continuous integration time is about 1.3 seconds. This spectrometer can be operated in parallel or series mode with other spectrometers.

‘독도’는 우리 국민 모두의 관심사이며, 여전히 영유권 분쟁으로 일본과 대치상태에 있다. 이러한 독도를 지키기 위한 국민적 관심과 노력은 사회 각 분야에서 다양한 방법들이 진행 중이다. 그렇다면 독도 지키기의 일환으로 문학에서는 어떠한 일들이 진행되어 왔는가? 라는 의문이 있었다. 그동안의 독도에 대한 문학 작품은 대부분 교육차원의 동화 나, 학술 차원의 역사적 고증이 주를 이룬 역사교양 소설작품을 접할 수 있었다. 이렇게 출간된 동화나 소설의 경우는 목적을 가진 도서로 그 수용계층의 한계성에서 독자들을 만날 수 있다. 하지만 작가의 순수한 마음의 노래인 시(詩)의 경우는 그 해석을 달리 할 수 있다. 이 글은 전문적인 소양을 갖춘 등단작가와 문학의 독자인 일반인이 독도에 대해 쓴 시를 취합하여 엮은 『詩로 만나는 독도』 에 수록된 작품들을 바탕으로 하여, ‘독도에 대한 문학적 관심과 그 실태’를 살펴보았다. 『詩로 만나는 독도』를 통해 알 수 있는 것은 작가의 다양성과 주제에 대한 편향성이었다. 독도에 대한 시를 쓴 작가들은 기존 유명한 시인에서부터 등단하여 현재 문단에서활동 하는 문인(시인)은 물론이고, 어린 학생에서부터 해방정국까지 겪은 80대까지의 폭 넓은 연령층이 참여하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 또 직업면에서는 주부, 기업인, 직장인, 공직자, 학생, 연애인, 예술과, 종교인, 정치인 등 사회 모든 분야에 속해있는 사람들이 거의 참여 하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 반면 이처럼 작가의 다양성에도 불구하고 대부분 ‘애국’에 함몰된 작품이라는 한계성을 띄고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 독도를 수호하자, 독도는 우리의 땅이다 라는 구호성의 글쓰기에서 ‘독도 사랑’의 효용성을 가지고는 있으나 그 효용성은 시가 대중화되어 대중들이 향유할 때 그 ‘효용’을 발휘한다. 다시 말하면 ‘독도 시’가 ‘대중 시’가 되기 위해서 시인들이 독도를 애국의 기재를 넘어 문학의 기재로 재발견하는 노력이 필요하다고 본다. 이는 문학의 기재로서 충분한 조건을 갖추고 있음에도 ‘독도 시’는 시가 가지는 특징이나 시의 미학이 많이 미흡하다는 것을 제시함으로서 문학적 측면에서 좀 더 다양하게 독도를 알리는 기회가 되기를 기대해 본다.

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EGE) is a rare inflammatory disorder that predominantly affects the stomach and the small intestine, although its pathogenesis is not yet known precisely. EGE shows distinct peripheral eosinophilia and eosinophilic infiltration of the intestinal wall. A 12-month-old girl who was breastfeeding presented with bilateral eyelid swelling without gastrointestinal symptom. Laboratory examination showed peripheral eosinophilia and hypoalbuminemia and iron deficiency anemia. Gastric and duodenal biopsy specimens revealed eosinophilic infiltration of the mucosal layer. We experienced a case of eosinophilic gastroenteritis without any gastrointestinal symptom, associated with maternal food contained allergen.

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a rare, postinfectious autoimmune inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. ADEM presents clinically encephalopathy in association with polyfocal neurologic deficits. Of them, optic neuritis is less common symptom. We experienced ADEM with optic neuritis associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in a 5 year-old girl. She initially presented lethargy, irritability, ataxia and loss of pain sense on right hand and progressed to decreased visual acuity and papilledema of both eyes on the 4th hospital day. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed multiple bilateral hyperintense lesions in the subcortical white matter on T2 weighted images. After administration of intravenous immunoglobulin and high dose intravenous methylprednisolone, she recovered completely.

There are very few reports and limited evidence that premedication with steroids decreases early recurrence of ileocolic intussusception after a successful hydrostatic reduction. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of steroids in decreasing early recurrence of idiopathic intussusceptions. A retrospective review of children that underwent successful hydrostatic reduction was conducted. Two groups were identified: group 1 (38 cases) that received intravenous methylprednisolone (1 mg/kg/dose) on diagnosis or immediately after the reduction maneuver, and group 2 (59 cases) were not given. There were 60 boys and 37 girls ranging in age from 6 to 84 months. There were no statistical differences between the groups regarding age, sex, duration of symptoms and laboratory findings on admission. There was no significant difference (p=0.76) in the rate of early recurrent intussusception between the steroid group (15.8%, 6/38) and the non-steroid group (13.6%, 8/59). We found that premedication of children with idiopathic intussusception with methylprednisolone did not decrease early recurrence of idiopathic intussusceptions.

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of acute respiratory viral infection on Kawasaki disease. From July 2016 to June 2018, among the patients who underwent respiratory virus screening at the Kwangju Christian Hospital, those diag-nosed 88 patients with Kawasaki disease were enrolled in this study. The effects of acute respiratory viral infection on Ka-wasaki disease were compared according to whether 2nd intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment was administered or not, and whether coronary artery complications occurred. Respiratory virus was detected in 44 out of 88 patients. 2nd IVIG treatment rates were 16% (n=7) and 27% (n=12) in the virus positive group and the virus negative group, respectively (p>0.05). The incidence of coronary artery complications was 11% (n=5) and 25% (n=11) in the virus positive group and the virus negative group, respectively (p>0.05). There was no statistically significant correlation between the 2nd IVIG admin-istration and coronary artery complications following the detection of respiratory virus in patients with Kawasaki disease. We think it is necessary to actively study the effects of acute respiratory viral infection on Kawasaki disease through large-scale studies of multiple centers in the future.

The aim of this study was to investigate the factors associated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis in pediatric enteroviral meningitis. A retrospective analysis of the medical records was performed in 281 patients under 18 years of age who were diagnosed with enteroviral meningitis by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) at Kwangju Christian Hospital from January to December 2016. Clinical symptoms and laboratory findings were compared according to the presence or absence of CSF pleocytosis. 112 children (39.9%) did not have CSF pleocytosis. When we compared the group of meningitis without pleocytosis and the group with pleocytosis, age were younger (< 2years), and the interval between onset of symptoms and the time of lumbar puncture was shorter (<24 hours), peripheral white blood cell counts were lower, but C-reactive protein (CRP) was higher in the group of meningitis without pleocytosis. Enteroviral meningitis should not be excluded even if CSF pleocytosis is not seen in patients. And enterovirus CSF RT-PCR should be performed with high suspicion in children younger than 2 years.

In this study, microorganism community characteristics of organic managed soil which applied rye (Secale cereal L.) as green manure for 25 years, were determined. The chemical properties of organic soil showed high level of organic matter and available P2O5, while the level of exchangeable cation was low. The analysis of dehydrogenase activity and carbon source utilization indicated that the values in on organic soil were significantly higher than those of the control. It suggested that the microorganism community of organic soil had high microorganism activity, compared to the control. In addition, when the 16S rRNA genetargeted NGS (Next generation sequencing) analysis was conducted to estimate the class of bacterial community, the class level of bacterial taxon composition on organic soil showed higher portion of Sphingobacteriia, Acidobacteriia, Gammaproteobacteria, Solibacteres and Planctomycetia. By base on the results of various reports in which organic managed soil had high portion of Acidobacteriia and Planctomycetia, the characteristic of taxon composition in organic soil, which showed the high percentages of Ktedonobacteria, Sphingobacteriia, Acidobacteriia and Gammaproteobacteria, was resulted from the application of rye as a green manure for the long term. However, further researches were needed because the crop effect was not considered in this study.

Genetic factors are increasingly found as potential causes of children with acute recurrent pancreatitis (ARP) or chronic pancreatitis (CP). Representative genes include cationic trypsinogen, serine protease 1 (PRSS1), serine protease inhibitor Kazal type 1 (SPINK1), cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), chymotrypsin C (CTRC) and calcium sensing receptor (CASR) genes, etc. In Korean children, PRSS1 and SPINK1 genes have been most commonly studied, while CFTR mutations were reported in one patient to date. We report a case of a 13-year-old male adolescent with CP with CFTR mutations. Since he was first diagnosed with idiopathic acute pancreatitis (IAP) based on laboratory and computed tomographic findings, he was admitted with ARP and CP over four times in a year at the secondary and tertiary hospital. No etiology was detected by several examinations including magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), endosco-pic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) with fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy and genetic test including PRSS1 and SPINK1. Although he had no typical symptoms associated with cystic fibrosis (CF), CFTR mutations were detected with additional gene examination. Testing for CFTR mutations should be concerned in pediatric patients with APR and CP without other identified causes.