본 연구는 한우미경산우에 인공수정 7일째와 복제수정란 이식시 hCG를 투여에 의해 수태율 향상을 위하여 실시하였다 인공수정 후 임신 60일째에 임신감정을 실시한 결과 대조구, CIDR 그리고 hCG를 투여한 결과 53%, 46%, 71%였으며, 처리간에 유의적인 차이를 보였다(P<0.05). 복제수정 란의 이식시 hCG를 투여한 결과 대조구, hCG투여구는 각각 5.8%, 10.4%를 나타냈으며, 유의차는 인정되지 않았다. 인공수정 7일째에 hCG를 투

속이 빈 축대칭 회전체인 두꺼운 쉘의 정확한 고유진동수와 모우드형상을 결정하기 위해서 3차원적인 해석방법이 사용되었다. 이 축대칭 회전쉘의 모선을 직선으로 한정하지 않았으며, 쉘의 두께 또한 일정한 것으로 제한하지 않았다. 이 쉘의 중앙면은 임의의 곡율을 가지며, 쉘의 두께도 임의적으로 변한다. 자오선방향, 두께방향, 원주방향으로의 변위 성분인는 시간반응의 정현성(sinusoidal)과방향으로의 주기성을 지니며,와 z 방향으로는 대수다항 식의 형태로 가정되었다. 이 쉘의 변형률에너지와 운동에너지를 공식화하였으며, 진동수의 최소화를 통해 상위경계치의 진동수를 구하고 다항식의 차수를 증가시켜 엄밀해에 수렴된 진동수를 구할 수 있다. 선형적으로 두께가 변하는 두꺼운 원추형쉘과 구형쉘에 대한 예를 통하여 하위 다섯 개의 진동수에 대해서 유효 숫자 4자리까지의 정확한 수렴성연구가 이루어졌다. 이 해석 방법은 두께가 매우 두꺼운 쉘 뿐만이 아니라 얇은 쉘에도 적용이 가능하다

The Objetive of this paper is to help to make decision of the appropriate structural types in long span strudured building due to range of span. For the intention, based on 7 forces of strudural element, it is analized the relationships among 6 configurations of strudural element(d/1), 25 structural types, 4 materials, and span~Iength known with 186 sample from 1850 to 1996 1) bending forces: club(1/100~1/10), plate(1/100~1/10), rahmen(steel, 1O~24m) simple beam(PC,1O~35m) 2) shearing forces: shell(1/100~1/1000) hyperbolic paraboloids(RC,25~97m) 3) shearing+bending forces: plate, folded plate(RC,21~59m) 4) compression axial forces: club, arch(RC, 32~65m) 5) compression+tension forces: shell, braced dome shell(RC, 40~201 m), vault shell(RC, 16~103m) 6) compression+tension axial forces: rod(1/1000~1/100), cable(below l/1000)+rod, cable+rod+membrane(below 1/1000), planar truss(steel, 31~134m), arch truss(31~ 135m), horizontal spaceframe(29~10 8m), portal frame (39~55m), domical space truss(44~222m), framed membrane(45~1 1Om), hybrid membrane (42~256m) 7) tension forces: cable, membrane, suspension(60~150m), cable beam(40~130m), tensile membrane(42~136m), cable -stayed(25~90m), suspension membrane(24~97m), single layer pneumatic structure(45~231m), double layer pneumatic strudures(30~44m)

This experiment was carried out to study the determination of survival of vitrified and thawed mammal follicular oocytes by FDA-test. Oocytes were divided into 3 groups according to attachment of cumulus cell. Group A oocytes were tightly surrounded by cumulus cell, group B oocytes were partially surrounded by cumulus cell, and group C oocytes were poorly surrounded by cumulus cell. Vitrification solution developed by our previous study (Kim et al, 1992) which consisted of permeable agent (20 % glycerol + 10 % ethylene glycol) and nonpermeable agent (30 % Ficoll + 10 % sucrose). Oocytes (7~10) loaded into 0.25 ml straw after 10 min equilibration were plunged into liquid nitrogen (- 196) directly. The FDA-score of vitrified and thawed group A oocytes was higher in rat (4.2) than in rabbit (3.9), cow (3.8), mouse (3.4) and porcine (2.4), however that of cumulus cell was higher in rabbit (4.7) than in rat (4.1), cow (2.9), porcine (2.6) and mouse (1.4). The FDA-score of vitrified and thawed group B oocytes were 3.1 (cow), 2.9 (rabbit), 2.9 (mouse), 2.6 (rat) and 2.5 (porcine), respectively. However that of cumulus cell was higher in rabbit (3.7) than in porcine (2.6), rat (2.3), cow (1.7) and mouse (0.3). The FDA-score of vitrified and thawed group C oocytes was higher in mouse (4.1) than in cow (2.9), rabbit (2.6), rat (1.3) and porcine (1.1). As shown in the above results, The survival rates of oocytes were higher in group A than in group B and C except in mouse and cow. These results suggest that the survival of cumulus cell as well as follicular oocytes can be reliably judged by their fluorescence with FDA-test.

The purpose of this study is to prove the propriety of prolongation in educational term of department of food and nutrition at junior college in Korea in order to improve the quality of dietitian by giving substantial education. The prolongation of educational term from two to three years is necessary to cultivate a more excellent dietitian because of the following three reasons. First, the freshmen in junior colleges are poor in basic scholastic ability which is needed for the study of nutrition science. Second, many new subjects which will support the new rolles of dietitian, in acordance with social changes, should be supplemented in curriculum. Third, the subject of spot-practice for dietitian should be established as a regular course in curriculum.

In this study, numerical simulations using community multiscale air quality (CMAQ) were conducted to analyze the change in ozone (O3) concentration due to the reduction in nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions in Busan. When the NOx and, VOCs emissions were reduced by 40% and, 31%, respectively, the average O3 concentration increased by 4.24 ppb, with the highest O3 change observed in the central region (4.59 ppb). This was attributed to the decrease in O3 titration by nitric oxide (NO) due to the reduction of NOx emissions in Busan, which is classified as a VOCs-limited area. The distribution of O3 concentration changes was closely related to NOx emissions per area, and inland emissions were highly correlated with daily maximum concentrations and 8-h average O3 concentrations. Contrastingly, the effect of emission reduction depended on the wind direction. This suggests that the emission reduction effects may vary depending on the environmental conditions. Further research is needed to comprehensively analyze the emission reduction effects in Busan.

Today, environmental pollution has been found to be one of the causes of various diseases, including brain and nervous system diseases. In particular, neurodegenerative diseases have been found to be caused by hyperactivation of immune system cells such as microglia. Preventive and therapeutic measures are needed to suppress them. Hirudo is known as a traditional herbal medicine, based on its multiple biological activities such as anti-eczema and anti-coagulation. In the present study, the anti-neuroinflammatory potential of hirudo extract was investigated in lipopolysccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 microglial cells and in mice. Hirudo extract significantly inhibited LPS-stimulated nitric oxide (NO) production and cytokine (IL-1Ra, KC, MCP-5, and RANTES) expression in a dose-dependent manner without causing cytotoxicity. Pretreatment with hirudo extract suppressed LPS-induced NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation. Moreover, hirudo extract reduced LPS-stimulated microglial acitivation and improved memory impairments. The results demonstrated that hirudo extract exerts anti-neuroinflammation activities, partly through inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway. These findings suggest that hirudo extract might have therapeutic potential with respect to neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases.

본 연구의 목적은 무용교육 프로그램을 통한 중국 요보호아동들의 심리건강을 증진 시키는데 있다. 연구의 목적을 바탕으로 중국 허베이성 A지역의 요보호아동을 70명을 연구 대상으로 선정 하여 초등학생 심리건강 척도를 측정하였다. 아울러 중국 요보호아동에게 무용교육 프로그램을 제공 하였다. 자료를 분석하기 위해 SPSS 22.0과 Amos 22.0 프로그램을 활용하여 빈도분석(frequency analysis), 기술통계 분석(descriptive statistics analysis), 신뢰도 분석(reliability analysis), 상관관 계 분석(correlations analysis), t-test 분석(independent samples t-test analysis) 그리고 확인적 요인분석(confirmatory factor analysis)을 실시하였다. 분석결과, 무용교육 프로그램은 요보호아 동들의 학습 장애, 정서 장애, 성격 장애, 사회적응 장애, 성품 장애, 불량습관 장애, 특수상황 장애, 그리고 불안행동 장애를 개선하는데 효과가 있음을 확인하였다. 이는 무용교육이 앞으로 더 많은 요보호아동들에게 적용될 수 있도록 향후 무용교과가 필수교과에 포함되기 위한 기초자료를 제공 하는데 초석이 될 것으로 기대한다.

이 연구에서는 2차원 비선형 해석모델을 이용한 변수연구로부터 콘크리트 단위용적중량을 고려한 RC 보의 변위 연성비를 제시하였다.

이 연구는 지진 하중 저항성이 낮은 무보강 조적벽체를 대상으로 강봉을 활용한 비부착 보강에 대해 전단 거동을 비교하여 확인하였다.

Robots are used in various industrial sites, but traditional methods of operating a robot are limited at some kind of tasks. In order for a robot to accomplish a task, it is needed to find and solve accurate formula between a robot and environment and that is complicated work. Accordingly, reinforcement learning of robots is actively studied to overcome this difficulties. This study describes the process and results of learning and solving which applied reinforcement learning. The mission that the robot is going to learn is bottle flipping. Bottle flipping is an activity that involves throwing a plastic bottle in an attempt to land it upright on its bottom. Complexity of movement of liquid in the bottle when it thrown in the air, makes this task difficult to solve in traditional ways. Reinforcement learning process makes it easier. After 3-DOF robotic arm being instructed how to throwing the bottle, the robot find the better motion that make successful with the task. Two reward functions are designed and compared the result of learning. Finite difference method is used to obtain policy gradient. This paper focuses on the process of designing an efficient reward function to improve bottle flipping motion.