This paper describes the fabrication of AlN thin films containing iron and iron nitride particles, and the magnetic and electrical properties of such films. Fe-N-Al alloy films were deposited in Ar and N2 mixtures at ambient temperature using Fe/Al composite targets in a two-facing-target DC sputtering system. X-ray diffraction results showed that the Fe-N-Al films were amorphous, and after annealing for 5 h both AlN and bcc-Fe/bct-FeNx phases appeared. Structure changes in the FeNx phases were explained in terms of occupied nitrogen atoms. Electron diffraction and transmission electron microscopy observations revealed that iron and iron nitride particles were randomly dispersed in annealed AlN films. The grain size of magnetic particles ranged from 5 to 20 nm in diameter depending on annealing conditions. The saturation magnetization as a function of the annealing time for the Fe55N20Al25 films when annealed at 573, 773 and 873 K. At these temperatures, the amount of iron/iron nitride particles increased with increasing annealing time. An increase in the saturation magnetization is explained qualitatively in terms of the amount of such magnetic particles in the film. The resistivity increased monotonously with decreasing Fe content, being consistent with randomly dispersed iron/iron nitride particles in the AlN film. The coercive force was evaluated to be larger than 6.4×103Am-1 (80 Oe). This large value is ascribed to a residual stress restrained in the ferromagnetic particles, which is considered to be related to the present preparation process.

곡선보(curved beam)의 회전관성(rotatory inertia) 및 전단변형(shear deformation)을 고려한 면외(out-of-plane) 자유진동을 해석하는데 미분구적법(DQM)을 이용하여 고정-고정 경계조건(boundary conditions)과 다양한 굽힘각(opening angles)에 따른 진동수(frequencies)를 계산하였다. DQM의 결과는 엄밀해(efact solution) 또는 다른 수치해석 결과와 비교하였으며, DQM은 적은 요소(grid points)를 사용하여 정확한 해석결과를 보여주었다.

In this study, the chemical flow of butadiene in the Korean chemical material industry was analyzed by chemical flow analysis. In addition, the atmospheric emissions estimation equation was calculated. The results of the product-specific material flow analysis showed that 1,450,076 tons of butadiene have been used in the domestic chemical material industry. Of that, 28.2% was used for SBR, 29% for BR, 21.2% for ABS, and 21.5% for the manufacture of other rubber products. In addition, butadiene has been used in the production of final products, such as automotive supplies and equipment, tires, shoes, and consumer electronics products. Among them, it was found that the major product at 39% in the production of tires. About 56.7 tons of butadiene found to have been emitted into the atmosphere by the calculated expression. The results of the regional analysis showed butadiene was treated in five cities and seven provinces, with the largest amount of butadiene used in Chungnam. The results of standard industrial classification showed that, among the 23 divisions of the standard industrial classification, butadiene flow in the manufacture of synthetic resins or other plastic materials was found to account for about 70% of the total.

The aim of this study is investigated greenhouse gas emissions of glass industry, and when calculates greenhouse gas emission, using formula(Tier 3) advising in IPCC(Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) and using self designed formula(Tier 3+) authors of this study. Studied to propose calculation formula that can compare these two calculation results and apply to domestic. Formula of Tier 3 calculated to theoretical composition of carbonate material, And Formula of Tier 3+ calculated on the basis of chemical substance formation table that get from glass manufacture company(The S company). As a result, Dolomite, Soda ash, Limestone, Industrial Barium carbonate is calculated value of Tier 3+ lower than value of Tier 3, And Industrial Potassium carbonate, Industrial Strontium carbonate was calculated value of Tier 3 lower than value of Tier 3. This study finding, formula of Tier 3+ has higher confidence than formula of Tier 3 when consider revision about purity of injection raw material. And hereafter, When calculate greenhouse gas emissions about nonmetallic mineral industry, use of Tier 3+ is considered that should be encouraged.

The aim of this study is to calculate process emission of GHGs(greenhouse gases) in nonferrous-metal industry, such as Zn, Pb, Cu and Ni. In addition, variation and emission of GHGs generated from these company were defined. And then, GHGs algorithm and calculation formular which were considered as production process in each part of nonferrous-metal industry were developed to develop calculation program of GHGs emission. These algorithm and calculation formular would present fundamental direction about other nonferrous-metal industry in the future.

Recently, volatile organic compound(VOC) has been noted as a main cause of air pollution. VOC, with its toxic and offensive odor, is hazardous to health. Furthermore indoor, underground and high-rise buildings are preferable living spaces. People spend more than 80% of the day indoor, so indoor air pollution is a matter of importance. In Korea, from 2004, 10 types of indoor pollutants in public facilities have been identified. However, there is no standard for individual VOC, so the regulation has not yet effectively been carried out. In this study, we have studied on the diffusion of Benzene in a room using a numerical analysis for various air-controlled conditions consisted of door, window and ventilation system. This study investigates spatial concentration distribution and time-history of room-averaged benzene concentration for several cases. The results of this study show that when the room is ventilated by a small fan only for 30 minutes, the average concentration of benzene is decreased a very little, thus the impact to human body would be serious compared to the case of natural ventilation by window and door. In the case of natural ventilation by window and door, if the wind speed is higher than 0.5m/s, it takes small than 4 minutes for benzene to spread to the target concentration of 1.2mg/㎥.

The advantage of CFBC(Circulating fluidized bed combustor) is that it can apply to various fuel sources including the lower rank fuel and remove SOx by means of direct supply of limestone to the combustor without additional desulfation facility. In this paper, we denote characteristics of fly and bed ash to reuse finer limestone usually abandoned(used spec[Coarse LS] 0.1mm under 25%, new spec[Fine LS] 0.1mm under 50%). According to the results, the chemical composition of fly ash was as follows; SiO2 40.8%, Al2O3 31.9%, CaO 10.7%, K2O 4.46% in the case of coarse limestone and SiO2 41.1%, Al2O3 31.3%, CaO 10.9%, K2O 4.66% in the case of fine limestone. The chemical composition of bed ash was as follows; SiO2 54.2%, Al2O3 33.1%, CaO 1.56%, K20 4.34% in the case of coarse limestone and SiO2 53.8%, Al2O3 32.6%, CaO 2.21%, K2O 4.45% in the case of fine limestone. It showed that there was no significant change in chemical composition. And it is conformed that there was no significant change in particle size and shapes.

In order to how well predict ISCST3(Industrial Source Complex Short Term version 3) model dispersion of air pollutant at point source, sensitivity was analysed necessary parameters change. ISCST3 model is Gaussian plume model. Model calculation was performed with change of the wind speed, atmospheric stability and mixing height while the wind direction and ambient temperature are fixed. Fixed factors are wind direction as the south wind(180˚) and temperature as 298 K(25℃). Model's sensitivity is analyzed as wind speed, atmospheric stability and mixing height change. Data of stack are input by inner diameter of 2m, stack height of 30m, emission temperature of 40℃, outlet velocity of 10m/s. On the whole, main factor which affects in atmospheric dispersion is wind speed and atmospheric stability at ISCST3 model. However it is effect of atmospheric stability rather than effect of distance downwind. Factor that exert big influence in determining point of maximum concentration is wind speed. Meanwhile, influence of mixing height is a little or almost not.

Most of methane gas result from waste matter in landfill, therefore the persons concerned take an increasing interest in management of gases in landfill. Infrared Gas Analyzer was used to measure components of gases, CH4, CO2, O2, through gas exhausted pipe. To measure amount of the gas flow meter(Portable Hot-Line Current Meter) was used and it was set at right angles with direction of the flow. In this research the total amount of methane gas produced in Beck-Suk Landfill was calculated through FOD method suggested by IPCC. This research found that in Chon-An Beck-Suk Landfill anaerobic resolution was made actively and the amount of methane gas produced there was 54.14%, which is higher than common figure, 50%, in other researches. The components of reclaimed waste matter, especially, organic waste matter can have a great effect of the amount of the greenhouse gases produced in landfill. We can expect that the amount of greenhouse gas will decrease from 2005, when it will be prohibited from carrying kitchen refuse and sludge into landfill.

본 연구는 프로 한구무용수들의 개인적, 긍정적 체험인 신명의 본질적 요인을 심층면접을 토대로 탐색하는데 그 목적이 있다. 본 연구의 참여자는 2003년 현재 프로 한국무용수로 활동 중이며 각종 콩쿨에서 금상 및 대상수상자와 국내·외 공연에서 주역을 맡은 경험이 있는 무용수 10명(남자: 5명, 여자: 5명)을 참여자로 하였다. 이들을 통한 심층면접을 토대로 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 프로 한국무용수들이 경험하는 신명의 요인은 212개 원자료 14개 범주 6차원의 귀납적으로 분석되었으며, 다양한 신명요인을 나타내고 있었다. 구체적으로는 일체감, 몰입, 쾌락, 용해, 초월, 기타 등의 차원이며, 이에 대한 범주에는 동료와의 호흡, 관객과의 일치, 인물과의 일치, 집단과의 일치, 완전한 집중, 점층적 집중, 즐거움, 좋은 기분, 성취감, 편안함, 자연스러움, 영적인 체험, 특별한 인식, 기타 등으로 나타났다. 신명은 극히 개인적이고, 비자발적이며, 우리춤에서만이 나타나는 독특한 체험이라고 할 수 있다. 이러한 일련의 결론들은 한국무용을 전공하고 전수하는 무용수들에게 교육적, 실행적 입장에서 의미있는 연구일 것이다. 아울러, 질적 연구에 대한 귀납적 내용 분석과 결과를 양화시키는 것과 한국인의 심리적 특성과 관련된 연관성이나 발레나, 현대무용에서의 신명과 유사한 체험의 비교 등을 제언하였다.

본 연구의 목적은 자기 모델링 기법을 통한 교수행동변화를 알아보고, 교생의 교수행동에 대한 구체적 자료를 체계적으로 관찰, 제시하는데 있다. 연구대상은 중·고등학교 체육교생 4명(남자 3, 여자 1)으로 선정하였고, 연구기간은 교생실습기간(참관학습 1주를 제외) 3주간에 걸쳐 이루어졌다. 관찰된 교수단원은 구기종목(농구, 소프트볼)과 체조(무용), 육상(단거리 달리기, 멀리뛰기)이었다. 교생의 교수행동은 소형 비디오 카메라를 이용한 비디오촬영과 Sharpe와 Koperwas(2001)에 의해 개발되어진 행동분석 관찰프로그램인 컴퓨터 소프트프로그램(BEST)을 이용하여 관찰 분석되었다. 수집된 교생교수 행동 자료는 빈도와 강도(지속시간)에 의해서 분석되었고, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 자기 모델링 기법의 처치 효과를 나타내는 처치전과 처치단계의 수업관련부분에서 관찰영역을 제외한 영역의 교수 행동 빈도와 강도 또한 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 처치효과의 지속성을 나타내고 있는 처치후의 교수행동 또한 처치 전과 비교하였을 때, 수업관련 부분에서 관찰영역을 제외한 영역에서 다소 높거나 동일한 수준의 빈도와 강도(지속시간)수준을 보였다.