본 논문은 동아시아불교문화권에서 중요하게 여기고 있는 경전인 『법화경』 의 여성관에 대하여 알아본 논문이다. 『법화경』은 다양한 비유와 상징, 쉬운 표 현으로 대중적으로 널리 퍼져 신앙과 사상적으로 널리 알려진 경전이다. 본 논문에서는 『법화경』의 여성관을 알아보기 위하여 먼저 불교의 여성관을 부정적인 측면과 긍정적인 측면으로 나누어 살펴보았다. 경전에서 여성을 부정 적으로 보는 것은 비구니 팔경계, 여인오장설, 여인불성불설 등이 나타나는 부 분이다. 하지만 여성의 긍정적인 사회적 역할, 깨달음에는 성별의 차이가 없다 는 점, 여성의 몸에 보살의 지혜와 자비가 갖추어져 있다는 점, 여성이 설법하 는 점에서 긍정적으로 여성을 바라보고 있음을 알 수 있다. 여성관에 대한 이러 한 차이는 당시 인도의 사회상황과 연관되어 있으며, 수행자로서 여성을 인정 하고 깨달음을 얻을 수 있다고 한 점은 당시의 여성의 지위를 높인 것이라고 할 수 있다. 『법화경』에서는 여성에 대한 부정적인 인식도 있지만, 부처가 될 수 있는 수기를 받는다는 점에서 성불의 가능성을 볼 수 있다는 점에서 긍정적인 측면 도 보이고 있다. 경전에서는 여성의 성불에 대하여 용녀의 변성성불을 이야기 하고 있는데, 이는 종교적으로 힌두교와의 대립을 피하기 위한 것으로 생각된 다. 또한 경전에서 붓다가 이야기하는 본래 의미를 파악한다면 ‘여성의 변성성 불’이라는 글자에 얽매이지 않고 본래의 불성을 수행을 통해 드러내야 한다는 적극적인 수행방법론으로 이해해야 할 것이다. 불교에서는 일체중생의 본성은 본래 평등한 것으로서 차별이 없다고 한다. 즉, 여성도 깨달음을 얻을 수 있다는 것으로서 당시의 남성우월주의에서 벗어 나고자 한 것이다. 『법화경』의 여성관은 힌두교와의 종교적 다툼에서 벗어나기 위하여 여성성을 부정하지만 반대로 불교수행을 통한 여성의 성불가능성을 열 어주었다.

본 논문은 일본에서 일어난 근현대 재가불교운동의 특징을 살펴보고 재가 불교 교단이 나아갈 방향을 알아본 논문이다. 특히 한국에서도 교단이 형성 되어 포교활동을 하고 있는 법화천태계열 교단과 진언종 계열 교단의 교단 형성과 발전, 교학과 수행체계의 특징을 알아보고 현대사회에서 재가불교 교단의 발전 가능성에 대하여 고찰해보았다. 일본의 재가불교운동은 일본의 근대화와 더불어 일어났다. 급격한 근대화로 인한 개인의 사회적 소외와 경제적 문제를 해결하기 위해 기성종단에서 할 수 없는 일을 재가자가 중심이 되어 교단을 형성하며 재가불교운동이 발생한 것이다. 일본에서 재가불교 교단은 크게 법화천태 계열과 진언계로 나눌 수 있는 데, 법화천태계 교단은 혼몬부츠류슈(本門佛立宗), 코쿠츄카이(國柱會), 레이유카이(靈友會), 리쇼고세카이(立正佼成會), 소카각카이(創價學會)가 대표적이다. 이들은 모두 니치렌슈(日蓮宗) 계열의 재가교단으로서 근대화에 따른 사회문제의 해결을 위해 교육과 경제문제에 관심을 기울였다는 공통점이 있으며, 소카각카이는 현실정치에 직접 참여했다는 특징이 있다. 신뇨엔(眞如 苑)은 진언계 교단으로 봉사와 실천을 바탕으로 사회문제와 환경문제, 문화적인 측면에서 많은 사회활동을 하고 있다. 이와 같은 일본의 근현대 재가불교 교단의 활동을 참고하여 불교사상을 바탕으로 사회문제를 해결하는 종교적 방법론이자 재가자들의 실천수행방법론으로 필자는 인권분야 사회운동에의 참여, 경제공동체 및 환경보호단체의 확충, 사회봉사 및 사회사업의 체계화, 전반적인 문화활동에 대한 투자, 정 치참여에의 독려의 5가지 발전방안을 제시했다. 이러한 방안은 재가자들이기 때문에 할 수 있는 사회문제의 해결방법으로서 미래세대와 현재세대를 연결할 수 있는 고리로 작용할 수 있기 때문이다. 또한 불교사상을 바탕으로 사회생활을 영위하는 재가자들의 안녕과 발전을 위해서도 사회운동을 전개하는 재가불자와 교단이 활성화 되어야 한다.

In this paper, we raised the performance of heuristic algorithm to assign job to workers in parallel line inspection process without sequence. In previous research, we developed the heuristic algorithm. But the heuristic algorithm can't find optimal solution perfectly. In order to solve this problem, we proposed new method to make initial solution called FN(First Next) method and combined the new FN method and old FE method using previous heuristic algorithm. Experiments of assigning job are performed to evaluate performance of this FE+FN heuristic algorithm. The result shows that the FE+FN heuristic algorithm can find the optimal solution to assign job to workers evenly in many type of cases. Especially, in case there are optimal solutions, this heuristic algorithm can find the optimal solution perfectly.

In this paper, the author devised new decision recommendation ordering method of items attributed by age to improve accuracy of recommender system. In conventional recommendation system, recommendation order is decided by high order of preference prediction. However, in this paper, recommendation accuracy is improved by decision recommendation order method that reflect age attribute of target customer and neighborhood in preference prediction. By applying decision recommendation order method to recommender system, recommendation accuracy is improved more than conventional ordering method of recommendation.

In this paper, the author proposed following two methods to improve the accuracy of the recommender system. First, in order to classify the users more accurately, the author used a EMC(Expanded Moving Center) heuristic algorithm which improved clustering accuracy. Second, the author proposed the Neighborhood-oriented preference prediction method that improved the conventional preference prediction methods, so the accuracy of the recommender system is improved. The test result of the recommender system which adapted the above two methods suggested in this paper was improved the accuracy than the conventional recommendation methods.

In this study, we developed a heuristic algorithm to get better efficiency of clustering than conventional algorithms. Conventional clustering algorithm had lower efficiency of clustering as there were no solid method for selecting initial center of cluster and as they had difficulty in search solution for clustering. EMC(Expanded Moving Center) heuristic algorithm was suggested to clear the problem of low efficiency in clustering. We developed algorithm to select initial center of cluster and search solution systematically in clustering. Experiments of clustering are performed to evaluate performance of EMC heuristic algorithm. Squared-error of EMC heuristic algorithm showed better performance for real case study and improved greatly with increase of cluster number than the other ones.

In this paper, we developed a heuristic algorithm to assign job to workers in parallel line inspection process without sequence. Objective of assigning job in inspection process is only to assign job to workers evenly. But this objective needs much time and effort since there are many cases in assigning job and cases increase geometrically if the number of job and worker increases. In order to solve this problem, we proposed heuristic algorithm to assign job to workers evenly. Experiments of assigning job are performed to evaluate performance of this heuristic algorithm. The result shows that heuristic algorithm can find the optimal solution to assign job to workers evenly in many type of cases. Especially, in case there are more than two optimal solutions, this heuristic algorithm can find the optimal solution with 98% accuracy.

The purpose of this paper is to develop an efficient production strategy with changing factors to influence the productivity. The factors would be the number of Multi-Function worker, the method of job dispatching, and lot size. A simulation model has been developed for this study. We used AutoMod simulation and the process activity was animated to follow the flow of process easily. The alternatives have been tested through the simulation model, and the various alternatives is proposed for the efficient production strategy. We hope that the system is applied to similar types of small and medium-sized enterprises to develop an efficient production strategy and to achieve the satisfactory result.

The purpose of this paper is to develop an efficient production strategy with changing factors to influence the productivity. The factors would be the number of Multi-Function worker, the method of job dispatching, and lot size. A simulation model has been developed for this study. We used AutoMod simulation and the process activity was animated to follow the flow of process easily. The alternatives have been tested through the simulation model, and the various alternatives is proposed for the efficient production strategy. We hope that the system is applied to similar types of small and medium-sized enterprises to develop an efficient production strategy and to achieve the satisfactory result.

We adapted association rules of data mining in order to investigate the relation among the factors of musculoskeletal disorders and proposed the method of preventing the musculoskeletal disorders associated with multiple logistic regression in previous study. This multiple logistic regression was difficult to establish the method of preventing musculoskeletal disorders in case factors can't be managed by worker himself, i.e., age, gender, marital status. In order to solve this problem, we devised association rules of factors of musculoskeletal disorders and proposed the interactive method of preventing the musculoskeletal disorders, by applying association rules with the result of multiple logistic regression in previous study. The result of correlation analysis showed that prevention method of one part also prevents musculoskeletal disorders of other parts of body.

We suggested the policy of labor management in pump manufacturing industry through survey in order to improve competitive ability. In pump manufacturing industry, since it is difficult to find sufficient worker having technical skill and knowledge concerning pump manufacturing technology, therefore the industry must cultivate the employee systematically. We reached the result, production engineer and R&D engineer play an important role to improve competitive ability in pump manufacturing industry. Though they need technical education, the effect of education was not satisfactory. To solve this problem, suitable technical education course must be devised. Marketing reinforcement is a important factor in pump manufacturing industry. To achieve marketing reinforcement, each company must develop their present technology further and raise marketing ability to expand internal and external business. It is also consulted to use IT technology.

The authors used association rules and patterns in sequential of data mining in order to raise the efficiency of engineering changes. The association rule can reduce the number of engineering changes since it can estimate the parts to be changed. The patterns in sequential can perform engineering changes effectively by estimating the parts to be changed from sequence estimation. According to this result, unnecessary engineering changes are eliminated and the number of engineering changes decrease. This method can be used for improving design quality and productivity in company managing engineering changes and related information.

The authors devised and presented the method of development for project management system. The function and item for project management system are also presented in this article. This is the case of developing a practical system for project management in electronic company. The electronic company can utilize this method as a guideline of development. This can bring great economical effect to electronic company by saving the costs and time for development. The electronic company can apply this method easily. Moreover, waste of costs can be prevented by installing system just with necessary function and items.