본 연구는 몇가지 전처리제 및 보존용액 처리가 국내 육성 절화 프리지아 ‘Gold Rich’의 수확후 절화수명과 개화 품질에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 수행하였다. 10% sucrose, 200mg･L-1 Al2(SO4)3, 200mg･L-1 GA3, 150mg･L-1 citric acid가 혼용된 전처리 용액에서 절화 관상 기간 동안 수분 흡수량과 생체중은 유의적으로 증가한 것으로 조사되었지만 절화수명에는 큰 영향을 미치지 않았다. 보존용액으로 5% sucrose와 살균제인 300mg･L-1 8-HQ를 혼용 처리하였을 때 절화수명 연장(1일 이상), 높은 개화율(82.3~89.1%) 및 만개율(71.5~84.2%) 등의 개화 품질이 향상되었다. 이러한 결과들을 통해 10% sucrose, 200mg･L-1 Al2(SO4)3, 200mg･L-1 GA3, 150mg･L-1 citric acid를 혼합한 전처리제와 5% sucrose, 300mg･L-1 8-HQ를 혼합한 보존용액 처리는 절화수명 연장, 개화율 및 만개율 증가에 효과적일 것이라고 판단된다. 특히, sucrose가 포함된 보존용액은 절화 프리지아 ‘Gold Rich’ 의 상품성 향상에 있어 매우 유용할 것이다.

Herein, we report significantly enhanced mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of polyimide (PI) by incorporating a small amount (0.01 wt %) of individualized boron-doped high-quality graphene as a filler. The boron-doped expandable graphite (B-EG) was synthesized by mixing boric acid ( H3BO4) with expandable graphite (EG) and thermally treating the mixture at 2450 °C for 30 min using a graphite furnace in an argon atmosphere. The boron-doped graphene (B-g) was prepared by the solution-phase exfoliation of B-EG with an ultrasonication process, which is a method to obtain individualized graphene as well as few-layer graphene. The PI nanocomposites were prepared using the obtained graphene. The PI nanocomposites synthesized with high-quality B-graphene (B-g) showed enhanced mechanical properties and thermal conductivity compared to those of pure PI due to the doping effects and strong interfacial interactions between graphene and the PI matrix.

This study aimed to examine the effect of a mild elevation in serum cholesterol level in a porcine coronary overstretch restenosis model using a balloon angioplasty catheter or drug-eluting coronary stent. Pigs were divided into two groups and were fed a commercial normal diet (CND, n = 4) or a high-fat diet (HFD, n = 4) for 5 weeks. Coronary overstretch injury by balloon angioplasty or stent implantation was induced in the left anterior descending and left circumflex artery after 1 week of feeding. Histopathological analysis was performed at 4 weeks after coronary injury. During the experiment, the total cholesterol level in the HFD group increased by approximately 44.9% (from 65.9 ± 3.21 mg/dL at baseline to 95.5 ± 9.94 mg/dL at 5 weeks). The lumen area in the CND group was reduced in comparison with that in the HFD group after balloon angioplasty. After stent implantation, the injury score showed no significant difference. There were significant differences in the neointimal area (2.7 ± 0.33 mm2 in the CND group vs. 3.3 ± 0.34 mm2 in the HFD group, p<0.05), lumen area (2.6 ± 0.54 mm2 in the CND group vs. 2.0 ± 0.33 mm2 in the HFD group, p<0.05), and percent area stenosis (52.0 ± 7.96% in the CND group vs. 62.4 ± 5.15% in the HFD group, p<0.05). Body weight change was not different between the two groups. Increased serum cholesterol level activated vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation in the porcine coronary overstretch model.

An 8-year-old castrated male Maltese dog (patient) was referred to our institute with refractory canine babesiosis. The patient had previously responded to conventional treatment with atovaquone and azithromycin; however, anemia had recurred at six weeks after treatment withdrawal. No effect was observed on the administration of the same medication along with diminazene aceturate. On blood analysis, mild anemia was identified, with the absolute reticulocyte count indicating a markedly regenerative state. On Diff-Quik-stained peripheral blood film examination, the parasitic protozoan Babesia gibsoni was observed, and based on further laboratory examinations, a relapse of babesiosis was confirmed. Based on a previous study of drug-resistant variants of B. gibsoni and therapeutic trials, the treatment was then changed to a combination therapy of clindamycin, doxycycline, and metronidazole. Subsequently, the patient’s condition improved rapidly — B. gibsoni was not detected in the blood film and the PCR analysis for it was negative. This treatment was discontinued at six weeks after treatment initiation; however, at seven weeks after the treatment withdrawal, another relapse of babesiosis was confirmed and treatment was restarted with the same protocol. This treatment was effective again and lasted for 12 weeks. However, anemia recurred again at five weeks after withdrawal of the previous treatment and was corrected by restarting the same treatment protocol. This third treatment continued for 24 weeks and was finally stopped at the request of the client. The patient has reportedly been doing well with no manifestation of clinical signs and symptoms. This case report demonstrates that the clindamycin- doxycycline-metronidazole combination therapy against atovaquone and azithromycin-resistant B. gibsoni may be effective in improving the clinical manifestation of symptoms of canine babesiosis and this therapy may be an alternative treatment strategy.

This study compares the differences in the gastrointestinal transit time between the conventional capsule endoscope and a minimized capsule endoscope model in normal dogs to verify whether the minimization of capsule endoscope can help relief retention in the gastrointestinal tract, especially in the pyloric passage. Three male beagles were used as the experimental group for which the minimized capsule endoscope model was orally administered and the control group consisted of three beagle dogs for which the conventional capsule endoscope was orally administered. Nine experiments were conducted with three experiments for each dog in each group. The results showed a significant difference in the gastric transit time (GTT) by the minimization of the capsule endoscope between the two groups (control group: 123.3 ± 80 min, experimental group: 63.3 ± 40.9 min, p=0.019). In contrast, the difference in the small bowel transit time (SBTT) by the minimization of the capsule endoscope between the two groups (control group: 86.6 ± 58.9 min, experimental group: 80 ± 33.5 min, p=0.863) was not significant. In this study, the capsule endoscopes reached the large intestine without retention in the small intestine in all subjects. The significant difference in the GTT between the control group using the conventional capsule endoscope and the experimental group using the minimized capsule endoscope model suggests that the smaller size of the capsule endoscope is helpful in resolving retention in the gastrointestinal tract, thus shorting the GTT.

고추 비가림하우스에서 에어포그 시스템을 이용한 무인방제 효과를 평가하기 위해 본 시험을 수행하였다. 에어포그 시스템과 동력분무기를 이용한 관행방제의 약제살포 시간은 동일한 약량으로 살포하였을 때 처리 간에 차이가 없었으나, 에어포그 시스템으로 1/2약량을 살포하였을 때는 관행방제 보다 살포시간이 약 50% 줄었다. 약제부착 능력을 감수지로 조사하였을 때, 고추 생육초기와 중기에는 모든 처리에서 약제 부착이 우수 하였지만, 생육후기에는 관행방제의 약제 부착이 에어포그 시스템보다 균일하지 않았다. 처리별 총채벌레 살충률은 관행살포 90.0%, 에어포그 시스템 90.8%, 에어포그 시스템 1/2약량이 83.5% 로 유사한 방제효과를 나타내었다. 이러한 결과로 에어포그 시스템은 고추 비가림하우스 내에서 노동시간과 약제 살포량을 줄이면서 총채벌레를 효과적으로 방제할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

경북 영양지역 고추 비가림하우스 재배지에서 2016년부터 2018년까지 주요 해충의 발생양상을 조사하였다. 발생조사는 영양읍, 청기면, 일월면을 중심으로 임의 10개 포장을 선정하여 4월부터 10월까지 실시하였다. 총채벌레류는 5월 중순, 6월 중순, 7월 상순∼중순, 9월 중순∼9월 하순에 걸쳐 총 4회의 발생최성기를 보였고 꽃노랑총채벌레가 84.8%로 우점하였다. 총채벌레 피해과율은 조사연도에 따라 0.8~7.3%로 조사되었다. 담배나방 유충에 의한 과실피해 는 7월 상순, 8월 중순, 9월 중순~9월 하순에 많이 발생하였다. 진딧물류는 5월 중순～5월 하순, 7월 중순∼8월 하순에 걸쳐 연 2회의 발생최성기를 보였다. 가루이류는 8월 중순～8월 하순, 9월 하순～10월 상순에 걸쳐 연 2회의 발생최성기를 나타냈으며, 담배가루이가 98.1%, 온실가루이가 1.9%로 담배가루이가 우점종인 것으로 확인되었다.

Small hive beetle (Aethina tumida Murray, 1867) (SHB) is one of the important pests of bee keeping industry. This species is endemic in sub-Saharan region of Africa that has recently became an invasive and distributing rapidly throughout the world. Recent detections of SHB in Philippines, Brazil and South Korea indicate that SHB has the potential to become a global pest for apiculture and wild bees. Having enough knowledge about the population source of invasion can help understand the pest ecology and develop the control tactics. SHB has invaded to South Korea in 2017 and cause heavy damage to apiaries in Miryang City, in south-eastern part of Korea and the origin of this pest is still unknown. The aim of this study is to evaluate the phylogenetic position and origin of Korean population of SHB. We sampled the SHB from different bee hives in Miryang city and used 922 bp part of cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) region of mitochondrial DNA to compare with all previously reported COI sequences of SHB. The result showed that the population of SHB in south Korea is classified with South Africa, Zimbabwe, Madagascar, Canada, Australia and USA populations in one clade and among them, the lowest genetic distance between South Korean and USA populations indicated that most likely the SHB was imported from the United states to South Korea. No genetic difference has been detected between studied sequences from Korean population indicating that the invasion would had happen in one occasion.

The purpose of this study is to establish how community garden spaces should be used to restore communities engaged in village-rehabilitation projects. To achieve this purpose, we have analyzed the perceptions of local residents conducting a town-development project. The community reviewed the benefits of having a garden to improve the residents’ quality of life and comfort. Given the role of gardens in revitalizing communities, it is necessary to build spaces where residents can relax and enjoy community life. Those who participated in this study hoped that their community garden would provide shade and relaxation, a children’s play area, green spaces, and places for conversation. The space and facilities provided by community gardens vary, in accordance with the expectations and needs of each community. It is therefore inappropriate to apply uniform garden designs to all community gardens. Between 20% and 25% of a community garden should be allocated to each of the following: community space, ornamental space, and space for relaxation. As plants that provide shade and help to maintain the ecosystem are strongly preferred in community gardens, all plants should be chosen for their environmental benefits and functionality, rather than aesthetics. Residents may be willing to participate in a range of activities, including community events, the cultivation of plants, and garden management. Towns must therefore set up programs to support these activities. It is essential to continue studying and investigating the formation of community spaces and facilities, reflecting the characteristics of each community.