Laundry services are becoming more specialized and diversified. Therefore, this study investigated consumers’ perceptions of professional laundry shops by analyzing social media data. For this purpose, text data from blogs, cafés, and Q&A sections (‘Ji-Sik-In’) on the portal site, naver.com, was collected. Sixty-four keywords were extracted from 2,213 social texts and transformed into a one-mode matrix using KrKwic, a program for the analysis of Korean text. Semantic network analysis was conducted to understand the network structure and the results were visualized using NodeXL. Keywords included fashion items and materials that require specialized professional laundry services, words related to the establishment of laundry shops, and laundry shop brands. Essential keywords of professional laundry shops included ‘luxury,’ ‘footwear,’ ‘removal,’ ‘bag,’ ‘leather,’ ‘sneakers,’ ‘padding,’ ‘premium,’ ‘dyeing,’ and ‘franchise.’ These results could be used to deduce that consumers perceive a professional laundry shop as a franchise shop offering specialized professional laundry services. A cluster analysis was conducted to identify the types of consumer perceptions of professional laundry shops. The network was divided into three groups: ‘specialized professional laundry service,’ ‘laundry and repair of winter coats and jackets,’ and ‘the establishment of a professional laundry shop.’ According to the results, consumers perceive professional laundry shops as franchises that offer specialized professional laundry services rather than general laundry services. Therefore, professional laundry shops need a strategy to develop special laundry services that differentiate them from other companies and communicate with consumers about these services.

The physiologically advantageous aspects of green tea have been identified recently and green tea has been a favorite drink of many people. Due to the increased awareness of green tea’s positive effects on human health, the demand for foods containing green tea has increased. This has led to the development of diverse green tea-related beverages; thereby many companies in Korea have put a wide variety of manufactured green tea beverages on the market. However, the components within green tea beverages have not been examined in Korea yet. In this study, we investigated the contents of the physiologically functional materials found in green tea, such as catechin, catechin gallate, epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, epigallocatecin gallate, gallocatechin gallate and caffeine. Fifty-six green tea products purchased from the local grocery stores and cafes were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. As a result, all tested products contained catechin and caffeine, although the amount of each component was largely different. The total amount of catechin derivatives in the manufactured green tea beverages purchased from cafes was 263.17 mg/L, while they were 61.99 mg/L in the beverages purchased from the local grocery stores. And, to the almost samples the amount of caffeine was proportional to the amount of catechin.

While the number of English-medium instruction (EMI) courses has increased in many EFL universities, relatively little attention has been paid to students who encounter language difficulties in EMI courses. In order to develop language support programs for Korean undergraduate students in foreign professors’ EMI courses, this study collected and analyzed the syllabi of target courses to identify what English language skills are necessary for these courses. Findings suggest that priority should be given to teaching research-oriented English skills such as academic writing skills, with particular emphasis on how to use primary and secondary sources. Furthermore,students need to acquire speaking skills based on an understanding of readings or lectures so as to participate in discussions and to make presentations. Given the greater number of opportunities to interact with foreign professors, it is necessary as well to teach the appropriate mode of speaking to them. This study also discusses the potential of syllabus analysis as a method to complement needs analysis and to develop language support programs for specific contexts.

Osteoarthritis is one of the commonest causes associated with age-related damage of articular cartilage. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are commonly used in osteoarthritic patient. However, long term administration of these drugs results gastrointestinal disorders. Though, most studies have demonstrated in the past that bee venom has therapeutic effect on diseases related to inflammation and pains, but its anti-inflammatory properties have not been so far studied on inflamed chondrocytes (LPS induced) invitro. For the purpose, the study was carried out to determine the effect of bee venom on porcine articular chondrocyte cell using microarray. In this study, we found that 2,235 significantly associated gene (1,404 up-regulated genes and 831 down-regulated genes) that were expressed on inflamed and non inflamed chondrocytes during proliferation. Among the 1,404 up-regulated genes and 831 down-regulated genes, known genes were 372 and 237, respectively. On the other hand, bee venom significantly reduced expression of fetuin involved in acute inflammatory reaction. Our results suggest that this study could be useful database in gene expression profiling of chondrocyte cell treated with bee venom.