The development of biochemical pesticides to replace existing chemical pesticides and the search for new substances with potential insecticidal ability are continuously required. The purpose of this study is to control myzus persicae with pyrethrum biochemical pesticide containing of high concentration of pyrethrin as an active ingredient. Pyrethrum dried powder was extracted with 95% ethanol for different periods of time and it was confirmed that the pyrethrin content increased as the extraction period increased and the extraction conditions for 20 days had the highest yield with 0.2% pyrethrin. We produced a prototype containing 0.13% pyrethrin content (pyrethrin II: 0.06%, pyrethrin I: 0.06%). and in 200 fold dilute spray condition. It showed a 77.2% corrected mortality against myzus persicae which is comparable to chemical pesticide. We are continuously researching to reduce the decomposition of active ingredients and look for additives to increase the insecticidal activity.

Euzophera batangensis (Lepidotera: Pyralidae) is seriously damaging trunks or branches of persimmon tree (Diospyros sp.). We tested the attractiveness of (Z)-9-tetradecen-1-ol (Z9-14OH) and (Z9,E12)-tetradeca- 9,12-dien-1-ol (Z9,E12-14OH) with single or blended baits at southern parts of Korea in 2014 and 2015. The monoene was not attractive at all at three places during the two years. In 2014, diene was equally or more attractive than the mixture in Jinju and Suncheon, respectively. In 2015 too, the attractiveness of diene and mixture was not different in Jinju and Munsan. Monitoring of the seasonal occurrence of E. batangesis with the sex pheromone components revealed that it occurred three times a year; the first occurrence from early April to mid May, the second from early Jun to mid July, and the third from late August to late September.

Allomyrina dichotoma is a typical pet beetles in Korea. From 2010, similar symptoms of milky spore disease were found collectively in grubs of the species reared in insect farms. They shared a specific symptom that the skin of last instar larvae was changed softer with opaque white and infested grubs eventually died. To clarify the cause of the symptom, we collected the larvae of A. dichotoma from five farms and examined intestinal bacterial florae of them using pyrosequencing technique. From those results, a member of Paenibacillus was found only in the larvae showing the symptom of disease. Through PCR analysis using a Paenibacillus specific primer set, we obtained the partial 16S rRNA gene sequence and confirmed the microbe as Paenibacillus sp. For detailed characterizing, a whole guts was extracted from each larva showing the sign of the disease and incubated at 70℃ for 15 min to isolate spore forming bacteria. After then, each content of guts was cultured on MYPGPNAL agar medium (12.5 μg/ml of nalidixic acid) at 30℃. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis for six isolate showed that they were closely related to P. rigui (97.5~98.0% similarity) and to P. chinjuensis (95.9~96.6% similarity). Additional tests including API test and cellular fatty acid composition analysis were performed, but the strain couldn’t be identified at species level, suggesting it may represent novel species of the genus Paenibacillus.

액체형태의 건강보조식품이나 기능성 식품 및 의약품에 이용하기 위한 계피 extract를 제조하는데 있어서 적합한 건조방법을 선정하고자 농축 및 건조방법이 계피 extract의 품질에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 추출 시험에서 선정된 최적조건 즉, 물을 용매로 할 때는 80℃에서 10배량의 물을 가하여 1시간씩 3회 추출하고, 70% 에탄올을 용매로 할 경우에는 80℃에서 5배량의 용매를 가하여 1시간씩 2회 추출한 다음 각각의 추출액을 오븐건조, 감압농축건조, 분무건조, 냉동건조의 방법으로 건조시켜 농축물을 조제하였다. 이때 지표성분인 cinnamic acid, 유효성분인 eugenol과 cinnamic aldehtde가 건조방법에 의한 영향을 가장 많이 받아서 물추출액의 경우에 오븐건조 시에는 추출액의 4.76%∼44.12%, 감압건조 시 5.30%∼48.05%, 분무건조 시 3.66%∼21.83%, 냉동건조 시에는 56.21%∼88.76%, 잔존율을 나타냈고, 70% 에탄올 추출액의 경우에는 감압건조 시 9.40%∼25.40%, 냉동건조 시 76.05%∼88.38의잔존율을 나타냈다. 항산화활성도의 변화도 이와 유사하였으며 70% 에탄올 추출구가 물추출구에 비하여 감소율이 적었다. 갈색도는 건조온도가 높을수록 증가하였으며 탄닌과 유리당 함량은 큰 변화가 없었다. 물리적 성질 중 용해도는 오븐 건조했을 때 가장 낮았으며 70% 에탄올 추출액을 건조하였을 때 용해도가 더욱 낮았다. 이상의 결과를 종합해보면 물추출액의 경우에는 냉동건조, 70% 에탄올 추출액의 경우에는 냉동건조와 감압농축 건조방법이 지표성분이나 유효성분함량, 항산화활성도의 변화가 적으며 용해도 등의 품질 변이가 적으므로 계피 추출액의 농축에 적합하였다.