Recent advances in computer technology have made it possible to solve numerous challenges but require faster hardware development. However, the size of the classical computer has reached its physical limit, and researchers' interest in quantum computers is growing, and it is being used in various engineering fields. However, research using quantum computing in structural engineering is very insufficient. Therefore, in this paper, the characteristics of qubits, the minimum unit of quantum information processing, were grafted with the crow search algorithm to propose QCSA (quantum crow search algorithm) and compare the convergence performance according to parameter changes. In addition, by performing the optimal design of the example truss structure, it was confirmed that quantum computing can be used in the architectural field.

Middle size of membrane retractable roof is under 25m span which consists of various moving systems. Trolley is the system that leads the membrane to parking place, transferring the load from the membrane to structural cable. When membrane closes roof completely, thus, structural behavior of trolley, which may contain various material with different friction coefficients, should be investigated by vertical load. Nummerical simulation of trolley prototypes, in this research, was performed by incrementation of vertical load. Consequently, this paper studied proper friction characteristics and provided the effective inner materials of trolley.

Building hardware joints are welded in most cases, which have risks of fire and explosion. Besides, the secondary damage of the destruction of the welded parts can be caused by the horizontal displacement of the structure due to earthquake or wind load. This paper compared the horizontal displacement following abilities of welded building hardware and non-welded building hardware. To do this, We conducted actual formation shake table test, and checked on the horizontal displacement following ability of structure by comparing their responses to earthquake load. We made the 2m-high framework to examine the responses of the actually constructed building hardwares, and analyzed the displacement responses of the welded-typed, non-welded-typed, and cruciform bracket building hardwares. We conducted the test by increasing acceleration rate until displacement reached 40mm corresponding to allowable relative story displacement II. The result of the test showed that the building hardware using welding work made cracking and breakage on welded connections of welded building hardware, but non-welded building hardware with no use of welding work and cruciform bracket building hardware make no problem, and that non-welded building hardware is superior to that of the welded building hardware in the horizontal displacement following ability due to earthquake or wind load.

Membrane structure is a system that is stabilized by maintaining a tensile state of the membrane material that originally cannot resist the bending or pressure. Also, it is a system that allows the whole membrane structure to bear external loads caused by wind or precipitation such as snow, rain and etc. Tension relaxation phenomenon can transpire to the tension that is introduced to the fabric over time, due to the innate characteristics of the membrane material. Thus, it is important to accurately understand the size of the membrane tension after the completion of the structures, for maintenance and management purposes. The authors have proposed the principle of theoretically and indirectly measuring the tension by vibrating the membrane surface with sound waves exposures against the surface, which is compartmentalized by a rectangular boundary, and by measuring the natural frequency of the membrane surface that selectively resonates. The authors of this paper measured the tension of preexisting membrane structure for its maintenance by using the developed portable measurement equipment. Through analyzing the measurement data, the authors review the points that should be improved and the technical method for the new maintenance system of membrane tension.

Recent increases in the use of Deep Deck, and the study was carried out much of the Deep Deck in the country. Research is the most studies on the behavior of the composite slab after the concrete is cured. However, the large stress is generated in the work load(150kgf/m2) at the time of pouring concrete. The Deep Deck does not satisfy the provisions of deflection during construction when applied to more than 6.0m span. In this study, installed a strand or reinforcing bar at the bottom of the Deep Deck. The pressing force of tension on the strand and rebar was carried out an experiment to produce an upward deflection of the Deep Deck. The loading experiment was carried out and the pressing force the UTM load.

These days, the Composite Slabs with Deep deck plate was commonly used in domestic construction site, and, the application of the Slim Floor system was increased from the Enlargement and High-rise Building. But, Slim Floor system using the deep deck was shown safety problem caused by the deflection and local buckling in construction phase when used to more than 6m. Therefore, for solving the problem, the installation of the shores is essential. This study is realize the long span slab without shores from control the deflection through applied the pre-tensioning elements in cap deck. In addition, by applying the pre-tensioning member as the tensile member of the Cap Deck composite slab, the pre-tensioning member for the shores tries to be used as the structural member. Accordingly, to determine the flexural performance of the Cap deck composite slab through the pre-tensioning force in tensile member, and, the composite effect of the cap deck composite slab by the experiments.

본 연구는 마이크로 스케일의 내부 구조를 갖는 3차원 인공지지체를 제작하기 위하여 개발된 제조 시스템의 성능 분석을 위해 x-y축 정밀 스테이지 시스템으로 조립되었을 때의 해상도 및 정확도를 측정 하였으며, z축 정밀 스테이지를 분리하여 다양한 물리적 오차를 제거하였다. 기존의 x-y-z축 정밀 스테이 지 시스템을 x-y축으로 분리하고 각 축의 이동거리를 4종류(±0.25μm, ±0.5μm, ±25μm, ±50μm)로 설정하여 각 위치마다의 변위를 레이저 측정기를 이용하여 기록하였다. 가장 작은 이동거리(±0.25μm)에서의 진동이 상대적으로 가장 크게 나타났으며, y축 스테이지 위에 x축 스테이지를 조립하였기 때문에 x축 스테이지 자중에 의한 모멘텀으로 인하여 y축 스테이지 구동변위 값이 크게 나타났다. 하지만 z축 스테이지는 기존 시스템과 달리 별로도 분리하여 구동 오차를 줄였으며, 일체화된 광학시스템을 적용하여 광학오차를 감 소시켰다. 따라서 새로운 시스템에서는 500μW, 140mm/min의 가공조건에서도 마이크로 스케일의 3차원 인 공지지체 형상의 구조물을 성공적으로 제작할 수 있었다.

본 연구는 일반 콘크리트와 SBR 라텍스 개질 콘크리트의 부착강도 특성을 분석하고자 신 구 콘크리트로 구성된 직접인장 시험체를 제작하여 부착강도를 측정하였다. 이때, 시험체와 측정기의 연결장치가 $360^{\circ}$ 회전이 가능하도록 시험장비를 개선하여 시험체의 편심이 부착강도 측정에 미치는 영향을 최소화였다. 주요 실험변수로는 라텍스 혼입율, 표면 처리상태, 표면 함수상태로 정하였으며 실험결과는 다음과 같다; 라텍스 혼입률이 증가함에 따라 부착강도도 증가하였으며, 혼입률 15%에서 37%의 증진을 보였다. 이것은 라텍스가 골재와 시멘트 페이스트 사이에 충전되어 필름 막을 형성하고 부착력을 증진시켰기 때문인 것으로 판단된다. 표면처리에 따라 부착강도의 변화를 고찰한 결과, 샌드 그라인딩과 와이어 부러쉬에 의해 표면처리를 하였을 경우 부착강도는 단순 절단한 경우보다 약 49% 증가하였다. 표면함수 상태에 따른 영향을 고찰한 결과, 부착강도는 기존 콘크리트 표면이 건조하였을 경우에 가장 작게 나타났고, 자유수가 표면에 있을 때가 그 다음을 나타냈으며, 표면건조포화상태에선 37% 증가하여 가장 크게 나타났다. 따라서 부착강도를 증진시키기 위해서는 적절한 표면처리와 표면함수상태의 유지가 필수적임을 알 수 있었다.

실리콘광전증배관(Silicon Photomultiplier, SiPM)과 두 층의 섬광 픽셀 배열을 이용한 반응 깊이 측정 검출기를 설계하였으며, 위치 측정 능력을 DETECT2000을 사용하여 검증하였다. 섬광 픽셀의 면 처리와 반사체 조합을 통해 섬광 픽셀과 감마선이 반응한 위치를 추적하였다. 아래층은 광학적으로 연결된 부분을 제외하고 반사체로 처리하였으며, 위층은 가장 외곽부분을 제외하고 모두 광학적으로 연결되도록 처리하여 빛의 공유가 아래층에 비해 자유롭도록 구성하였다. 거울반사체와 난반사체, 섬광 픽셀의 거친 면과 매끈한 면의 조합을 통해 평면 영상을 획득하였으며, 층별 영상이 생성되는 위치를 측정하여 분석하였다. 앵거 알고 리듬을 사용하여 SiPM의 16채널 신호를 4개의 채널로 감소시켜 영상을 재구성하였다. 섬광 픽셀의 거친 면과 모든 반사체 조합에서 두 층으로 구분되는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며, 매끈한 면일 경우에는 모두 층 구분이 불가능한 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 거친 면의 섬광 픽셀과 반사체 조합을 사용한 검출기를 사용할 경우 전임상용 PET에서 반응 깊이 측정을 통해 검출 시야 외곽에서의 공간분해능을 향상시킬 수 있을 것이다.

파장변이섬유를 사용한 새로운 반응 위치 측정 양전자방출 단층촬영기기 검출기를 개발하였으며, 이에 대한 최적화 작업을 수행하였다. 섬광체 2개와 파장변이섬유 3개를 사용하고, 파장변이섬유 끝에 센서를 부착하여 최적화 모듈을 설계하였다. 섬광체와 파장변이섬유 및 센서를 연결시키는 연결물질과 섬광체와 파장변이섬유의 반사체 물질에 따른 센서에서의 빛 수집율 및 센서별 빛 수집 비를 통해 최적의 조합을 도출하였다. 연결물질은 에폭시를 사용하고 반사체 물질은 섬광체와 파장변이섬유에서 각각 난반사체 및 거울반사체를 사용한 조합에서, 가장 높은 빛 수집율과 센서별 빛 수집 비를 보였다.

Membrane structure is a system that is stabilized by maintaining a tensile state of the membrane material that originally cannot resist the bending or pressure. Also, it is a system that allows the whole membrane structure to bear external loads caused by wind or precipitation such as snow, rain and etc. Tension relaxation phenomenon can transpire to the tension that is introduced to the fabric over time, due to the innate characteristics of the membrane material. Thus, it is important to accurately understand the size of the membrane tension after the completion of the structures, for maintenance and management purposes. The authors of this paper developed the new portable measurement equipment by using sound wave and measured the tension of pre-existing membrane structure for its maintenance by using the equipment. Through analyzing the measurement data, the authors propose the points that should be improved and the technical method for the new maintenance system of membrane tension.

Gelatin zymograms of bFF and bS showed GA110 and 62 kDa gelatinses in adsition to several minor ones. Of these, GA110 gelatinase was abolished by treating bFF or bS with bOF and interestingly, its enzymatic activity was enhanced by adding EDTA to bFF or bS before zymographic analyses. Experiments using specific inhibitors of MMPs indicated that GA110 and 62 kDa proteins were indeed gelatinases. Immunoblotting experiments using an antibody against human MMP-2 showed that both GA110 and 62 kDa were an MMP-2 isoform and active MMP-2, respectively. The results suggest that the interaction between bFF and bOF can occur at the time of fertilization.