목적: 스포츠 분야에서 발생하는 폭력의 심각성이 드러나면서 스포츠 폭력에 대한 제도적 노력과 학계의 연구가 지속되어 왔다. 그러나 실태 파악에 관한 관심에 비해 스포츠 폭력의 개념과 그 유형에 대한 학문적 논의는 부족 하였다. 본 연구는 스포츠 폭력의 의미와 구조를 재조명하고 관련 연구경향을 살펴보았으며, 스포츠 폭력의 유형 에서 심리적 폭력을 개념화하고자 하였다. 방법: 본 연구를 위해 문헌연구와 체계적 문헌고찰 방법 사용하였으며, 전문가 집단의 자문을 받았다. 결과: 현재까지 제도적인 스포츠 폭력 관련 조사는 선수가 운동현장에서 겪은 폭 력 피해(실태)에 집중함으로써 주로 대인 간 폭력의 범주에서 수행되었다. 학계의 경우 대인 간 폭력 뿐 아니라 사회현상의 측면을 포함해 스포츠 폭력을 정의하는 경향도 발견할 수 있었으나, 스포츠 폭력의 개념에 직접적으 로 접근한 문헌은 매우 적은 수준으로 나타났다. 이에 광범위한 의미를 포괄하는 일반적 폭력의 정의를 토대로 스포츠 폭력의 의미를 재구성하였다. 또한, 최근 스포츠 폭력의 심리적 영향에 대한 심각성이 대두됨에도, 국내 스포츠 폭력에서 심리적 영역은 매우 미미한 수준으로 언급되고 있었으며, 언어폭력 내에서 심리적 영역이 논의 되는 경향도 나타났다. 이에 따라, 스포츠에서 심리적 폭력에 대한 개념적 논의의 필요성을 밝히고, 이를 개념화 하였다. 결론: 본 연구는 WHO에서 제시한 폭력의 개념에 근거하여 스포츠 폭력의 의미를 재조명하였으며, IOC 가 제시한 ‘비우발적 폭력’에서 독자적으로 분류한 심리적 영역의 의미를 토대로 스포츠에서 심리적 폭력을 개념 화하였다. 이러한 연구는 스포츠에서 폭력을 보다 포괄적 수준에서 해석할 수 있는 근거를 제시할 뿐 아니라, 스 포츠에서 심리적 폭력을 하나의 주요 영역으로 다루어야 할 동력과 이해의 틀을 제공하는 것에 그 의의가 있다.

Freesia is one of the most popular flowers over the world including Korea, due to the fragrance and beauty of the plant flower. The first domestic freesia cultivar ‘Shiny Gold’ was developed by NIHHS, RDA, in 2003, which has yellow double and large petals and strong fragrance. Ten years have passed since ‘Shiny Gold’ was cultivated at floral farms, and the deterioration of cut flower quality and yield are reported from the farms. Virus infection causes a reduction in the quantity and quality of the cut freesia flowers and is one of the most serious problems in Korea. Virus detection was carried by reverse transcription polymer chain reaction (RT-PCR) for FreMV, FreSV, BYMV, CMV, and TRV, as known to infect freesia. FreMV, FreSV, BYMV, and TRV were detected single or multiply, and CMV was not found in the freesia leaves collected from the farms. To produce virus-free freesia, meristem culture of ‘Shiny Gold’ was conducted in MS medium added ribavirin at different concentration. As the increased of ribavirin concentration, the growth of ‘Shiny Gold’ plantlets was inhibited in freesia’Shiny Gold’. The plantlets produced by meristem culture in ‘Shiny Gold’ were virus free at the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) level.

Magnaporthe oryzae is a causal pathogen of the rice blast, the most destructive disease of rice worldwide. This ascomycete fungus has been intensively studied as a model organism in plant-pathogen interactions. Recently, the genome sequence of M. oryzae 70-15 was published by International Rice Blast Consortium. This led us to investigate comparative and functional analysis of this pathogen at genome-wide level. As a first step, sequencing project of M. oryzae Korean strain KJ201 was launched to face practical interests on diversity of plant pathogens. We constructed a fosmid library with a copy number controllable pCC1 vector. Over 13,000 end reads from 6637 fosmid clones were generated and anchored on genome sequence of the strain 70-15. Currently, 9,793 end reads, in which 2.684, clones with both ends and 1,757 clones with on end matched, are aligned to the sequence of strain 70-15. In the next step, shotgun sequencing of fosmid clones was conducted for fine scale comparative analysis of chromosome 7 that is well defined in genome sequencing of 70-15. Totally 119 fosmid clones were pooled in region and analyzed. For reasonable intra-species comparison in genome of M. oryzae, two strains, KJ201 and Guy11, were chosen for whole genome shotgun sequencing analysis with GS454 FLX system. About 8X genome coverage sequences were obtained for each strain and being merged for comparative analysis. Genome information of other strains is being also available from China and Japanese research groups and could be joined together for extended comparative analysis and the results give more detail in genome diversity in species level.

‘Seohong’ was bred within the potato breeding program of National Institute of Highland Agriculture (NIHA). It was originated from a cross made in 1997 between ‘Jashim’ as a female and 93K65-1 as a male parent. Seohong was evaluated as a seedling number 97S05-1 for tuber characteristics, growth and yielding ability from 2001 to 2002, and than this clone was renamed as Daegwan 1-82. This clone was evaluated in the regional yield trial and the disease resistance in the five locations for three years. Finally, this clone was named as ‘Seohong’ and registered a new recommended potato cultivar in 2006. This cultivar has a round, shallow eye depth, light red-skinned tuber characteristics and low to medium dry matter content. It showed high resistance to common scab (Streptomyces scabies) and potato leaf roll virus (PLRV), however it was susceptible to potato virus Y (PVY) and late blight (Phytophthora infestans). Its mean tuber yields from the regional yield trial and winter cropping trial were 12 and 49 percent higher than that of ‘Superior’, respectively.

“Haryeong” was bred through the potato breeding program at the National Institute of Highland Agriculture (NIHA). Itin1996. It has a round, smooth, light yelow-skined tuber characteristics and high dry mater content. It showed high resistance tolate bligh