This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of high-oleate and normal-oleate peanut consumption on adipose mass and serum lipids in obese-induced C57BL/6J mice. After four weeks of the high-fat diet, mice were randomly divided into six groups: normal control (NC) diet, high-fat control (HFC) diet, high-oleate peanut-seed (HOPS) diet, normal-oleate peanut-seed (NOPS) diet, high-oleate peanut-oil (HOPO) diet, and olive-oil (OO) diet. After four weeks, all four experimental diet groups showed significantly lower body weight and epididymal fat weight than HFC group. In four experimental diet groups, serum triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were significantly lower, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly higher than HFC group. TG was significantly decreased in HOPS group (92.1±1.2 mg/dL) than NOPS group (101.7±5.3 mg/dL, p<0.05). Similarly, LDL-C was significantly lower in HOPS group (66.1±2.8 mg/dL) than NOPS (76.9±1.5 mg/dL, p<0.05), on the other hand, HDL-C indicated a significant elevation in HOPS (50.5±2.1 mg/dL) than NOPS group (45.2±1.6 mg/dL, p<0.05). This result suggests that the consumption of high-oleate peanut has a favorable effect on the plasma lipid profile.

A new peanut variety ‘Daan’(Arachis hypogaea ssp. hypogaea L.) was developed at the Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS) in Milyang 2014. This was developed from the cross between ‘Iksan 31’ with Virginia typed short stem and ‘Dakwang’ with Shinpung-typed larger grain. ‘Daan’ which is a Shinpung plant type had 13 branches per plant and its length of main stem was 44cm. Each pod has two grains with brown testa and long ellipse-shaped large kernel. Its yield components showed 34 pods per plant, 127 g of 100-seed-weight and 75% of pod shelling ratio in the regional yield trials (RYT). Seed quality showed 47.8% of crude oil and 28.3% of protein content. This variety showed resistant to early leaf spot and had more resistant to late leaf spot, stem rot and lodging, compared to reference variety. In the regional yield trials for 3 years ‘Daan’ was more productive than reference variety by 16% with 5.00 MT/ha for grain production.

A new peanut variety ‘Heuksaeng’(Arachis hypogaea ssp. hypogaea L.) was developed at the Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS) in 2014. This was developed from the cross between ‘Iksan 31’ with Virginia typed short stem and ‘Iksan 35’ with large grain. ‘Heuksaeng’ is the first purple testa variety developed in Korean. It has 25 branches per plant and its length of main stem was 32 cm. Each pod has two grains with puple testa and long ellipse-shaped kernel. Its yield components showed 60 pods per plant, 69 g of 100-seed-weight and 77% of pod shelling ratio in the regional yield trials (RYT). Seed quality showed 46.0% of crude oil and 26.9% of protein content. This variety has anthocyanins typed as delpinidin-3-glucoside (D3G) and cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) in seed testa. This variety showed more resistant to late leaf spot, web blotch, and lodging, compared to reference variety. In the regional yield trials for 2 years, ‘Heuksaeng’ with 4.25 MT/ha for grain production has the same productivity to reference variety.

A new peanut variety ‘Danwon’(Arachis hypogaea ssp. fastigiata L.) was developed at the Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS) in Milyang 2013. This was developed from the cross between ‘YG75’ with Shinpung type and ‘SP9617’ with larger grain. ‘Danwon’ is the first Shinpung typed short stem variety ever developed in Korea. It has 13 branches per plant and its length of main stem was 32 cm. Each pod has two grains with brown testa and long ellipse-shaped large kernel. Its yield components showed 40 pods per plant, 91 g of 100-seed-weight and 77% of pod shelling ratio in the regional yield trials (RYT). Seed quality showed 48.7% of crude oil and 26.9% of protein content. This variety showed more resistant to early and late leaf spot, web blotch, stem rot and lodging, compared to reference variety. In the regional yield trials for 3 years ‘Danwon’ was more productive than reference variety by 6% with 4.52 MT/ha for grain production.

A new peanut variety ‘K-Ol’(Arachis hypogaea ssp. fastigiata L.) was developed at the Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS) in Milyang 2013. This was developed from a cross between ‘Baekseon’ with Shinpung type and ‘F435-5’ with high oleic acid. ‘K-Ol’ is the first high oleate variety in Korean and has short stem and Shinpung plant type. It has 10 branches per plant and its length of main stem was 43 cm. Each pod has two grains with brown testa and short ellipse-shaped kernel. Its yield components showed 46 pods per plant, 74 g of 100-seed-weight and 76% of pod shelling ratio in the regional yield trials (RYT). Seed contains 26.0% protein and 50.7% crude oil with a typical fatty acid composition of 82.9% oleate and 2.7% linoleate. This variety showed more resistant to late leaf spot, web blotch, stem rot and lodging, compared to reference variety ‘Daekwang’. In the regional yield trials for 2 years ‘K-Ol’ showed 4.34 MT/ha for grain yield by 99% of production level of reference variety.

A new peanut variety ‘Huaseon’ (Arachis hypogaea ssp. hypogaea L.) was developed at the Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS) in Milyang 2013. This was developed from the cross between ‘Iksan 31’ with Virginia typed short stem and ‘SP9614’ with Shinpung-typed larger grain. ‘Huaseon’ which is a Shinpung plant type had 10 branches per plant and its length of main stem was 41 cm. Each pod has two grains with brown testa and long ellipse-shaped large kernel. Its yield components showed 45 pods per plant, 84 g of 100-seed-weight and 79% of pod shelling ratio in the regional yield trials (RYT). Seed quality showed 47.3% of crude oil and 27.6% of protein content. This variety showed resistant to early leaf spot and had more resistant to stem rot and lodging, compared to reference variety. In the regional yield trials for 3 years ‘Huaseon’ was more productive than reference variety by 12% with 4.78 MT/ha for grain production.

A new peanut variety ‘Sinpalkwang’ (Arachis hypogaea ssp. hypogaea L.) was developed at the Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS) in Milyang 2012. This was developed from the cross between line ‘HP299’, crossed high yielding variety ‘Palkwang’ and short stem cultivar ‘PI156649’, and ‘Palkwang’. ‘Sinpalkwang’ which is a Virginia plant type had 25 branches per plant and its length of main stem was 41 cm. Each pod has two grains with brown testa and long ellipse-shaped large kernel. Its yield components showed 45 pods per plant, 92 g of 100-seed-weight and 79% of pod shelling ratio in the regional yield trials (RYT). Seed quality showed 45.4% of crude oil and 29.2% of protein content. This variety also showed more resistant to web blotch, compared with reference variety. In the regional yield trials for 3 years ‘Sinpalkwang’ was more productive than reference variety by 28% with 5.4 MT/ha for grain production.

This study was conducted to develop a fast and efficient screening method to determine the quantity of fatty acid in peanut oil for high oleate breeding program. A total of 329 peanut samples were used in this study, 227 of which were considered in the calibration equation development and 102 were utilized for validation, using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS). The NIRS equations for all the seven fatty acids had low standard error of calibration (SEC) values, while high R2 values of 0.983 and 0.991 were obtained for oleic and linoleic acids, respectively in the calibration equation. Furthermore, the predicted means of the two main fatty acids in the calibration equation were very similar to the means based on gas chromatography (GC) analysis, ranging from 36.7 to 77.1% for oleic acid and 7.1 to 42.7% for linoleic acid. Based on the standard error of prediction (SEP), bias values, and R 2 statistics, the NIRS fatty acid equations were accurately predicted the concentrations of oleic and linoleic acids of the validation sample set. These results suggest that NIRS equations of oleic and linoleic acid can be used as a rapid mass screening method for fatty acid content analysis in peanut breeding program.

간식용 대립 땅콩의 선호도가 높음에 따라 대립 양질 다수 성 신품종 육성을 위하여 단경 대립인 ‘Satonoka’와 소분지 내병 단경인 ‘밀양16호’를 인공교배하여 육성한 ‘아미’의 주 요 특성을 요약하면 다음과 같다. ‘아미’는 신풍 초형으로 개 화기가 빠르고 지상부 생장습성은 직립 소분지성이다. ‘아미’ 는 ‘팔광’ 땅콩에 비해 주당협수, 성숙협비율, 협당립수 등이 높으며 100립중이 84 g인 대립품종이며, 도복은 비교적 강한 특성을 나타내며 그물무늬병, 흑반병은 비슷한 정도이다. ‘아 미’는 단백질이 26.2%, 기름함량이 50.5%이고 양질지방산중 올레산(60.5%)이 리놀산(23.6%) 보다 훨씬 더 높아 기름의 산화안정성이 양호한 특성을 가진다. ‘아미’는 3년간 지역적 응시험 결과 풋땅콩 수량이 전국평균 10.10 ton/ha로서 ‘팔 광’ 땅콩에 비하여 9% 증수되었다. ‘아미’는 대립종이므로 적 기에 파종하고, 충분한 성숙을 위하여 성숙기 병해 방제에 유 의해야 하며 강원도와 산간 고냉지를 제외한 지역에서 적응성이 높은 품종이다(품종등록 번호: 제5260호).

Anthocyanin has antioxidant and radical-scavenging effects which may protect cells from oxidative damage and reduce risk of cardiovascular diseases and cancer. A new peanut variety “Heuksaeng”(Arachis hypogaea ssp. hypogaea L.) with dark purple peanut skin was developed at the Department of Southern Area Crop Science, NICS, in Milyang in 2014. This variety was developed from the crossing line between cultivar “Iksan 31” with short stem and erect plant type and “Iksan35” with large grain and purple skin. “Heuksaeng” which is semi erect Virginia plant type has 32cm of main stem length and 25 branch number per plant. This also show more resistant to late leaf spot, web blotch and lodging, compared with check variety “Daekwang”. Each pod has two grains with ellipse shape of purple testa and its yield components is composed of 60 mature pods of per plant, 69g of 100-seed weight, 77% of pod shelling ratio in the regional yield trials(RYT). For 3 year regional yield trials the average kernel yield of “Heuksaeng” had 4.25 MT/ha similar to that of check variety. Its seed quality show 26.9% of crude protein and 46.0% of crude oil and 53.4% of oleate in fatty acid composition. Peanut skin of variety “Heuksang” consist of 2 kind of anthocyanin compounds such as 4.67mg/100g of delpinidine-3-glucoside (D3G) and 1.18mg/100g of cyanidine-3-glucoside(C3G). Peanut variety with high anthocyanin conent in skin will be useful to the recent preference of colorful food with healthful functional compounds.

Peanut is grown worldwide in the tropics and temperate zones primarily as an oilseed crop (38-54%) and protein source(25-30%). A new peanut variety “Daan”(Arachis hypogaea ssp. fastigiata L.) with the high yield potential was developed at the Department of Southern Area Crop Science, NICS, in Milyang in 2014. This was developed from the crossing line between cultivar “Sangpyeong” with short stem and high quality and “Dakwang” with large grain. “Daan” which is Shinpung plant type has 44cm of main stem length and 13 branch number per plant. Each pod has two grains with long ellipse shape of brown testa and yield components is composed of 34 mature pods of per plant, 127g of 100-seed weight, 75% of pod shelling ratio in the regional yield trials(RYT). Seed quality showed 47.8% of crude oil and 28.3% of protein content. This variety also showed more resistant to early leaf spot, late leaf spot, web blotch, stem rot and lodging compared with check variety “Daekwang”. In the regional yield trials “Daan” outyielded check variety by 16% with 5.00 MT/ha for kernel yield.

간식용 대립 땅콩의 선호도가 높음에 따라 대립 양질 다수 성 신품종 육성을 위하여 직립 대립 다수성인 '수원108호'과 조숙 단경인 '밀양4호'를 인공교배하여 육성한 ‘보름1호’의 주 요 특성을 요약하면 다음과 같다. ‘보름1호’는 신풍 초형으로 개화기가 빠르고 지상부 생장습성은 직립 소분지성이다. 보름 1호는 팔광땅콩에 비해 협당립수, 100립중 등이 높으며 100 립중이 105 g인 대립품종이며, 도복은 비교적 강한 특성을 나 타내며 갈반병, 그물무늬병, 흑반병은 비슷한 정도이다. 보름1 호는 단백질이 29.8%, 기름함량이 49.9%이고 양질지방산중 올레산(54.5%)이 리놀산(28%) 보다 더 높아 산화안정성이 양호한 특성을 가진다. ‘보름1호’는 3년간 지역적응시험 결과 풋땅콩 수량이 전국평균 10.16 ton/ha로서 ‘팔광’땅콩에 비하 여 8% 증수되었다. ‘보름1호’는 대립종이므로 적기에 파종하 고, 충분한 성숙을 위하여 성숙기 병해 방제에 유의해야 하며 강원도와 산간 고냉지를 제외한 지역에서 적응성이 높은 품 종이다(등록번호: 제 4522호).

간식용 대립 땅콩의 선호도가 높음에 따라 단경 대립 다수 성 신품종 육성을 위하여 대립 고품질인 ‘팔광’과 단경 소분 지 자원인 ‘중국수집종-1’을 인공교배하여 육성한 ‘상안’의 주요 특성을 요약하면 다음과 같다. ‘상안’은 신풍 초형으로 개화기가 빠르고 지상부 생장습성은 단경 소분지성이다. ‘상 안’은 주당 성숙협수는 40개이며 ‘대광’ 땅콩에 비해 협실비 율, 성숙립중비율, 100립중등 양호한 성숙특성을 보이며 100 립중이 96 g인 대립품종이고, 갈반병, 흑반병에 비교적 강하 고 그물무늬병과 흰비단병은 다소 발병이 되고 있으며 도복 도 비교적 강한 특성을 나타낸다. ‘상안’은 단백질이 29.1%, 기름함량이 48.5%이고 지방산은 올레산과 리놀산의 비율이 같은 특성을 가지고 있다. ‘상안’은 3년간 지역적응시험 결과 전국평균 4.87 ton로서 대광땅콩에 비하여 15% 증수되었다. ‘상안’은 경장이 짧고 신풍형으로 병해에도 비교적 강한 편이 나 충분한 성숙을 위하여 경기북부와 강원도, 산간 고냉지를 제 외한 지역에서 적응성이 높은 품종이다(등록번호 제 4717호).

간식용 대립 땅콩의 선호도가 높음에 따라 대립 양질 다수성 신품종 육성을 위하여 직립 대립인 ‘YG60’과 조숙 단경인 ‘YG55’를 인공교배하여 ‘Jaseon’육성하였다. ‘자선’은 신풍초형으로 초기 개화가 많고 잎이 농녹색이며 지상부 생장습성은 직립 소분지성이다. 주당 협수는 35개로서 팔광땅콩에 비해 2개 적으나 풋협중이 무겁고, 상품협비율(93%)이 높고, 100립중이 98 g인 대립품종이다. 생육후기까지 도복에 비교적 강한 특성을 나타내며 흑반병, 그물무늬병, 흰비단병에 비교적 강하다. ‘자선’의 조단백 함량이 26.3%, 조지방 함량이 43.2%이고 양질지방산인 올레산과 리놀산을 78.6% 함유하고 있다. ‘자선’은 3년간 지역적응시험 결과 전국평균 풋땅콩수량이 10.21 ton/ha로서 팔광땅콩에 비하여 15% 증수하였고 건조 종실중은 4.37 ton/ha로서 11% 증수하였다. ‘자선’은 대립종이므로 적기에 파종하고, 충분한 성숙을 위하여 성숙기병해 방제에 유의해야 하며 강원도와 산간 고냉지를 제외한 지역에서 적응성이 높은 품종이다.

A new peanut(Arachis hypogaea ssp. fastigiata L.) variety “Hwaseon(Milyang50)” with the high yield potential was developed at the Department of Functional Crop, NICS, in Milyang in 2013. This was developed from the crossing line between cultivar “Iksan 31” with large grain and high quality and “SP9614” with short stem. “Hwaseon” which is Shinpung plant type has 41cm of main stem length and 10 branch number per plant. Each pod has two grains with long ellipse shape of brown testa and yield components is composed of 45 mature pods of per plant, 84g of 100-seed weight, 79% of pod shelling ratio in the regional yield trials(RYT). Seed quality showed 47.3% of crude oil and 27.6% of protein content. This variety also showed more resistant to early leaf spot, and stem rot, compared with check variety “Daekwang”. In the regional yield trials “Hwaseon” outyielded check variety by 12% with 4.78 MT/ha for kernel.

High oleate oil enhance flavors and shelf life and decrease coronary heart disease mortality. A new peanut(Arachis hypogaea ssp. fastigiata L.) variety “K-Ol(Milyang56)” with high oleic acid of fatty acid composition was developed at the Department of Functional Crop, NICS, in Milyang in 2013. This variety was developed from the crossing line between cultivar “Baekseon” with large grain and erect plant type and “F435-5” with high oleate and runner type. “K-Ol” which is Shinpung plant type has 43cm of main stem length and 10 branch number per plant. This also show more resistant to late leaf spot, web blotch and stem rot, compared with check variety “Daekwang”. Each pod has two grains with short ellipse shape of brown testa and yield components is composed of 46 mature pods of per plant, 74g of 100-seed weight, 76% of pod shelling ratio in the regional yield trials(RYT). For 3 year regional yield trials the average yield of “K-Ol” had 4.45 MT/ha for kernel similar to that of check variety. Seed quality show 50.7% of crude oil and 82.9% of oleic acid. The oil acidification of “K-Ol” measured by acid value(P-A value) variation for 3 hours at 180 ℃ showed one-ninth as low as ‘Daekwang’ do. This variety is expected to develop new demand area such as the improvement of cardiovascular disorders and shelf-life, and import substitution of olive oil.

A new peanut(Arachis hypogaea ssp. fastigiata L.) variety “Danwon(Milyang51)” with short stem length and lodging resistance was developed at the Department of Functional Crop, NICS, in Miryang in 2013. This variety was developed from the crossing line between cultivar “YG 75” with large grain and fewer branch number and “SP9617” with short stem length. “Danwon” which is Shinpung plant type has 32cm of main stem length and 13 branch number per plant. Each pod has two grains with long ellipse shape of brown testa and yield components is composed of 40 mature pods of per plant, 91g of 100-seed weight, 77% of pod shelling ratio in the regional yield trials(RYT). Seed quality show 48.7% of crude oil and 26.9% of protein content. “Danwon” has resistance to lodging in even double dense planting without yield reduction. This is more resistant to early and late leaf spot, web blotch and stem rot, compared with check variety “Daekwang”. In the regional yield trials “Danwon” outyielded check variety by 6% with 4.52 MT/ha for kernel.

‘소임’ 은 잎수확을 목적으로 하는 품종육성을 위하여 1994년에 잎들깨 1호와 차조기 유전자원 YCPL173을 인공교배하여 F₁, F₂ 세대를 양성하고, F₃부터 계통 전개하여 선발한 YPL19-2B-7-3-3-1 계통이다. 주요특성은 잎모양은 둥근 심장형이며 잎색은 뒷면 자주색 발현이 양호하다. 경색은 녹색, 화색은 흰색이고 종자는 암갈색의 구형이다. 채엽재배시 일반특성은 잎들깨 1호와 비교하여 최대엽장은 16.9 cm로 비교적 작은 편이며 상품잎당 속잎비율이 높아 동계 수확작업이 용이하다. 소임은 ’02~’03년 2년간 동계시설하우스 재배에서 상품잎수가 7,172 kg/10a로 잎들깨 1호에 비해 8% 증수하였다. ’04~’05년 2년간 하계에 지역적응시험을 실시한 결과 상품잎무게는 5,410 kg/10a로 표준품종에 비해 1% 증수하였고 상품잎수도 10a당 3,417천매로 잎들깨 1호보다 13% 증수하였다.