각기 다른 해양 환경 특성을 보이는 서해, 남해, 동해, 제주 연안역을 대상으로 춘계 (5월)와 하계 (8월)에 출현한 부유성 요각류의 군집구조에 대하여 분석하였다. 봄과 여름에 출현한 부유성 요각류는 총 73종이었으며, 이 중 연안종이 28종이었다. 봄 (49종)에 비해 여름 (58종)에 출현 종이 다양하였다. 요각류 출현 개체수는 봄과 여름 Chl-a 농도가 낮게 나타난 동해연안해역에서 가장 낮았으며, 봄에 Chl-a 농도가 높게 나타난 서해연안해역에서 출현 개체수가 높게 나타났다. 그러나 여름에 제주연안해역에서 Chl-a 농도가 0.6 μg L-1으로 낮게 나타났으나, 높은 출현 개체수를 보였다. 봄에 한국 연안에서 우점적으로 출현하는 요각류는 Acartia hongi, A. ohtsukai, Paracalanus parvus s. l., Oithona similis이었다. 여름에는 이들 종 이외에 A. omorii, A. pacifica, A. steueri, Calanus sinicus, Corycaeus affinis, Corycaeus sp., Pseudodaiptomus marinus, Tortanus forcipatus이었다. Paracalanus parvus s. l.은 봄에 조사 해역에서 최우점종 또는 차우점종으로 생태적 지위를 달리하였으나, 여름에는 전 조사해역에서 최우점종으로 출현하였다. 요각류 군집특성은 수온, 염분, Chl-a 농도 등의 환경 요인에 따라 서해, 남해, 동해, 제주 4구역으로 명확하게 구분되었다.

In order to manage and rebuild fishery resources, the fishing effort should be controlled effectively. Especially in the setting up of the proper level of fishing efforts, economic standards as well as biological standards must be carefully considered to promote the sustainable and economically viable development of fisheries. This study is aimed to estimate optimal fishing effort of giant octopus by combo fishing which uses longline in Gangwon with statistical data. The result showed that current fishing effort is 28% higher than EMEY. Unit fishing cost for each voyage will be 27% lower and unit fishing profit will be 17% higher than the current situation when the fishing effort meets EMEY. Although current fishing effort is similar to the EMSY, current catching is 16% higher than MSY and 22% higher than MEY.

We conducted a questionnaire survey to analyze the current status of the coastal composite fisheries, as well as the improvement point in designing a new type coastal composite fishing boat suitable for Korean fishing environments from April to August 2017. The questionnaire composed of 20 questions about the features of the coastal composite fishing boat and fishing work. The survey sites were selected to cover all parts of the country by considering the geographical position. The significance testing for the response results was accessed by  test and ANOVA. The results revealed that more than half (59.1%) of the fishermen operated one day per voyage and operating alone topped with 22.5% in the number of crews, followed by 2 persons (20.3%) and 5 persons (22.1%). The navigation devices had a high rate of installation and GPS plotter ranked first in the devices. In addition, fish finder ranked first in fishing equipment, followed by net hauler. The most inconvenient work that they felt during the fishing operation was fish handing at 49.8% and other general fishing works like setting and hauling line, deck cleaning accounted for about 25%. The hardest work was the accident by ropes wrapped around propeller and the engine trouble came in second. The most inconvenient facilities to the present design of fishing boat was wheelhouse (76.7%), followed by fish hold (38.5%), and deck (35.1%). Furthermore, inconvenient points related to the movement of fishing gear, noise and vibration of engine, slippery deck and small fish hold exceeded 50%.

Species composition and seasonal variation of aquatic organism at Baekryeong-do, Korea were investigated using pots in 2016. A total of 42 species, 90,050 individuals and 2,351,666 g of aquatic organism were collected. Among them, there were 12 species and 3,826 individuals of fish, 15 species and 51,237 individuals of crustaceans, 2 species and 54 individuals of cephalopods, 7 species and 33,981 individuals of gastropods, 2 species and 757 individuals of echinodea, 2 species and 187 individuals of shellfish, and 1 species and 8 individuals of holothuroidea. The dominant species in number of individuals were Pagurus ochotensis, Neptunea cuming, Cancer gibbosulus, and Buccinum yokomaruae, which accounted for 70.0% of the total number individuals collected. The dominant species in biomass were Neptunea cuming, Portunus trituberculatus, Cancer gibbosulus, and Pagurus ochotensis, which accounted for 65.3% of the total biomass collected.

Maturity and spawning of the pointhead flounder, Hippoglossoides pinetorum were investigated on the basis of samples collected in the coastal waters off Gangwon-do, East Sea from January 2012 to December 2013. The average total length of H. pinetorum was 25.0 cm and 21.9 cm for females and males, respectively. The spawning period was from May to July according to monthly changes gonadosomatic index (GSI) and maturity stages. The spawning period in Gangwon-do was delayed relatively to that in Gyeongbuk-do. The mature egg diameter ranged between 300-700 ㎛. The relationship between TL and fecundity (F) was F = 63.574 TL - 1471.3 (R2=0.7603), that is, the larger total length, the more fecundity H. pinetorum had. We estimated that the TLs at 50% group maturity were 25.6 cm for females and 19.9 cm for males. The spawning ecology by sea area should be considered efficient resource management for H. pinetorum. Furthermore, it is necessary to study more on the relationships among growth, maturity and water temperature variations in the East Sea.

본 연구에서는 1995년부터 2016년까지 여름철(5월~8월) 내 동해 연안역에서 발생하는 용승에 대한 지수(Upwelling age, UA)를 산출하고 수온(Surface sea temperature, SST)과의 상관성을 분석하였다. 동해 연안 근처의 6개 기상청 자동기상관측장비 Automatic weather system, AWS)와 종관기상관측장비(Automated synoptic observing system, ASOS) 지점에서 관측된 바람자료를 이용하여 용승지수를 계산하였으며, 수온은 국립수산과학원에서 제공하는 연안정지 자료(Coastal oceanographic data, COD)와 실시간 수온 관측 시스템 (Real-time information system for aquaculture environment, RISA) 자료를 이용하였다. 정량적으로 UA의 값은 낮게 산출되었지만 냉수대 발생 시기에 UA가 상승하였으며 실제와 유사하게 모사해 내었다. UA-SST와의 상관분석에서 음(-)의 상관이 우세하게 나타났다. 냉수대가 극심했던 2013년 6월~8월 UA-SST 상관 분석 결과, 6개 분석지점에서 -0.65~-0.89의 매우 높은 상관성을 보였으며 이는 UA가 강할수록 SST가 하강하여 강한 냉수대가 출현하였음을 증명하였다. 본 연구를 통해 동해연안역의 냉수대에 따른 용승발생 경향을 장기적으로 평가 할 수 있었으며, 용승의 크기와 강도에 따른 연안 양식어장의 피해를 최소화 하는데 기여할 것으로 사료된다.

In this study, we developed a thermoelectric generation system for coastal fishing boats that allows for a high-density arrangement of thermoelectric modules, verified the improvement in performance by conducting comparative analysis between field test results and results from previous studies. The developed thermoelectric generation system was installed in a 3-ton gill-netter to analyze the engine revolutions per minute and energy production per day for each fishing process over a period of 20 days. From the experimental results, the maximum electric energy generated was 207.1 Wh, the minimum was 53.93 Wh and the average electric energy was 129.98 Wh. In accordance with the increasing of the engine r.p.m., the maximum electric production was 183 W at 1,500 r.p.m. It was approximately 80.5% of designed capacity, 227.2 W. Considering the result in the earlier research was 50.7% of designed capacity, 115.8 W. It was improved by 30% compared to the earlier one. The fishing operation was classified as departure, fishing and arrival. From the result on production analysis of electric energy, the composition of energy was 63% in fishing, 19.5% in departure and 17.5% in arrival. The electric energy production per unit hour was 42.8% in arrival, 32.9% in departure and 24.3% in fishing.

A study for species composition and abundance of the fish assemblages in the coastal Sacheon Bay, Korea were conducted using monthly collection by a shrimp beam trawl from March 2015 to February 2016. The number of individuals, biomass and species diversity indices fluctuated with the station and month. Of all 73 species collected, the dominant species in terms of numbers were Liparis tanakae, Zoarces gillii, Amblychaeturichthys hexanema, Ricuzenius pinetorum and Pleuronichys cornutus. The peak number of fishes occurred in March and April, whereas the biomass of fishes was highest in April. The numbers and biomass of fishes were lower in February corresponding with the low temperature, and diversity indices were highest in June. Due to those seasonal difference in abundance of the dominant species, fish community were divided into three main groups. In addition, seasonal difference by station of fish community were devided into four main groups. Juvenile fishes of coastal Sacheon were presented during the study period. It presented that the study area served as an important role in spawning and nursery ground for fisheries resource.

본 연구에서는 강풍에 의한 연안 용승 및 섬효과를 구체적으로 파악하기 위해서 춘계 강한 저기압 통과 전후를 대상으로 위성자료, 해양환경 및 물리적인 수직 구조와 함께 식물플랑크톤의 군집구조를 파악하였다. 5월 3일 강한 저기압이 통과하면서 남풍계열의 바람이 우점하였고, 10일 정도의 시간차를 둔 5월 12일에는 동한난류가 이동한 경로주 변해역에서 높은 엽록소값이 관찰되었다. 식물플랑크톤 수평적 군집조성은 동한난류의 영향을 강하게 받은 울진 연안과 울릉도 사이의 정점에서는 규조류가 극히 높은 밀도로 우점하였고, 상대적으로 외양인 울릉도와 독도 섬주변에서는 섬효과에 의하여 침편조류 H. akashiwo가 높은 개체수를 유지하였다. 엽록소의 수직적 분포는 울진에서 울릉도로 이어지는 정점에서 엽록소 아표층극대 (Sub-surface Chl-a Maximum)가 20 m 층에서 관찰되었고, 울릉도와 독도 섬주 변의 대부분 정점에서는 30~40 m 층까지 전 수층에 걸쳐 균일하게 높은 엽록소 형광값이 관찰되었다. 이는 섬효과에 의하여, 강한 수층혼합이 일어난 것을 의미하고, 그 결과 유광층 상부에 공급된 영양염류에 의하여 식물플랑톤이 대발생하였다. 결과적으로 춘계 한반도 남동해역 (울진-울릉도-독도) 에서는 남풍계열의 바람이 우점하면, 연안 용승이 발생할 수 있고, 이는 식물플랑크톤의 대발생에 중요한 역할을 하는 것 으로 관찰되었다. 아울러, 동해 연안해역에서 기인된 식물플 랑크톤은 동해 중앙 및 남서해역으로 공간이동하면서 울릉도-독도의 섬효과와 함께 동한난류의 사행, 소용돌이의 발달 등에 따라서 종조성이 다르게 나타날 가능성을 시사하였다.