According to the growing concerns of the public with efficiency and effects of regional policies, their assessment works have become an important issue. Up to now, several studies have been carried out on economic effects of policies using conventional cost/benefit analysis, while there have been few studies on assessment of amenity oriented policies. From the above consideration, this study tried to develop An Annual Expenditure Assessment Model (AEAM) for amenity-oriented policy-making in rural area. As a pre-work for model development, the hierarchical indices system for rural development and the classification system of expenditure were designed. Being based on high significant relationship between rural amenities and local government expenditure, a linear optimization model for maximization of regional amenity was constructed. Through a case study of Sunchang-gun, Chonbuk-province, the model applicability was ascertained.

최근 해상교통 안전성 평가의 주요 기법으로 부각되고 있는 “환경 스트레스 모델”을 구성하는 두 요소 중, 본선 주변의 지형적인 제약에 기인하는 조선 환경 스트레스 모델의 개념과 특성에 대해 살펴보고, 이러한 기법을 항만이나 항로의 설계시 그 안전성 평가에 어떻게 활용할 수 있는가에 대하여 고찰해 보았다. 본 모델을, 가상적인 몇 가지 경우에 적용함으로써 그 개념과 특성을 보다 명확하게 고찰하고자 하였으며, 또한 부산항, 광양항 등 우리나라 주요 항만의 실제 접근 항로에 적용하여 보았다. 본 기법은, 항만이나 항로의 설계 및 그 안전성 평가에 큰 도움이 될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

The short-term version of Industrial Source Complex Model(ISCST3) was evaluated for estimating short-term concentrations using criteria pollutant(SO2, NO2, CO, PM10) data form emission inventory of Young Tong area in Suwon for the year 2002. The contribution of pollutant concentration from point, line, area sources was found 21.8, 76.5 and 1.6%. Statistical parameters, such as correlation coefficient, index of agreement(IA), normalized mean square error(NMSE) and fractional bias(FB) were calculated for each pollutants. The model performance were found good for PM10(82%) and NO2(69%), but poor for SO2(34%) and CO(13%).

The three-dimensional eco-hydrodynamic model was applied to estimate the physical process in terms of nutrients and net uptake(or regeneration) rate of nutrients in Kamak Bay for scenario analysis to find proper management plan. The estimation results of the physical process in terms of nutrients showed that transportation of nutrients is dominant in surface level while accumulation of nutrients is dominant in bottom level. In the case of dissolved inorganic nitrogen, the results showed that the net uptake rate was 0～60 mg/m2/day in surface level(0～3m), and the net regeneration rate was 0.0～10.0 mg/m2/day in middle level(3～6m) and above 10 mg/m2/day in bottom level(6m～below). In the case of dissolved inorganic phosphorus, the net uptake rate was 0.0～3.0 mg/m2/day in surface level, and the net regeneration rate was 0.5～1.5 mg/m2/day in middle level and 1.0～3.0 mg/m2/day in bottom level. These results indicates that net uptake and transport of nutrients are occurred predominantly at the surface level and the net generation and accumulation are dominant at bottom level. Therefore, it is important to consider the re-supplement of nutrients due to regeneration of bottom water.

Marine Casualties cause the loss of hmm lives, properties and marine pollution. The prevention of marine accidents has been a major topic in marine society and various policies and countermeasures have been developed, applied to the industries. The coastal VTS and navigational aids are considered as one of the effective methods to promote marine safety but they need relatively huge amount of budgets to build. Thus prior to establishing these coastal VTS and navigational aids, it should be evaluated the navigational safety level in the coastal waterways in concern. So far as human beings are concerned, there are many types of fuzziness in the evaluation of navigational safety level. In order to reflect these fuzziness on this evaluation, this paper introduces the fuzzy measure and integral to represent the fuzziness in the evaluation process. Therefore this paper aims to develop the method for this evaluation using the fuzzy measure and integral. In this paper, Korean coastal area is divided into 8 sectors and evaluated the priority for the needs of coastal VTS and navigational aids. The results are found as order as Mokpo, Yosu, Pohang, Busan, Inchon, Geoje, Gunsan, Donghae coastal area.

The Keum river is one of the important river in Korea and has a drainage area of 9,873 ㎦. The Keum river is deepening pollution state due to development of the lower city and construction of a industrial complex. The water quality of the Keum river come to eutrophication state and belong to Ⅲ grade of water quality standard. The concentration BOD in river is affected by the organic loading from a tributary and the algae biomass that largely happen to under eutrophication state. In the eutrophic water mass such as the Keum river, the autochthonous BOD was very important part for making a decision of water quality management, because it was accounted for majority of the total BOD. The purpose of this study was to survey the characteristics of water quality in summer and to estimate reaction coefficient. Also, we studied to correlationship between chlorophyll a and BOD(COD) for estimation of the autochthonous BOD. The correlationship between chlorophyll a and BOD(COD) were obtained through the culture experiment of phytoplankton in the laboratory. The results of this study may be summarized as follows ; The characteristics of water quality in summer were belong to Ⅲ∼Ⅳgrade of water quality standard as BOD and nutritive condition is very high. The BOD, ammonia nitrogen and phosphate loadings in Miho stream which inflowing untreated sewage from Chungju city was occupied with 64.07%, 26.36%, 46.08%, respectively. Maximum nutrient uptake (Vmax) was 0.4400 μM/hr as substrate of ammonia nitrogen, 0.1652 μM/hr as substrate of phosphate. Maximum specific growth rate (μmax) was 1.2525 hr-1 as substrate of ammonia nitrogen, 1.5177 hr-1 as substrate of phosphate. The correlation coefficient between chlorophyll a and BOD by the culture experiment were found to be 0.911∼0.935 and 0.942∼0.947 in the case adding nutrient and no adding nutrient, respectively. The correlation coefficient between chlorophyll a and COD through the culture experiment were found to be 0.918∼0.977 and 0.880∼0.931 in the case adding nutrient and no adding nutrient, respectively. The autochthonous BOD(COD) was estimated to the relationship between BOD(COD) and chlorophyll a. The regression equation were found to be autochthonous BOD=(0.045∼0.073)×chlorophyll a and autochthonous COD=(0.137∼0.182)×chlorophyll a.

For composing the structure model of national maritime power system by system structural modeling, in this study, the 50 basic factors are selected by survey of the extensive and through literatures on maritime, sea, maritime power and sea power. And the basic factors are classified into 36 component factors by cluster method. The 9 attributes are extracted by the application of the principle component analysis method, one of the factor analysis method in system engineering, to component factors. In this study, we define the attributes composing the national maritime power system by integrating the result of this study and existed our studies relating to this topic. Which are showed in Table 2. and we show the structure model of national maritime power system in Fig. 3. In Table 2, the 9 attributes are as follows : the fundamental power of maritime, shipping and port power, naval power, fishing power, shipbuilding power, the power of ocean research and development, dependency on seaborne trade, the protection power of ocean environment and the will and inclination of govemment. Also, in the case of evaluating this system, we conform the importance of considering the interactions among the attributes which have strong interactions in structure model of national maritime power system.

We will calculate concentration of air pollutants using ISCST3, FDM and AERMOD of models recommended in U. S. EPA which are able to predict concentration of short term for point source, complex like industrial complex, power plant and burn-up institution. Before executing model, as analyzing computational result of many cases according to selecting of input data, we will increasing predictable ability of model in limit range of model. Especially, we analyzed three cases - case of considering various emission rate according to time scale and not, case considering effect of atmospheric pollution materials removed by physical process. In our study, after comparing and analyzing results of three model, we choose the atmospheric dispersion model reflected well the characteristic of the area. And we will investigate how large the complex pollutant sources such as industrial complex contribute to atmospheric environment and air quality of the surrounding the area as predicting and estimating chosen model.

Recently, new concept and paradigm of 'Environmentally-Friendliness' is taking a growing interest in environmental planning and design. This study is to establish the evaluation model for environmentally-friendliness of 'Tourism Farms' in rural areas by LISREL structural equation model. A questionnaire survey was conducted for deputy manager group and expert group. As the Result of LISREL structural equation model, the environmentally-friendliness of tourism farms is composed of three categories. First, conservation of global environment (Low Impact), second, friendliness to surrounding nature(High Contact), and third, environmental health and amenities (Health & Amenity). Five indicators, such as (1)saving of energy and water resource, (2)reduction and reuse of garbage, (3)natural purification of sewage disposal, (4)utilization of natural energy, (5)campaign and education programs of environmentally-friendliness, were affecting the first category, i.e., conservation of global environment(Low Impact). Friendliness to surrounding nature (High Contact) is affected by 3 indicators, (1)contact to nature and diverse green areas, (2)water intimate & contact areas, (3)natural ecology observation by biotope. Finally, the dimension of environmental health and amenity is affected by 3 indicators, (1)nature affinity by farming experience, (2)environmental-friendliness of soil & crops by organic farming, (3) campaign and education programs of environmentally-friendliness. Total coefficient of determination of the structural equation model by LISREL was 0.897, which showed high explanatory power.

It is necessary to evaluate the location suitability for protected horticulture to plan new protected horticultural facilities in rural areas. For objective and systematic evaluation of location suitability for protected horticulture, three different evaluation models were constructed based on grading, proportion, and analytic hierarchy process(AHP). The three methods were tested to evaluate the location suitability for protected horticulture in three selected regions; suburban, plain, mountainous. The results indicated that the grading method underestimated the difference of importance among grouping categories, compared to the proportion and AHP methods. Based on the results, the AHP method was founded to be better than the other two methods in terms of evaluation process, reproductivity and reliability of the results.

The well-mixed room model has been traditionally used to predict the concentrations of contaminants in indoor environments. However, this is inappropriate because the flow fields in many indoor environments distribute contaminants non-uniformly, due to imperfect air mixing. Thus, some means used to describe an imperfectly mixed room are needed. The simplest model that accounts for imperfect air mixing is a two-zone model. Therefore, this study on development of computer program for the two-zone model is carried out to propose techniques of estimating the concentration of contaminants in the room. To do this, an important consideration is to divide a room into two-zone, i.e. the lower and upper zone assuming that the air and contaminants are well mixed within each zone. And between the zones the air recirculation is characterized through the air exchange parameter. By this basic assumption, the equations for the conservation of mass are derived for each zone. These equations are solved by using the computational technique. The language used to develope the program is a VISUAL BASIC. The value of air exchange coefficient(f_12) is the most difficult to forecast when the concentrations of contaminants in an imperfectly mixed room are estimated by the two-zone model. But, as the value of f_12 increases, the air exchange between each zone increases. When the value of f_l2, is approximately 15, the concentrations in both zone approach each other, and the entire room may be approximately treated as a single well-mixed room. Therefore, this study is available for designing of the ventilation to improve the air quality of indoor environments. Also, the two-zone model produces the theoretical base which may be extended to the theory for the multi-zone model, that will be contributed to estimate the air pollution in large enclosures, such as shopping malls, atria buildings, airport terminals, and covered sports stadia.

The purpose of this study is to suggest the estimation model of `amenity environment` by Perceived Environmental Quality Index(PEQI) model. A questionnaire survey was carried out for the study area of Taegu-Kyungbuk region. Sampling size was 838(427 of Taegu and 411 of Kyungbuk) residents by stratified sampling of each region`s(7 Gu for Taegu, 7 Cities & Gun for Kyungbuk) population. The survey was done during Sep. to Nov. of 1996. The suggested model was composed of four estimation categories and 16 indicators. The four categories were `Cleanness & Quietness`, `Naturalness & Harmony`, `Beauty & Comfort` and `Environmental Conservation Efforts`. And each category has several individual indicators. The weighted means of satisfaction were different by each region. Suseong-gu, Dalseogu, Joong-gu(Taegu), Kimcheon, Andong, and Cheondo(Kyungbuk) showed high environmental satisfaction, but Dong-gu, Seo-gu(taegu), Youngcheon, and Pohang(Kyungbuk) showed lower environmental satisfaction. By Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) of weighting values for each categorirs, `Environmental Conservation Efforts` was estimated as the most important(value of 0.367), and `Naturalness & Harmony`(0.242), `Clenness & Quietness`(0.225), and `Beauty & Comfort`(0.166) were important respectively. Total PEQI`s were estimated as 48.0 for Taegu, and 53.3 for Kyungbuk. PEQI`s for each regions were between 46.2(Dong-gu) and 59.9(Kimcheon). The validity of the suggested model was verified by factor analysis. The four factors were identified as the same categories and indicators. Finally, The LISREL+7 model was suggested as estimation model of `Amenity Environment` for Taegu-Kyungbuk region.

For the efficient control of atmospheric quality, it is so important to predict the influence accurately of which the air pollutant emitted into the atmosphere. Atmospheric dispersion model enables to simulate and grasp the atmospheric condition occurred due to the emission of pollutants. The result of model is largely affected by the amount of emission, the characteristics of physical and chemical process, meteorological input data, and the receptor which the concentration is calculated. The aim of this research, therefore, is to suggest more suitable model in Pusan area than other areas by performing TCM2, CDM2.0 and ISCLT2 models. As the basic work for executing the model, we computed the amount of emission of air pollutants in Pusan at 1992 and analyzed the occurrence frequency of atmospheric stability for recent decade(1985∼1994). CDM2.0 showed the similar result relatively with observed value in the case of full year(1992), fall and winter, and ISCLT2 brought more suitable result in spring for Pusan area. As the result of this research, in future, it is necessary for us to develop the numerical model considering the topographical characteristics, to select the proper observation site and to increase the observation site for Pusan.

This paper presents a practical method to predict the characteristics of ship manoeuvring motions. A attempt is made to calculate the manoeuvring motions utilizing principal particulars of ship hull, properller and rudder as basic input data. The mathematical models, which describe the ship manoeuvring motions, are developed on the basis of MMG(5), Inoue(17), Hooft(18) and so on. Calcuations of manoeuvring motions for three kinds of typical characteristics, namely turning motion, zig-zag manoeuvre response and steady turning performance, are carried out. In order to examine the validity of the calculation method of this paper, simulations are run for seven merchant ships employed by Inoue(4). The computed results by present method are compared with full scale trials and Inoue's calculations(4). It can be concluded that the calculation method proposed in this paper is useful and pwoerful for prediction of characteristics of ship manoeuvring motions at the initial design phase or the application study on manoeuvring motions.