가장 널리 쓰이는 P2P 소프트웨어인‘소리바다 5’를 둘러싼 3건의 가처분신청사건에 대하여, 2007. 10. 10. 서울고등법원은 1심의 입장과 반대로‘, 소리바다5’측의 저작권침해 방조책임을 긍정하였다. 원래 하이브리드형 P2P 서비스였던‘소리바다1’에 관한 법원의 대표적 선례들은“이용자의 저작권침해에 관하여 P2P 서비스제공자는 일정한 경우 민법상 방조책임을 부담할 수 있다”는 원칙을 확고하게 수립하였었고, 이후‘소리바다3’에 관한 법원의 결정들은 같은 원칙을 일응 수퍼노드 형의 P2P 서비스제공자에까지 확장하였었다. 그에 비하여 최근의 소리바다5 가처분 항고심결정은, 저작권법 온라인서비스제공자의 책임제한 규정에 따라 P2P서비스제공자가 면책될 수 있는 기준을 특히 이른바 기술적 조치의 채택과 관련하여 상당히 자세하게 제시하고 있다는 점에서 나름의 의의가 있다. 그러나 소리바다5 가처분 항고심결정에서 P2P서비스제공자 혹은 P2P 소프트웨어공급자가 면책요건을 충족하기 위하여서는 이른바‘적극적 필터링’방식(권리자들과 사이에 음원 공급계약 등, 권리자들이 이용허락을 한 음원들의 파일에 대하여만 파일공유를 허용하는 방식)을 반드시 채택되어야 한다고 요구한 것은 부당하다. 왜냐하면, 우리저작권법 제102조 내지 제104조의 책임제한조항들이 기본적으로 침해를 적극적으로 발견할 것까지는 요구하지 않는 이른바 소극적 필터링을 전제로 한 규정일 뿐만 아니라, 아직 필터링 기술의 발전수준이 그 채택을 강제하기에는 여러모로 불충분하기 때문이다.

This study was carried out to investigate preference and perception of seafood among soldiers on cook's duty in military meal service. 58.9% of the respondents answered that they liked seafood and the major eating place were in their home(48.0%) and in the restaurant(40.4%). The favorite seafood cooking methods turned out to eat as raw fish, to grill, to stew, to fry in order. In comparison with the meat dishes, seafoods were considered superior to meat in nutritional value but evaluated inferior to meat in the aspects of sanitation and tasteless problem. 32.9% of the respondents answered they liked seafood dishes in military meal service and they disliked them because of taste or cooking method of the seafood. They liked fried or grilled seafood in military meal service. The plate waste amounts of the seafood menu were more than half in almost every surveyed menu and reasons for plate waste were fish smell and taste problems. The difficulties of cooking seafood in military meal service were breaking down of seafood during cooking and complexity of cooking. They scored seafood higher than average in nutrition, taste, diversity of cooking method and aspect of health. On the basis of the results above, introducing diverse cooking methods and menu are suggested and education of cooking skills and development of cooking facilities are needed in military meal service.

By measuring changes in blood lactate and plasma enzyme (CPK, GOT, GPT) with electrical stimulation applied at two duty cycles, this study is intended to look into which type of duty cycle may have more effects on blood lactate and plasma enzyme constituents through animal experiment so as to determine any duty cycle appropriate for electrical treatment. In this study, electrical stimulation was applied to total 20 Korean house rabbits (weight: 3~3.5 kg) by means of an electrical therapeutic apparatus called TS6000 (made in Netherlands) at duty cycle of 50% and 20% respectively for 30 minutes. Here, 5 cc of blood was collected from their carotid artery before stimulation and in 30 minutes after stimulation respectively to carry out biochemical experiment and analysis. As determined through the above experiment, blood lactate rate was increased to 333.07% at 50% duty cycle after experiment and 185.71% at 20% duty cycle after experiment respectively. In both cases, blood lactate rate was significantly increased to higher level after electrical stimulation than before. Moreover, the rate of change in the average of blood lactate rate at both duty cycles also showed significant differences. CPK rate was boosted to 301.82% at 50% duty cycle after experiment and 321.35% at 20% duty cycle after experiment respectively. In both cases, CPK rate was remarkably boosted to higher level after stimulation than before (p<.05). However, there was not any significant difference in the rate of change in average CPK at both duty cycles (p<.05). GOT rate was significantly boosted up to 38.97% at 50% duty cycle after experiment (p<.05), while it was slightly increased to 1.68% at 20% duty cycle after experiment without any significant difference. Rather, GPT rate dropped slightly at both duty cycles after experiment, but there was not any significant difference. Although blood lactate and GOT were relatively less generated at 20% duty cycle after electrical stimulation than at 50% duty cycle, the change of duty cycle didn't have any significant influence on CPK rate. In this regard, this study failed to come any consistent conclusion about the association between change of duty cycle and muscle fatigue. Therefore, it is advisable that follow-up studies seek various ways to a little more effectively apply electrical stimulation to laboratory animals by avoiding their muscle fatigue. GOT rate was significantly boosted up to 38.97% at 50% duty cycle after experiment (p<.05), while it was slightly increased to 1.68% at 20% duty cycle after experiment without any significant difference. Rather, GPT rate dropped slightly at both duty cycles after experiment, but there was not any significant difference. Although blood lactate and GOT were relatively less generated at 20% duty cycle after electrical stimulation than at 50% duty cycle, the change of duty cycle didn't have any significant influence on CPK rate. In this regard, this study failed to come any consistent conclusion about the association between change of duty cycle and muscle fatigue. Therefore, it is advisable that follow-up studies seek various ways to a little more effectively apply electrical stimulation to laboratory animals by avoiding their muscle fatigue.

Painting system are widely used to prevent corrosion damage The coating method on various corrosion preventive method was usually adopted for the functional ability and excellent appearance. In this study, to evaluate the deterioration curve of coating system for steel bridge, the combined cyclic corrosion test was conducted base on ISO 20340. The deterioration areas were measured depending on corrosion cycle. The deteriorations of newly-built coating were compared with those of re-coating.

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to clarify the difference of store attributes of Korean consumers and to analyze it’s influence on consumer satisfaction in duty free stores which gain ground inch by inch in the distribution chanel. And it is to find discriminative result as compared with foreign consumer. Research design, data, and methodology - Subjects for the quantitative study, quota sampling was adopted in the Lotte, Shilla downtown and airport duty free stores from the first to 15th December 2016 and 177 questionnaires from Koreans who had purchasing experience in off line duty free store were analyzed. The data was analyzed by using factor and reliability analysis, descriptive statistics analysis, the independent sample t-test and multiple regression analysis. To test consistency, Cronbach’s alpha was used. Results - The result were as follows; 1. Korean consumers consider the importance of store attributes in duty free stores in order Product, Economic Feasibility, Convenience, Promotion, and Accessibility. 2. The meaningful impactive factors of duty free store attributes on consumer satisfaction turned out Product and Promotion. 3. These results show meaningful distinction between Koreans and foreigners in terms of consumer satisfaction in duty free stores. Conclusions – A marketer who is working for duty free store consider now that price benefit can not give strong impact to Korean consumers more and should concentrate on various brand assortment even including private brand. In terms of promotion, most duty free shops put special stress on foreign consumer’s wants now as highly increasing of Chinese travelers but Korean consumer’s sales portion and number of visitor also are steadily increasing. Therefore, a duty free marketer should prepare the Korean-oriented services with more enhanced promotion strategies for individual and group travellers, for example, a mileage service, VIP room and social network system to satisfy Korean consumers. In order to get satisfaction from Korean consumers, it makes effort on product and promotion than accessibility, price and convenience. Due to high level influence, further study is needed to enlarge to on-line market and to develop private brands for duty free stores.

The goal of this article is to apply the argumentation of so-called duty crime theory that has been discussed in the field of criminal participation, to the field of the identification of perpertrator. In chapter II, the theory of duty crime that has been developed in Germany, has been introduced and the critics against that theory have been also presented. Then, in chapter III, with regard to the identification of perpetrator, big accidents cases in Korea as negligence crime have been analysed and their characteristic features have been adduced. In conclusion (chapter IV) the author has tried to contribute to the advance of the in Korean cases based argumentation by virtue of the application of duty crime theory to the Korean cases as well as the clear identification of perpetrators in such cases.

최근 우리나라 학교의 안전을 지키지 위한 각종 사업이 진행되고 있다. 이러한 학교 안전 보강 사업은 크게 학교안전인력지원과 CCTV 시스템 공급이 주된 사업의 줄기로 파악되고 있다. 교육부와 교육청, 경찰 등의 노력으로 학교내에서의 폭력 관련 범죄는 상당한 효과를 보고 있는 것으로 파악되었다. 그러나 학교와 관련된 전체적인 형사범죄는 오히려 증가하고 있는 양상이다. 따라서 학교 범죄의 실효적 수단으로 앞에서 언급한 2가지 사업의 효과성을 높이기 위한 연구가 필요하며 이를 위해 보다 진보된 기술의 개발과 적용이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 우선 안전인력의 효과성을 높이기 위한 현황파악과 이에 대한 실제적인 제언을 도출하고자 하였다. 또한 교육시설의 CCTV에 활용할 수 있는 최신 응용기술을 고찰하고 이에 대한 활용방안에 대한 논의흘 하였다. 마지막으로 CCTV를 운영하기 위한 학교 안전인력의 기본적인 업무범위와 특성 및 채용과 운영시 고려해야할 필수적인 수행능력의 정의에 대한 고찰을 하였다. 결과적으로 학교시설과 학생들의 안전을 증대시키기 위해서는 소프트웨어와 하드웨어의 통합이 필수적이며 특히 이를 운영하는 인적자원의 수준과 관리가 가장 중요한 것으로 제언되었다.

이 연구의 목적은 효 관련 그림책을 활용한 토의활동을 실시했을 때 유아의 효 관련 행동에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보는 데 있다. 이를 위해 경기도 이천시에 소재한 A병설유치원 1개 학급에 재원중인 만 5세 유아 27명(남17명, 여10명)이었다. 연구 도구는 유아의 효 관련 행동을 알아보기 위해 박석일(2001)이 초등학생의 효행 실태를 알아보기 위해 제작한 설문지 문항을 토대로 유아에게 적합하게 수정·보완한 유아 효 관련 행동 설문지를 사용하였다. 실험처치는 효 관련 그림책을 활용한 토의활동을 2013년 10월 14일(월) ~ 2013년 12월 20일(금)까지 10주 동안 주 1회씩 총 10회의 교육활동을 자유선택활동시간에 20~25분씩 모둠별로 실시하였다. 자료 처리는 연구문제에 따라 효 관련 그림책을 활용한 토의활동이 유아의 효 관련 행동에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 효 관련 그림책을 활용한 토의활동을 경험한 집단의 사전․사후 점수 차이에 대하여 대응표본 t검증을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 효 관련 그림책을 활용한 토의활동이 유아의 효 관련 행동에 통계적으로 유의한 차이(p< .001)가 있는 것으로 나타났으며 이는 효 관련 그림책을 활용한 토의활동이 유아의 효 관련 행동에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것을 의미한다.

In 2003, some cases were reported to Attorney General of Korea in Supreme Prosecution Service, in which the suspect in detention rejected the request of the prosecutor to attend at his office. Previously, the Prosecution Service interpreted the request to attend for interrogation of the suspect to have the power to impose the duty on the suspect. But in the Academic circles, the majority viewed the request to have no power to impose the duty. Thus they explained the suspect may refuse to attend and during the interrogation leave the office anytime. The suspects who refused to attend rely on the view of the majority of the literature. The Prosecution Service insisted that the interrogation system of Korean Criminal Procedure give the prosecutor and the judicial police the authority to impose the duty to attend on the suspect, especially the duty to attend and to stay on the suspect in arrest or detention. The duty could be forced by arrest warrant or detention warrant. The provision of detention(§ 69, Korean Criminal Procedure) give the definition that it includes the power to take the suspect to a place and to detain in custody. The power to take to a place should be interpreted to include the power to take the suspect to the investigator’s office during the detention. In this Case of the suspect in detention, the Court approved the view of the Prosecution Service and concluded the judicial police officer who took the suspect to the office for interrogation to be lawful. Notwithstanding, the Court explained the character of the interrogation to be voluntary because the statement of the suspect should not be forced. But it could be said contradictory between the possibility of forcing the duty to attend and stay against the suspect’s will and the character of voluntainess. The compulsory nature could be said to be proper to this system.

이 연구는 폐쇄형 식물공장 시스템 내에서 LED 펄스광의 튜티비 및 광도(PPFD)가 상추의 생장 및 광합성률에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위해 수행하였다. 파종 3주 후 ‘청치마’ 및 ‘청치마’ 실생묘를 bar-type LED(red:blue:white = 5:2:1) 하에서 4주간 생육시켰다. LED 펄스(on/off) 간격은 연속조사(continuous), 200/200μs, 133/266μs, 100/300μs의 4가지로 설정하였는데, 이를 듀티비(duty ratio, DR, 한 주기 대비 점등시간 비율)로 표시하면 각각 100%, 50%, 33%, 25%였다. 이때 광도(PPFD)는 DR 100, 75, 50% 처리에서는 두 수준[고광(high light, HL), 저광(low light, LL)]으로 처리되었고, 광주기는 16시간이었다. 식물공장 내부의 온도는 주야간 20±2°°C, 상대습도는 약 70±10%로 유지되었다. 양액은 온도 20±2°C, EC는 1.2mS·cm-1, pH는 5.8±0.2로 유지되었고, NFT 방식으로 공급되었다. 처리 4주 후 ‘청치마’ 상추의 생체중과 건물중은 DR 100% HL 하에서 가장 높았고, DR 75% HL 및 DR 50% HL과는 유의차가 없었다. 엽수, 엽면적, 잎 두께(비엽면적의 역수)는 DR 100%, 75%, 50%의 HL처리에서 유의하게 큰 값을 나타내었다. 광이용효율(LUE)은 PPFD에 관계없이 연속광보다 펄스광 처리에서 높게 나타났으며, 특히 DR 25% HL 하에서 가장 높았고, DR 75% HL과 DR 50% HL 처리도 DR 100% HL보다 높은 값을 보였다. ‘적치마’ 상추의 생체중과 건물중은 DR 100% HL 하에서 가장 컸고, DR 100% LL, DR 75% HL, DR 50% HL 하에서 두번째로 컸다. LUE는 ‘청치마’와 같이 연속광보다 펄스광 하에서 높았다. 두 품종의 광합성 속도는 적산 PPFD에 비례하였으며, DR의 효과는 적었다. 결론적으로 펄스광은 상추의 LUE를 높이므로 LED를 광원으로 사용하는 폐쇄형 식물공장의 에너지 절감에 기여할 수 있을 것이다.

The duty of disclosure it is a preliminary requirement to effect marine insurance contract between the assured and the underwriter. The contract of Marine Insurance is called a uberrimae fidei contract, the assured, therefore, in the law of marine insurance, shall communicate a material circumstances to the latter before the policy to be effected. As growing the maritime industries in Korea, there is forming a larger marine insurance market, accordingly, and having a wide relation with the practice of the marine insurance in England. It means that the most of the legal theories of the marine insurance would be adopted by the English Marine Insurance Case Law and M.I.A., 1906. From the viewpoint of the said this author has tried out to study what is the duty of disclosure of the marine insurance based upon the English Marine Case Law.