The energy balance in a satellite needs to be designed properly for the satellite to safely operate and carry out successive missions on an orbit. In this study, an analysis program was developed using the MATLABⓇ graphic user interface (GUI) for nanosatellites. This program was used in a simulation to confirm the generated power, consumed power, and battery power in the satellites on the orbit, and its performance was verified with applying different satellite operational modes and units. For data transmission, STKⓇ-MATLABⓇ connectivity was used to send the generated power from STKⓇ to MATLABⓇ automatically. Moreover, this program is general-purpose; therefore, it can be applied to nanosatellites that have missions or shapes that are different from those of the satellites in this study. This power simulation tool could be used not only to calculate the suitable power budget when developing the power systems, but also to analyze the remaining energy balance in the satellites.

The growth of the Waste-to-Energy (WTE) industry is attracting attention as a powerful means of reducing greenhouse gas emissions; the Korean government is supporting various efforts such as increasing R&D investment. Despite the importance of the WTE industry, the analysis of R&D efficiency remains insufficient. This study analyzes the R&D efficiency of the Korean WTE industry and its determinants. After R&D activities are separated into input and output, R&D efficiency is analyzed with regard to whether R&D input contributes to increased R&D output using multiple regression and logistic regression methodologies based on the survey of Korean WTE firms. In the results of analysis, the introduction of new products and services was positively affected by R&D manpower and education-training. In addition, the redesign of products and processes was positively affected by R&D expenditure, R&D manpower, education-training, and the reward system. The policy implication is that education and training for R&D manpower should be provided to improve R&D efficiency, and there should be investment in basic and applied research and development research should be expanded to gain global compETitiveness.

Most of countries are trying to increase the supply of renewable energy as the substitute of the fossil energy for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. However, renewable energy sources account for only about 3.86% of the total Korea primary energy supply. To increase the rate of renewable energy in Korea’s energy consumption, various policies for expanding the use of renewable energy should be applied. Also these policies should be consider renewable energy resources distribution and regional inequality. In this study, the potentials of photovoltaic, wind power and bioenergy from rice straw, livestock waste and food waste are calculated and the distribution characteristic and regional inequalities are analyzed using Gini’s coefficient and Gini decomposition method. As the results, technical potentials of photovoltaic and wind power of city region(Gu) has more potential rate than theoretical potentials. Livestock waste has the most unequal distribution (Gini’s coefficient: 0.617) among renewable resources.

In this research, we carried out design and analysis with joint of concrete supporting structure for offshore wind energy. We developed load transfer mechanism about applied load induced from steel tower to concrete foundation. Also, a commercially available finite element program, ABAQUS 6.10, is used to analyze behavior of structure.

This study presents detailed emission of greenhouse gases of using Clean Energy Agriculture System according to a cradle-to-gate life-cycle assessment, including emission from energy use and leak of Biogas. Calculations were done with the PASS software and the covered gases are CH4, N2O and CO2, Total GHG fluxes of amount to 1719.03 kgCO2/day, 39.63 kgCO2/day (2.31%) are from facility house process, 0.19 kgCO2/day (0.01%) are from transport process, 696.72 kgCO2/day (40.53%) are from Anaerobic digestion process, 846.61 kgCO2/day (49.25%) are from Heating and cooling system, 135.88 kgCO2/day (7.90%) are from Fertigation production process. The results suggest that for effective reduction of GHG emissions from Facility house using clean energy. Reduction targets should address both the production process as defined by IPCC sectors and the consumption process. An LCA assessment as presented here could be a basis for such efforts.

Wastewater treatment plant(WWTP) has been recognized as a high energy consuming plant. Usually many WWTPs has been operated in the excessive operation conditions in order to maintain stable wastewater treatment. The energy required at WWTPs consists of various subparts such as pumping, aeration, and office maintenance. For management of energy comes from process operation, it can be useful to operators to provide some information about energy variations according to the adjustment of operational variables. In this study, multiple regression analysis was used to establish an energy estimation model. The independent variables for estimation energy were selected among operational variables. The R2 value in the regression analysis appeared 0.68, and performance of the electric power prediction model had less than ±5% error.

현대의 구조물은 고층화, 대형화 되어가는 추세이다. 보통중량 콘크리트는 강도에 비해 질량이 크기 때문에 구조물의 자중을 증가시킨다는 단점이 있다. 그러므로, 추세에 맞는 콘크리트의 경량화가 필요한 실정이다. 콘크리트의 경량화 방법 중 하나가 경량골재를 사용한 경량골재 콘크리트이다. 하지만, 국내에서는 경량골재 콘크리트에 대한 인식부족으로 인하여 구조용 경량골재 콘크리트에 대한 연구가 부족한 실정이다. 경량골재 콘크리트에 사용되는 경량골재의 품질에 따라 콘크리트의 물성 및 강도에 대한 검증이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 보통골재와 경량골재를 사용한 콘크리트를 제작하고 인장균열파괴실험을 통해 하중－CMOD곡선은 얻고, 이를 역해석하여 파괴에너지를 도출하였다.

The whole world concentrates on the reduction of greenhouse gas to effectively cope with policy toward global climate change. To effectively react to climate change, even the agricultural sector requires construction of new farming systems that utilizes new and renewable energy because of rising oil prices and regulations for greenhouse gas emissions. For this reason, we need to fuse the new and renewable energy with the horticulture sector of which the light and heat energy cost accounts for great part, moreover, efforts and researches should me done which can increase income of farmers through reducing carbon dioxide and energy cost in agricultural production expenses. Therefore, this study analyzes economic feasibility and applicability of fusing geothermal heat pump and solar power facilities with high-tech glass greenhouse. As a result, it is concluded that there surely are an applicability and economic feasibility if we apply new development system that can be an alternative for problems of securing premises of existing geothermal heat pump and the RPS system as a power generation company in case of solar power. Therefore, using this analysis data, if new empirical studies fusing and implementing agriculture sector with new and renewable energy fields proliferate and be applied to actual rural and agricultural field, it will increase actual income and will become a new advanced agricultural system that effectively deals with world-wide environmental problems.

This study analyzed the effect of Greenhouse of wood pellet fuel conversing from Diesel. Analyzed through a life cycle assessment of greenhouse gas emissions of carbon dioxide for the environmental assessment, In evaluation of the Ministry of the Environment, analyzed through the life cycle assessment of carbon dioxide emissions of the greenhouse gas and, In the case of economic evaluation, we analyzed the investment payback period to the total revenue generated by each of the calculated incentive based on the RHI and institutions reduction projects a reduction of costs associated with the reduction of fuel costs.

The waste-to-energy (WTE) industry draws global attention by using wastes as energy resources. Korean government is very inclined to invest in the WTE industry. Therefore, it is believed that there will be an industrial scale-up. Also it is needed to make proper strategies for promoting the industry by creating the added value of related companies. This study analyzes whether the value-added structure of Korean WTE industry exhibits a virtuous cycle through the value chain (VC) within related companies by using a regression analysis based on a survey to Korean WTE companies. As a result, the government’s R&D support is analysed not to contribute to an increase in the R&D investments of the WTE companies. Also an increase in corporates’ R&D investments does not lead to an increase in corporates’ R&D outputs. An increase in corporates’ R&D outputs, however, has the positive influence on an increase in production. In contrast, an increase in production does not have an effect on a decrease in production costs. And a decrease in production costs does not lead to an increase in profit rates per sales. In addition, it is shown that an increase in profit rates per sales does not contribute to an increase in production and R&D investments. Therefore, it is estimated that the Korean WTE companies do not organize the virtuous cycle of the VC yet. This study has a policy implication to need further efforts to create the virtuous cycle in the VC of Korean WTE industry.

We are now currently facing serious climate changes such as super typhoon, flood, intense heat, severe cold, super hurricane, drought, desertification, destruction of ecosystem, marine pollution, reduction of food production, destruction of tropical forests, exhaustion of water resources, climate refugees, etc. All of the above mainly derive from greenhouse gas exhaustion. Such harmful consequence might directly affect mankind’s sustainable development. If we keep using resources that emits greenhouse gases, the global temperature will rise about 3.2℃ by year 2050. In case of 3℃ rise in temperature, it will result in abnormal climate which will bring about severe property damage. Moreover, 20~50% of the ecosystem will become extinct. As Korea’s economy increasingly expands, so do our energy consumption rises. And because of the consequences that can be driven by increasing rate of resource use, not just Korea itself, but also the whole world should seriously concern about greenhouse gases. Although agricultural division only takes up about 3.2% of total greenhouse gas emission, the ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs are taking voluntary actions to gradually reduce CO2 and so does each and every related organizations. In order to reduce CO2, introduction of new and renewable energy in farm house warming is crucial. In other words, implementing wood-pellet boiler and geothermal heat boiler can largly reduce CO2 emission compared to diesel boiler. More importantly, not only wood-pellet and geothermal heat is pollution-free but they also have economic advantages somewhat. In this thesis, the economic advantage and sustainablity will be introduced and proved through comparing practical analysis of surveyed farm house under structure employing wood-pellet boiler and geothermal heat boiler with Agriculture-Economic Statistic of 2012 who uses diesel boiler.

Purpose – The paper analyzes basic indicators characterizing the volume of energy sector activity in the Russian Federation, Privolzhsky Federal district, Republic of Tatarstan. Research design, data, and methodology – The study analyzed data from the Privolzhsky Federal district, specifically, industrial production volume, electricity production, energy consumption, energy-balance data, capital investments, and capital investment structure. An array of data has been investigated in recent years. The dataset’s dynamics were analyzed in 1998. Fixed capital investment dynamics were studied in 1946 the figures were converted to a comparable form using the index method. Trends were analyzed using multivariate statistics methods and the Statgraphics software package. Results – Hypothesis 1. There are sectoral disproportions in energy flows,taking into account the volume of electricity production and consumption. Trends in electricity production in general coincide with industrial production volume trends. Energy flows have disparities in individual territorial units, and in general. Hypothesis 2. The degree of sectoral economic stability decreases with insufficient levels of investment in fixed capital energy organizations. Conclusions – Because totalelectricity production is largely determined by fixed capital investments, the study of their trends and patterns will coordinate efforts on investment operations in this area.

In order to cope with resource depletion and global warming, many countries around the world are seeking the technicaland political alternatives and are focusing on production of refuse derived fuel (SRF) as a viable approach. SRF isclassified into pellet SRF and fluff SRF based on the shape. In domestic trend, Pellet RDF has been mainly produceduntil now, but as the quality standard of fluff SRF was set up lately, it is expected to raise supply and demand on FluffSRF after this. Fluff SRF is a solid fuel not to be processed pelletizing step, and has advantages that manufacturing processis simple and economical. In this paper, we selected 3 MBT plants to produce Pellet SRF in Korea and examined reductioneffects of energy and CO2 emission by conversion of pellet SRF to fluff SRF. As a result, the saving energy by theconversion of SRF type is 2,509 Gcal/yr (A), 1,716 Gcal/yr (B) and 1,210 Gcal/yr (C) respectively, and the reductionrate of energy consumption in full process is about 23%~26% by comparison with pellet SRF. Also, the average ofreduction of CO2 emission per unit of MSW is 0.0272 tCO2/ton. After estimating the reduction of CO2 emission of 9MBT plants in Korea, based on the results of a survey of target plants, we concluded that the reduction effect of CO2emission is created 11,374 tCO2/yr.

This paper examined energy consumption distribution by process and energy production-effect of MBT facilities inKorea. Generally, facilities that use fossil fuels for drying consumed energy about 70~80% in drying and exhaust gasestreatment process and energy distribution was heavily affected a position of drying and a kind of fuel. Energy production-effect by the ratio of input-energy to output-energy ranged from 4.54 to 9.60, however, if generation efficiency is reflected,it was standardized to low levels from 3.10~3.77. So we were able to confirm that the superiority of energy production-effect between facilities is not considerable.

To estimate the benefit of high-resolution meteorological data for building energy estimation, a building energy analysis has been conducted over Busan metropolitan areas. The heating and cooling load has been calculated at seven observational sites by using temperature, wind and relative humidity data provided by WRF model combined with the inner building data produced by American Society of Heating Refrigeration and Air-conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). The building energy shows differences 2-3% in winter and 10-30% in summer depending on locations. This result implicates that high spatiotemporal resolution of meteorological model data is significantly important for building energy analysis.

EnergyPlus is a whole building energy simulation program that engineers, architects, and researchers use to model energy and water use in buildings. Modeling the performance of a building with EnergyPlus enables building professionals to optimize the building design to use less energy and water. This program provides energy analysis of building and needs weather data for simulation. Weather data is available for over 2,000 locations in a file format that can be read by EnergyPlus. However, only five locations are avaliable in Korea. This study intends to use AWS data for having high spatial resolution to simulate building energy. The result of this study shows the possibility of using AWS data for energy simulation of building.

Rural villages have many problems such as the collapse of rural village communities with continued over-depopulation and aging, reduced functions of towns and villages, deteriorated services with changes in the structure of settlement class and decreased use of the facilities. they also have difficulties in maintenance in spite of the increase of the roles of rural village community facilities. Various plans for the utilization of community facilities to promote the vitality of rural villages and the revitalization of communities have been needed. Thus, this study aimed to offer basic data to seek for future plans to utilize community facilities and reconstruct communities through an analysis of the current uses of energy and community facilities in rural villages. The results indicated that the consumption of petroleum was highest in mountain villages at an average of 187,475 won/month(137ℓ), followed by fishing villages at an average of 144,142 won/month(104ℓ) and rural villages at an average of 126,070 won/month(93ℓ). The rate of utilization of community facilities was reversely highest in rural villages at 84.3%, followed by fishing villages at 61.1% and mountain villages at 40.7%. This research also found that households saved energy when they used community facilities and areas with a high rate of utilization of community facilities at a lower average temperature in winter. It saved approximately 33% energy compared to other areas. Finally, efficient and economical methods for community facilities in villages to be newly developed and the remodeling of existing facilities should been needed in the future to contribute to reconstructing rural village communities that face a crisis of maintenance or abolition.

본 연구에서는 에너지 변화에 의하여 발생하는 콤프턴 산란이 화질에 영향을 미친다는 것을 증명하기 위하여 웨이브릿 변환으로 신호의 특성을 추출하였다. 추출된 데이터를 분석하여 에너지의 변화에 따른 산란선의 화질영향 정도를 평가하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 공학용 도구인 MatLab Tool을 이용하여 프로그램을 작성하였고, 작성된 프로그램을 이용하여 관전압 증가에 따른 산란선의 변화를 평가하였다. 평가결과 CR과 DR 모두 관전압 변화에 따라서 고주파영역의 주파수 변화가 있는 것으로 보아 콤프턴 산란선의 영향이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 급격한 주파수의 변화가 나타나는 관전압 영역이 CR은 80 kVp, DR은 90 kVp로 나타난 것으로 보아 DR의 검출기는 에너지에 대한 민감도가 낮은 것으로 알 수 있다. 결론적으로 본 연구의 결과로 보아 CR보다는 DR이 에너지가 높은 방사선에 민감한 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 공학용 도구인 MatLab Tool을 이용한 영상의 화질평가 방법이 공식적인 화질평가의 방법으로 인정되어 유용하게 적용될 것을 기대한다.

본 연구는 TOPLATS 지표해석모형의 물수지와 에너지수지 해석에 따른 수문기상성분 비교를 통해 그 적용성을 평가하 는데 목적이 있다. 대상지역은 낙동강유역을 선정하였으며 2003∼2012년에 대해 1시간, 1 km의 고해상도 수문기상성분을 산출하였다. 안동댐과 합천댐유역의 관측 일/월단위 댐유입량과 모의유량 비교하여 두 유역의 모의치가 관측값과 유사함을 보였다. 또한 C3와 C4지점의 에너지성분에 대한 Diurnally 분석을 수행한 결과 에너지수지 해석에 따른 순복사량, 현열, 잠열의 일중 변화패턴이 물수지 결과에 비해 정확도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 특히 C4지점의 순복사량과 잠열의 평균제곱근 오차는 각각 22.18 W/m2와 7.27 W/m2로 매우 낮게 나타났다. 여름철과 겨울철의 계절평균 토양수분과 증발산량은 각각 36.80%, 33.08%와 222.40 mm, 59.95 mm로 산정되었다. 이상의 결과로부터 고해상도의 수문기상성분 모의 시 에너지수지 해석방법을 이용하는 것이 더 합리적인 것으로 판단되며 본 연구 결과는 공간수문기상정보를 활용한 홍수 및 가뭄 등의 재해기상 감시 및 예측에 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

This study aims to perform the economic analysis to the use of solar power facilities in rural villages considering the climate change scenario. IPCC climate change scenarios in the recently adopted the RCP scenarios (RCP8.5, RCP6.5, RCP4.5, RCP2.6) was used. By RCP scenarios, solar radiation, depending on the scenario in 2100, respectively, 3.6%, 2.5%, 1.9%, 1.1% was assumed to increase. From the economic analysis(payback period is 25 year) on 8 points of each province, in all cases of normal data and four RCP scenarios, at all points analyzed were NPV indicate a negative, BC ratio less than 1.0, respectively. In the case of Mokpo, Chunnam RCP8.5, BC ratio were found to be up to a 0.92, followed by 0.89 in the case of RCP8.5 in Jinju, Kyungnam shows, while the minimum was in Jeju. BC ratio is 1.0 or bigger, in order for the normal solar radiation data in Mokpo, Chonnam was the minimum that it takes 37 years. Similarly, in the case of RCP scenarios, 30 years in Mokpo, Chonnam RCP8.5 and 31 years in the cases of Jinju, Kyungnam and Jeonju, Cheonbuk RCP8.5 were analyzed. It was analyzed that RCP8.5 has the highest value. BC analysis models for each of the factors, the results of the sensitivity analysis, the initial installation costs, electricity sales price, discount rate in the order of economy showed higher sensitivity, and the rest factors showed lower changes. Although there are some differences of solar radiation by region, but in Korea most facilities in rural areas, the use of solar power was considered to be economical enough, considering change of several factors with high sensitivity, such as increasing of government subsidies for the solar power installation of the facility, rising oil prices due to a rise in electricity sales price, and a change in discount rate. In particular, when considering climate change scenarios, the use of solar energy for rural areas of the judgment that there was more economical.