이 글에서는 국립박물관과 불교박물관들이 개최한 불교미술 전시현황을 정리하고, 대중 화에 성공했던 전시 사례로서 ‘창령사 터 나한상 전시’를 분석하였으며, 이를 바탕으로 불교 미술 전시의 대중화 방안을 제안하였다. 국립중앙박물관의 불교미술 전시는 1990년대 기획전시의 공간이 확보되고 큐레이터들의 역량이 성장한 이후 학술적으로 깊이 있는 불교미술 전시를 개최할 수 있었다. 2005년 용산 이전ㆍ개관을 기점으로 특별전시 운영시스템을 구축하여 국립박물관의 학예 연구 역량과 국 제적인 위상을 드러내는 불교미술 전시들이 개최되었으며 최근에는 기존 전시 형식을 탈피하 는 기획을 통해 일반인들의 관심을 모았다. 한편, 불교박물관의 불교미술 전시는 사찰의 성보박물관과 불교중앙박물관을 중심으로 이루어지고 있다. 종교적 위상과 고승 대덕의 업적, 그리고 사찰의 역사와 전통을 강조하고 있다. ‘창령사 터 나한상 전시’는 심오한 종교적 의미를 지닌 나한상을 설치 작품으로 재탄생 시켜 관람객이 불교미술에 빠져들고 사색에 잠길 수 있게 하였다. 다양한 전시연계 프로그램 의 운영과 SNS를 통한 홍보 역시 전시 대중화에 기여하였다. 나한상 전시 분석을 바탕으로 불교미술 전시의 대중화 방안을 다음과 같이 제안하였다. 첫째, 전시 주제를 확대할 필요가 있다. 둘째, 전시연출의 변화를 시도해야 한다. 셋째, 새로운 디지털 매체를 활용해야 한다. 넷째, 도록을 다양화해야 한다. 다섯째, 연계 교육 프로그 램을 개발하고 운영해야 한다. 여섯째, 다양한 전시행사를 기획해야 한다. 일곱째, 불교미술 의 콘텐츠가 지닌 개성과 역사성을 반영한 ‘캐릭터’를 개발하여 보급할 필요가 있다.

도시민 삶의 질적 추구와 여가생활 증진에 이바지하는 미술관의 역할은 수동적인 예술작품 보존의 공간에서 방문객의 다양한 요구를 수용하는 공간으로 전환됐다. 현대인에게 부족한 자연과 예술에 대한 향유와 보다 나은 휴식의 공간이 되기 위해선, 미술관의 역할을 내부공간에 국한시키지 않고 옥외의 공간으로 확장하는 것이 필수적이다. 본 연구는 미술관의 옥외 전시공간 방문객을 대상으로 중요도 및 만족도를 조사 분석하고 이를 토대로 옥외 전시공간의 질적 향상을 추구한다. 연구 대상지로는 수도권을 대표하는 국공립 미술관으로 국립현대미술관 과천관과 소마미술관을 선정했으며 설문조사 및 IPA 분석 방법을 사용해 후행 연구에 활용 가능한 실증적 데이터를 제공한다. 연구 결과 25개의 항목에서 중요도와 만족도간에는 유의미한 차이가 있었으며 각 항목에 따라 현상 유지, 최우선적으로 개선되어야 할 사항, 현시점에서는 고려가 불필요한 사항, 추후 시설 도입 시 고려되어야 할 사항으로 분류할 수 있었다. 특히 보행공간에 대한 안전성과 연계상태 그리고 이동의 용이성 등이 개선되어야 할 것으로 판단되었다. 미술관의 옥외 전시공간 조성 과정에서 고려 또는 개선되어야 하는 방안을 수립하는 데에 본 연구의 결과는 유용한 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다. 도시민의 요구에 따라 미술관의 옥외공간에 대해 보다 세부적인 연구와 체계적인 가이드라인 구비와 함께 쾌적한 휴식의 장소가 되도록 해야 함을 명시한다.

This paper examines the recent exhibitions that reflect feminist global issues initiated and discussed by feminist artists, critics and curators in the U.S. and Korea. While the feminist exhibitions such as <Global Feminisms> and <WACK!> maintain strong western feminist legacies by accepting women artists from other cultures who learn the western feminist idioms, Korean feminist exhibitions attempt to expand its discourse to the feminist artists in the neighboring countries in Asia while respecting Korean traditions and positions. In this new terrain, the emergence of Incheon Women Artists’ Biennale further complicates the meaning of feminist-initiated exhibitions. The biennale, initiated by local women artists untrained by feminism, gradually grows into a large-scale global event and challenges the current status quo of Korean artists who have been divided into feminists and non-feminists, regional artists and global artists, progressives and conservatives, and etc.

The Villa Mairea (1937-39) designed by Alvar Aalto (1898-1976) has been studied by many researchers from various viewpoints. However, few studies have devoted their attention to the major issue raised by Aalto at the Yale University lecture and "Mairea" article in arkitekten in 1939. The issue is to fuse art with life in the living room with mobile partition walls that can function both as art exhibition walls and as art storage cabinets at the same time. Through this device, he maintained, the client can change displayed pictures easily according to the situation and so "painting and everyday life can evolve in a more direct manner." This paper argues that Aalto's concept originated from Japanese 'tokonoma' in Tetsuro Yoshida's Das japanische Wohnhaus (1935), which he referred to during the project. Differently from other Japanese features in the house, this tokonoma idea is more than formal, but more decisive than passing in driving the plan. And, whether coincidently or not, his idea exactly corresponds to Japanese aesthetes' and critics' own interpretation of the tononoma as the symbolic centre of Japanese people's everyday life. More importantly, however, this art display concept discloses secret strata of modern architecture during the time when the petrified rationalism was still at its power Even through the tokonoma motif alone, we see diverse trails in modern architecture: fusion of the East and the West, fusion of the traditional and the modern, to say nothing of fusion of art with life.

Since the evaluation of its intellectual activities and abilities is done by curator’s capabilities, planning exhibition is very important as the final result achieved by their own knowledge, information, and research. ARPA(Advanced Research Project on Arts) is suggested as the system which enables curators responding simultaneously to the society in the times, based on its special characteristics. If this system settles well, which means that the curators at NMCA(National Museum of Contemporary Art, Korea) play their roles as the professionals in each of their fields, the goal of consolidating the status of museum as the representative national museum, and building up competent department of curators, will be achieved at the same time. To clarify above, the curators set up the various assignments of research about the types of arts such as painting, Korean painting, sculpture, installation, new-media, design, craft, photogarphy, architecture, etc. And they establish the art objects classified by the regions, such as the Northern American, Southern American, European, Asian, and other Third World countries. They elaborate art objects more on the history, the work, the artist, and the issue of contemporary art. Furthermore, when the curators devote deeper study to those research subjects, they can have the opportunities to design an exhibition upon the research.Today, the museum of art is ‘The Place for Communication and Encounter’, it is regarded important to share the aesthetical, creative values with current artists, and to understand mutually with the spectators. It is needed to improve the curator’s work, in order to meet the demands of the times and even to advance. Because the form of ‘exhibition’ is the tool that reveals the identity NMCA aiming at, the motivation, the development, and the realization should be leaded by the curators, who are the mainstream of the museum. ARPA is a system for identifying the exhibition like mentioned above . The main purpose of this system is to produce synergy effect, having the researching, collecting work in liaison with planning exhibition. ARPA will be able to improve the quality of exhibition through the way of developing the exhibition, passing through the stable process in the long run. So far, I have referred to a new paradigm of the exhibition design at NMCA via ARPA. Yet, there still remain missions in reality, such as analyzing the previous exhibition and reshuffling personnel and system, which should be done. When these matters settled, these plans would be suggested practically. At this point, it is the most significant that NMCA is attempting to let others aware of the importance of exhibition planning based on research. when the ARPA and exhibition planning is conjoined together successfully, the competent exhibition will be achieved, which can offer a meaningful exhibition to the art world, strengthen infra structure thru exchanging with public museum in the region, and eventually, establish a network with museum in foreign countries.

Contemporary Korean art in the 1960s and the 1970s reflects the social and political contexts in Korea from the 5ㆍ16 revolution through the Yoo Shin period. This paper investigates whether art has been free from power or not. It examines the power embedded in contemporary Korean art in the 1960s and the 1970s. This paper examines the historical moments of the Korean Art Exhibition, focusing on the complications between the abstract and figurative artworks of the 1960s. One of the significant art exhibitions since the 8ㆍ15 liberation of Korea, the Korean Art Exhibition witnessed conflict among Korean artists who wanted to have power in the art world of Korea. Institutional contradiction based on factionalism and conservatism prevailed in the Korean Art Exhibition was attacked by the avant-garde young artists in the 1960s. With the contact of Abstract Expressionism, young artists’ generation participated in the The Wall Exhibition. This exhibition challenged and established moral principles and visualized individual expression and creation similar to the Informal movement in the West. In the world of the traditional painting of Korea, the Mook Lim Exhibition of 1960, organized by young artists of traditional painting, advocated the modernization of Soo Mook paintings. Additionally, abstract sculptures in metal engraving were the new trends in the Korean Art Exhibition. In the 1970s, the economic development and establishment of a dictatorial government made the society stiffen. Abstract expression died out and monochrome painting was the most influential in the 1970s. After the exhibition of Five Korean Artists, Five White Colors in the Tokyo Central Art Museum in 1976, monochrome paintings were formally discussed in Korea. ‘Flatness’ ‘physicality of material’ ‘action’ ‘post-image’ ‘post-subjectivity’ and ‘oriental spirituality’ were the critical terms in mentioning the monochrome paintings of the 1970s. ‘Korean beauty’ was discussed, focusing on the beauty of white which was addressed by not only Yanagi Muneyoshi but also the policy of national rehabilitation under the Yoo Shin government. At this time, the monochrome paintings of the 1970s in Korea, addressing art for art’s sake, cutting of communication with the masses, and elitism, came to be authorized.

The trend of “Blockbuster Exhibitions” over the past decade has led to the unfortunate reality that museums, losing sight of their role as an Academic organization, are becoming increasingly influenced by the corporate world. In my dissertation entitled “The Commercialization of Blockbuster Exhibitions in Museums,” I explore the modern tendency toward Blockbuster exhibitions in art museums and the negative impact of those exhibitions on the art world. Museums of the modern day have expanded their territory from the traditional venue of public education to the hybrid cultural space. This mission, evident in the museum’s attempt to satisfy audiences with the offering of diverse activities, has changed the concept of the museum, giving priority to the desire for financial gain. From the viewpoint of this new museology, the museum considers Blockbuster exhibitions as the safest method to increase ticket sales. As a program that openly reveals the commercialism of the museum, I explore the Blockbuster show and its strategies as a means of exposing the influence of the corporate world on art. A key component to the Blockbuster exhibition is the “hype” that is created to attract an audience. This devotion to increased publicity distracts from what should be the goal of public education, as the primary focus leans towards the desire for a large number of visitors. Consequently, this unavoidably standardized exhibition is presented to the public in a manner that deprives the audience of a unique experience. With large crowds and increased ticket prices, it is difficult to form a genuine appreciation of the artwork. In addition to the profit gained by increased ticket prices and the commercial sales of “souvenirs” from the museum gift shop, Blockbuster shows are used as a means to attract the attention of corporate sponsors. As explained in my dissertation, the importance that the museum places on corporate sponsorship as a capital resource is evident, however the degree to which the museum allows itself to be influenced by the desire for capital gain poses a threat to its function as an academic organization. Circumstances in American museum history, in particular, have influenced the transition from academic resource to corporation within museology. In keeping with the nation’s tendency towards capitalism, art museums in the United States were initially established and developed by individual capitalists who applied principals of corporate operation to museum management. As a result, in modern days, We witness the influence of enterprise on museum programs. while corporate management may be able to guarantee immediate fiscal benefits, however, it is unable insure the future of the museum. In sum, my dissertation discusses the mechanism of the commercialized “Blockbuster Exhibition” and the impact that it has on the future of the museum as an industry. This research provides an opportunity to reconsider the role of the museum as an academic institution, particularly in regard to the need to decrease the capitalization of exhibitions and refocus their influence on the art world as an educational resource.

The purpose of this article is to delve into the problems of originality of the artwork by examining issues of reproduction within the contemporary art market. In contemporary arts, especially in terms of art production and consumption, we can’t overlook society and its economic structure and its connection with of capitalism. As the purity of art creation has turned into an exchange value, art, especially an object as artwork, has fallen into the status of production in an economic marketing system. Walter Benjamin mainly referred to that point in his thesis Das Kunstwerk im Zeitalter seiner technischen Reproduzierbarkeit, which originated the sociology of plastic arts. This thesis, published in 1936, traced how the artistic functions of photograph and movie had been changed through the social development. His main concerns were movie and photograph but what I am concentrating from his point of view, is that even in the field of plastic arts, the manufacture of reproduction has been practiced as a primary method within the social and political contexts and development. Though I am referring to this in the main body of this article, reproduction in contemporary art strongly needs a new definition since it has been spread all over like a newest virus, not only by collector’s personal taste or but also by commercial circulations of these reproductions to the public. This relates to Benjamin’s argument about the value of an exhibition at a museum(Ausstellungswert). Since the function of an artwork has been one of cultural industry, the manufacturing of reproduction raises unexpected problems, such as, the originality of the artwork, the value of an exhibition at a museum, its achievement as documentary and as a territory of art criticism. In this point of view, I want to inquire into the value and criteria of an exhibition in contemporary art through the review of the definitions and the intrinsic attributes of reproduction. Somehow in a broad sense, the reproduction is a product coming out of representation or copy (replica) of an original art work or an model. Therefore, the problems it presents differ from the Simulacre, which is an image without an original one. In terms of the Meanings of reproduction, we can distinguish it as reproductions, copies, and productions. These types of reproductions are not the original artworks reflected by the creative intention of the artists. For example, a publishing company reproduced some of lithographs of Salvador Dali in the 1960s. They are commercial copies in the form of representation or reproduction with no artistic and creative intention of the artist. However, In despite of this theoretical basis, reproductions of the famous artists are still displayed without any verification for of the public’s quest for the artworks. Moreover, many commercial companies that are planning to exhibit art works of the world-famous artists only for their profits keep trying to speak ill of and judging by the law the honest art critics’ articles which discuss the true values of exhibition. If freedom of expression is one of the ideals of democracy, even the judgment of the originality of the artworks should be freely expressed.

미술관 교육은 대부분 전시와 연계하여 전시 기획의 방향과 의도에 맞추어 개발된다. 수원시립 미술관은 “예술로서의 삶”의 실천이라는 뚜렷한 교육철학을 바탕으로 2021년 기획전 “< >이 살아가는 새로운 방식”전시와 연계한 비대면 온라인 교육 “미술관 산책”을 개발하였다. 미술관 산책은 COVID-19로 인해 미술관 방문이 어려워진 시기의 비대면 맞춤형 교육 프로그램이다. 비대면 교육이기 때문에 교육용 키트를 사전 제작하여 참여자들에게 배송해주고 교육 활동에 활용할 수 있도록 안내한다. 진행 과정은 온라인 화상회의 프로그램(ZOOM)을 활용해 전시 이해를 위한 1부의 도슨트 전시 해설, 2부 예술 강사와 함께 키트를 활용한 작품 활동 과정으로 계획되었다. 이 프로그램의 목적은 아름다운 작품을 완성하는 것이 아니라 교육 경험을 통해 스스로를 되돌아보고 ‘나’와 연결된 주변을 살펴보자는 의미를 담고 있다. 포스트 코로나 시대를 준비하는 과정에서 수원시립미술관 전시연계 온라인 교육 프로그램 개발과 적용을 통해 참여자들과 의미 있는 예술 경험을 공유하고 삶을 위한 미술관 교육의 가치를 재조명하고자 한다.