Phayathonzu temple in Myanmar was made of masonry bricks, and so it was vulnerable to lateral load such as earthquake. Especially, it has many difficulties in structural modeling and dynamic analysis because the discontinuous characteristics of masonry structure should be considered. So, it is necessary to provide the seismic performance evaluation technology through the inelastic dynamic modeling and analysis under earthquake loads for the safety security of masonry brick temple. Therefore, this study analyzes the seismic behavior characteristics and evaluates the seismic performance for the 479 structure with many cracks and deformations. Through the evaluation results, we found out the structural weak parts on earthquake loads.

초고성능 콘크리트의 시멘트량 저감을 위해 시멘트와 치환하여 사용가능한 시멘트계 재료를 사용한 연구를 사전 조사하여 플라이애시와 고로슬래그를 선정하였다. 시멘트와 실리카흄 조합으로 120 MPa 이상의 압축강도를 보인 배합을 사용해 바인더조합의 변화에 따른 압축강도, 휨강도를 평가하였다. 플 라이애시와 고로슬래그를 사용한 배합은 유동성이 향상되었으며, 플라이애시는 압축강도가 실리카흄만 사용한 경우보다 다소 감소하였으나, 고로슬래그를 사용한 실험체는 실리카흄만 사용한 실험체와 유사 한 결과를 나타내었다.

초고성능 콘크리트의 충전밀도 향상을 위해 잔골재보다 미세한 실리카플라워를 사용하여 물리적 특 성변화를 분석하였다. 평균입경 300㎛의 규사를 100㎛인 실리카플라워로 일부 치환하여 압축강도, 휨 강도 변화와 유동성 변화를 측정하였다. 실리카플라워 사용으로 인해 압축강도와 휨강도가 향상되었으 나 유동성 저하로 인해 동일한 유동성을 확보하기 위해 추가적인 고성능감수제의 투입이 필요하였다. 유동성 저하는 바인더 차이에는 큰 영향을 받지 않았으며, 추가적인 고성능감수제 투입은 유사하게 나 타났다.

본 연구에서는 폐타이어를 파쇄한 재생 SBR(Styrene-Butadience Rubber)을 사용하여 탄성 고무 층 의 파단 시의 인장 강도 및 연신도와 같은 인장특성 및 충격 흡수 및 수직 변형과 같은 동적특성을 평가하였고, 섬유 보강재를 혼입하여 탄성 고무 층의 취약점을 개선시키고자 하였다. 주요변수로 다짐 횟수, 바인더-고무분말 비율, 양생기간, 양생온도, 양생습도, 섬유 보강재의 종류를 고려하였다. 실험 결과, 재생 SBR을 사용한 탄성 고무 층의 인장 강도는 다짐 횟수, 바인더-고무분말 비율, 양생기간 및 온도가 증가함에 따라 증가하였으며, 파단 시 연신도는 양생온도와 기간에 영향을 받는 것으로 나 타났다. 충격 흡수와 수직 변형은 다짐횟수 및 바인더-고무분말 비율이 증가함에 따라 경도가 증가하 여 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 또한 양생온도가 탄성 고무 층의 인장 특성에 뚜렷한 영향을 미치며, 적절한 양생온도를 유지할 경우(약 50℃) 상대적으로 낮은 탄성 고무 층의 인장 특성을 개선할 수 있는 가능성을 제시하였다. 보강재로 폴리머 합성 섬유인 Polypropylene(PP), Polyester(PET), Nylon(NY)을 1%까지 혼입하는 경우 재생 SBR이 가진 충격 흡수 능력은 그대로 유지하면서, 인장강도를 향상시킬 수 있음을 확인하였다.

The research aimed to develop a high-efficiency plate-type heat exchanger for exhaust gas using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) thermal analysis based on the plate shape, and to identify the optimal shape. Following this, a water/air plate heat exchanger was manufactured, and its characteristics were studied experimentally. As the Re number increases on the gas (or air) side, the heat transfer rate increases significantly, whereas an increase in the Re number on the water side leads to a smaller increase in heat transfer. This is attributed to the larger convective heat resistance on the gas side, causing a substantial reduction in gas-side heat resistance as gas velocity increases, resulting in a considerable overall reduction in heat resistance. The fluid flow pressure drop showed similar results between the CFD calculations and experimental outcomes.

세라믹 분리막은 높은 열적, 화학적 안정성을 갖기 때문에 극한의 조건에서 운전되는 다양한 산업 공정에 적용할 수 있다. 그러나 투과도와 기계적 강도의 trade-off 현상에 의한 세라믹 분리막 활용에 제약이 있어, 고투과성-고강도 분리막 의 개발이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 상전이-압출법으로 알루미나 중공사 분리막을 제조하고, 고분자 바인더의 종류와 그 혼합 비에 따른 분리막의 특성 변화를 관찰하였다. 용매인 DMAc (Dimethylacetamide)와 고분자 바인더의 한센 용해도 인자를 비 교하면, PSf (polysulfone)가 DMAc와 높은 용해도 특성을 갖기 때문에 도프 용액의 점도와 토출압력이 높게 나타나 분리막 내부가 치밀한 구조로 형성되기 때문에 높은 기계적 강도를 갖으나 수투과도가 감소하는 것으로 확인되었다. 그에 반해, PES (polyethersulfone)를 이용하여 분리막을 제조하면 기계적 강도가 다소 감소하고 수투과도가 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라 서 분리막 성능과 물성을 최적화하기 위해 PSf와 PES를 혼합하여 분리막을 제조하였으며, 9:1로 혼합하여 제조된 분리막에 서 최적화된 수투과도와 기계적 강도를 얻을 수 있었다.

Recently, the occurrence frequency of earthquake has increased in Korea, and the interests for seismic reinforcement of existing school buildings have been raised. To this end, the seismic performance evaluations for school buildings that did not accomplish the seismic design are required. In particular, this study checks the eigenvalue analysis, pushover curves, maximum base shears, performance points and story drift ratios, and then analyzes the seismic performance characteristics according to bracing configuration of steel frame system reinforcement. Also, this study presents the practical field application methods through the comparison of analysis results for the seismic performance characteristics.

The change in the performance of the range hood according to the pressure change was investigated through a comparative experiment, and the conclusion is as follows. KS C 9304: In 2020, static pressure was applied at 100 Pa according to the fan standard, and the test was conducted by varying the outlet diameter and power consumption. In the case of Motor power 55W, the air volume value was 184.6 when the outlet diameter was 125mm. As a result of the test, if the power consumption is 52.0W, the diameter of the outlet is 125mm, and the power consumption is 60.8W, and the diameter of the outlet is 100mm, it meets 160 or more and less than 200 (constant pressure 100Pa).

이 총설에서는 다양한 소재를 이용한 고분자 분리막의 제조를 위한 제조방식, 특성과 여러가지 인자들에 대해서 논의하고자 한다. 분리막 제조방식은 상전이, 계면중합, 연신, 트랙에칭 그리고 전기방사 같은 방법을 주로 강조하여 설명하 고자 하며, 추가적으로 다양한 응용에 따른 제조방식에 대한 한계나 응용성에 대해서도 설명하고자 한다. 또한 다양한 고분자 분리막의 표면거칠기, 표면장력, 표면전하와 표면의 기능성 작용기 같은 표면특성에 대해서도 정리하였으며, 막성능의 향상을 위하여 상전이법이나 계면중합 같은 일반적인 분리막 제조공정에서 필요한 추가적인 향상방법을 나타내었다. 트랙에칭이나 전기방사와 같은 새로운 제조방법의 가능성에 대해서도 분석하였다.

PURPOSES : The purpose of this study was to quantitatively evaluate the variability of LiDAR performance indicators, such as intensity and Number of Point Cloud(NPC), according to various environmental factors and material characteristics. METHODS : To consider the material characteristics of road safety facilities, various materials (Reference Material(RM), reflective sheet, matte sheet, granite, plastic, and rubber) were used in a darkroom, and the performance indicators of LiDAR were repeatedly measured in terms of changes in the measurement distance, rainfall, and angle of observation. RESULTS : In the case of standard reflective materials, the intensity measurement value decreased as the measurement distance and rainfall increased. The NPC showed a tendency to decrease as the measurement distance increased, regardless of rainfall intensity. For materials with high-intensity values, it was found that rainfall intensity and color had negligible effect on the change in intensity compared with the measurement distance. However, for materials with low-intensity values, it was found that the measurement distance, rainfall intensity, and color all had a significant effect on the change in intensity. CONCLUSIONS : For materials with high-intensity values, it was found that rainfall and color had negligible effect on change in intensity compared with the measurement distance. However, for materials with low-intensity values, the measurement distance, rainfall, and color all had a significant effect on the change in intensity value.

Test of the operating characteristics and energy saving performance of a container cooling system that reduces the operating energy of a refrigeration system using a loop thermosyphon heat exchanger that removes heat by temperature difference between outdoor and indoor was performed. As a result of the experiments, when the loop thermosyphon and the refrigeration system were operated simultaneously, the refrigeration system operated intermittently by reducing the heat load. As the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor increased, the operating time of the refrigeration system decreased and the energy efficiency rate increased. Energy efficiency rate showed a tendency to increase with increasing temperature difference, and the predicted correlation of energy efficiency rate using the performance of the loop thermosyphon heat exchanger and the refrigeration system was relatively consistent with the experimental value.

For this study, we established a system for the CPU cooling performance evaluation and conducted performance tests on air-cooling and water-cooling to understand the effect of the CPU cooling method on performance. For the performance evaluation, the test chamber and water-cooling system were set up, the workload S/W was selected, and a case file was created. In the case of the air-cooling, the CPU temperature is sensitively affected by the outside air temperature, the direction of the board installation, and the influence of the airflow formed around it, and may cause a lot of fluctuations in the CPU temperature. When the water-cooling system was applied, the CPU temperature decreased from 75℃℃ to 37℃ compared to the air-cooled type under the test conditions of 28.5℃ and 3LPM cooling water supply temperature and flow rate. As the CPU clock speed increased due to the decrease in temperature, it was found that the job execution time was reduced by 15~23%. In the future, it is expected that using this performance evaluation environment established through this study will enable us to easily conduct test evaluations for various processors, cooling methods, and changes in operating conditions.

The performance characteristics and usefulness of the duct-type gas removal system to which the catalytic combustion method was applied were investigated by experiment. Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene were selected for performance tests on gas detection and removal of the catalytic combustion system. Accelerated experiments were performed to evaluate the gas sensing performance, the adsorption performance of activated carbon, and the basic performance and durability of the catalytic combustion system. The amount of gas adsorption in the adsorption stage was changed according to the type of activated carbon, adsorption temperature and time. The adsorption amount increased with increasing temperature and particle size. BTEX gas removal rate was about 96%, and the performance of the module was maintained for more than 4,000 hours.