최근 전 세계적으로 탄소 배출을 줄이기 위한 노력이 계속되고 있다. 이에 따라 건설 부문에서도 시공 과정에서 탄소 배출 을 줄일 수 있는 방안을 모색하고 있다. 그중 하나가 RC 건물에서 철근을 CFRP 보강근으로 대체하는 것이다. KDS 기준에 따라 설계 된 7개 건물의 설계 자료를 바탕으로 구조부재의 철근 비율을 비교하여 철근을 CFRP 철근으로 대체할 가능성을 분석했다. 그 결과, 건물의 구조부재 중에서 슬래브가 CFRP 철근의 대체 효과가 가장 큰 것으로 나타났다. 일반적인 건물 슬래브의 경간이 1.25∼4.1 m인 것을 감안할 때 RC 슬래브에서 CFRP 철근을 철근으로 대체할 경우 CFRP 철근의 양을 철근의 1/2∼1/3까지 줄일 수 있었다.

지속저인 산업발전은 화석 연료사용과 에너지 사용을 증가시켰으며, 각 국가별 온실가스 배출은 증가하고 있는 실정이다. 국제사회는 지구 온난화 방지를 위해 1997년 교토 의정서를 채택하였고, 이산화탄소(CO2) 순 배출량 0을 목표로 하여 자체적으로 온실가스 배출 목표를 정하고 실천하고자 2015년 '파리기후변화협정'을 채택하였다. 우리나라는 2015년 '파리기후변화협정' 체결 후 2030년까지 2017년 총 배출량 대비 24.4 % 감축을 목표로 설정하였다.(외교부, 2020) 국내 사회 각 분야에서는 온실가스 감축을 위해 노력하고 있으며, 도로분야에서는 온실가스 저감을 위한 환경친화형 도로 설계와 시 공기술 개발을 위한 연구들이 검토되고 있다. 그 중 가열 아스팔트 혼합물 제조 시 사용되는 기존의 연료(중유, 벙커씨유, 정제유 등) 를 상대적으로 탄소배출량이 적은 연료(LPG, LNG)로 전환하거나, 플랜트 생산온도를 낮추어 사용되는 연료를 저감하는 방법 등 다양 한 연구를 진행하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 일반 가열 아스팔트 혼합물보다 약 50℃ 낮은 상태에서 생산할 수 있게 도와주는 탄소저감형 첨가제를 적용 한 저가열 아스팔트의 특성을 파악하고자 하였다. 기본 물성시험으로는 연화점, 신도, 회전점도를 시험하였으며, 공용성 등급 시험을 통하여 PG 등급을 확인하였다. 또한 기존에 상용화된 제품과 차이를 보기 위해, 첨가제가 투입되지 않은 일반 아스팔트와 중온 첨가 제 2종(고상형, 액상형)이 적용된 중온 아스팔트도 동일한 시험을 진행하였고, 저가열 아스팔트와 비교·분석 하였다.

As global climate change impacts become more apparent, countries are implementing various policies to achieve carbon neutrality that can be categorized into direct regulations and market-based indirect regulations. The latter, utilizing economic incentives, is considered more efficient in transforming corporate behavior and promoting voluntary efforts for carbon reduction. In alignment with international trends, South Korea has introduced the Emission Trading System (ETS) in 2015. Despite this, the domestic carbon market remains underdeveloped, with low ETS participation, particularly in the aquaculture sector. In order to activate external projects under the ETS, this study proposes short-term strategies including linking ETS with popular eco-friendly energy distribution projects, developing standardized monitoring techniques, and integrating carbon reduction initiatives with other support mechanisms such as direct payment programs. Long-term strategies focus on developing new methodologies for external projects, promoting the use of renewable energy, and enhancing technologies to reduce energy consumption in aquaculture operations. By implementing these strategies, the study aims to enhance the participation of the aquaculture sector in carbon reduction efforts, contributing to the overall goal of carbon neutrality.

PURPOSES : This study aimed to evaluate the performance of carbon-reduced asphalt mixtures based on asphalt binder and asphalt mixture tests. METHODS : A carbon-reducing asphalt additive was developed, and samples were prepared by mixing the additive(0.85%, 1.35%, and 1.85%) with virgin asphalt binder to measure changes in the asphalt’s physical properties based on the content of the developed additive. The basic physical properties the penetration, softening point, ductility, and rotational viscosity and performance grade of the samples were measured, and the optimal content of the additive was determined to be 1.35%. An asphalt mixture was produced using the optimal additive content of 1.35%, and stability, indirect tensile strength, tensile strength ratio(TSR), and dynamic stability tests were conducted to compare its performance with that of hot mixed asphalt(HMA). Additionally, a dynamic modulus test that could simulate various loading conditions was conducted. Fuel consumption and CO2 emission were measured at the plant. RESULTS : The developed additive had the effect of reducing the viscosity of the binder while maintaining properties similar to those of the base binder when used at the selected content. The mixture test confirmed that the physical properties related to strength tended to decrease slightly when the additive were applied; however, all specifications were satisfied. In the dynamic modulus test, the results were confirmed to be similar to those of HMA. The fuel consumption and CO2 emission were reduced by 25-30%. CONCLUSIONS : Evidently, asphalt mixtures with carbon-reducing additives can perform at a level equivalent to that of HMA. To bolster this conclusion, it is necessary to track the long-term performance of low-carbon asphalt mixtures on pilot roads.

This study is to manufacture a titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalyst by recycling sludge generated using titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) as a coagulant. Compared to general sewage, a TiCl4 coagulant was applied to dyeing wastewater containing a large amount of non-degradable organic compounds to evaluate its performance. Then the generated sludge was dried and fired to prepare a photocatalyst (TFS). Scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and nitrogen oxide reduction experiments were conducted to analyze the surface properties and evaluate the photoactive ability of the prepared TFS. After using titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) as a coagulant in the dyeing wastewater, the water quality characteristics were measured at 84 mg/L of chemical oxygen demand (COD), 10 mg/L of T-N, and 0.9 mg/L of T-P to satisfy the discharge water quality standards. The surface properties of the TFS were investigated and the anatase crystal structure was observed. It was confirmed that the ratio of Ti and O, the main components of TiO2, accounted for more than 90 %. As a result of the nitric oxide (NO) reduction experiment, 1.56 uMol of NO was reduced to confirm a removal rate of 20.60 %. This is judged to be a photocatalytic performance similar to that of the existing P-25. Therefore, by applying TiCl4 to the dyeing wastewater, it is possible to solve the problems of the existing coagulant and to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide generated, using an eco-friendly sludge treatment method. In addition, it is believed that environmental and economic advantages can be obtained by manufacturing TiO2 at an eco-friendly and lower cost than before.

1990년대 이후 급증한 탄소 배출량은 지구 온도 상승을 가속화하고 있으며, 도시는 온실가스 배출의 주요 원인으로서 약 70%의 배출량을 차지하고 있다. 이에 탄소중립 노력이 중요해지면서 도시 내 유일 한 탄소흡수원인 녹색공간의 효과적인 활용이 필수적이다. 본 연구는 탄소중립 녹색공간 평가를 위한 지표와 산정기준을 개발하기 위해 사례분석과 델파이 기법을 활용한 전문가 자문을 진행하였다. 그 결 과 총 45개의 평가지표가 구축되었으며, 5개 근린공원에 적용하여 지표의 적용 가능성을 검토하였다. 사례평가 결과 SCOPE 1, 2단계에 속하는 바이오매스 격리, 저탄소 공법 및 자재사용, 원형보존 유형이 탄소중립에 기여하는 정도가 높았으며, 탄소 특화공원이 일반 근린공원에 비해 강점을 보이는 것을 확 인하였다. 본 연구는 탄소중립 녹색공간 인증제 실현을 위한 도구를 제공하고 평가 프레임워크 구축에 중요한 기반 마련에 기여할 것으로 기대한다.

In Korea, as part of the Green New Deal project toward a carbon-neutral society, it is necessary to build a climate-resilient urban environment to green the city, space, and living infrastructure. To this end, SWMM-ING was improved and the model was modified to analyze the carbon reduction effect. In addition, I plan to select target watersheds where urbanization is rapidly progressing and evaluate runoff, non-point pollution, and carbon reduction effects to conduct cost estimation and optimal design review for domestic rainwater circulation green infrastructure. In this study, green infrastructure facilities were selected using SWMM-ING. Various scenarios were presented considering the surface area and annual cost of each green infrastructure facility, and The results show that the scenario derived through the APL2 method was selected as the optimal scenario. In this optimal scenario, a total facility area of 190,517.5 m2 was applied to 7 out of 30 subwatersheds to achieve the target reduction. The target reduction amount was calculated a 23.50 % reduction in runoff and a 26.99 % reduction in pollutant load. Additionally, the annual carbon absorption was analyzed and found to be 385,521 kg/year. I aim to achieve additional carbon reduction effects by achieving the goal of reducing runoff and non-point pollution sources and analyzing annual carbon absorption. Moreover, considering the scale-up of these interventions across the basin, it is believed that an objective assessment of economic viability can be conducted.

A heat pump system using wasted heat from thermal effluent to supply the heating energy can reduce energy consumption and emissions of greenhouse gases by greenhouse facilities nearby. The Jeju National University consortium constructed a heat pump system using the thermal effluent from the Jeju thermal power plant of KOMIPO to provide with cool or hot water to greenhouse facilities located 2.5km from the power station. In this paper, the system configuration of the heat pump system was summarized, and the results of operations for demonstration of a heating performance carried out during the winter season in 2018 were investigated. Therefore, if the heating control by supplying thermal effluent to the facility greenhouse, it can contribute to reducing the energy cost and improving quality.

본 연구는 L-alanine을 적용한 스크러버의 주류공장 내 CO2 제거효율, 모니터링 데이터 분석/ 평가 및 에너지 저감효율을 평가하였다. 스크러버의 평균 제거율은 90.45%로 10,000 ppm이상의 고농도 CO2가 유입됨에도 제거효율이 뛰어난 것을 확인하였다. 스크러버 작동 후 작업장 내 CO2는 2,000ppm 이 하로 유지하여 약 74% 이상의 이산화탄소 저감 효율을 확인하였다. 또한 소비되는 전력량을 측정한 결과 스크러버 작동 후 230 kWh로 약 7.26%의 에너지가 절감되는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 본 개발제품을 적용한 결과로 작업장 내 이산화탄소 농도를 외기유입 없이 낮은 농도로 유지함에 따라 근무자의 작업환경을 개선 시킬 수 있었으며 에너지 소비량 또한 저감할 수 있었다. 그러므로 식품, 주류공장 내 고농도 CO2 제거 공 정으로써 스크러버가 유용할 것으로 기대된다.

본 연구에서는 해수를 유도용액으로 사용하고 하수처리수를 공급수로 사용하는 정삼투막 공정의 유기/바이오 오염물에 의한 막오염을 저감하기 위해 폴리도파민/탄소 나노 튜브 복합 분리막을 제작하였다. 분리막은 기존 계면중합반응에 탄소 나노 튜브를 첨가하여 초박형 복합 분리막을 제조한 후, 폴리도파민으로 코팅시켜 제조하였다. 제작 된 분리막은 알긴산나트륨(Sodium alginate)용액과 미생물(Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA01) 부착 실험을 통하여 수투과도와 막오염도를 평가하였다. 그 결과, 폴리도파민/탄소 나노 튜브 복합 분리막은 복합되지 않은 분리막에 비하여 높은 수투과도와 낮은 막오염 성능을 보였다.

PURPOSES: This study intends to develop an inorganic soil pavement material using industrial by-products and to evaluate its applicability as a road pavement material. METHODS: In this study, a compressive strength experiment was conducted based on the NaOH solution molarity and water glass content to understand the strength properties of the soil pavement material according to the mixing ratio of alkali activator. In addition, the strength characteristic of the inorganic soil pavement material was analyzed based on the binder content. The performance of the soil pavement was evaluated by conducing an accelerated pavement test and a falling weight deflectometer (FWD) test. RESULTS: As a result of the soil pavement material test based on the mixture ratio of alkali activator, it was identified that the activator that mixed a 10 M NaOH solution to water glass in a 5:5 ratio is appropriate. As a result of the inorganic soil pavement materials test based on the binder content, the strength development increased sharply when the amount of added binder was over 300 kg; this level of binder content satisfied 28 days of 18 MPa of compression strength, which is the standard for existing soil pavement design. According to the measured results of the FWD test, the dynamic k-value did not show a significant difference before or after the accelerated pavement testing. Furthermore, the effective modulus decreased by approximately 50%, compared with the initial effective modulus for pedestrian pavement. CONCLUSIONS: Based on these results, inorganic soil pavement can be applied by changing the mixture proportions according to the use of the pavement, and can be utilized as road pavement from light load roads to access roads.

PURPOSES: Recently, many local governments have applied chicanes for traffic calming to ensure environment-friendly comfortable and safe roads. However, the geometry of a chicane is designed for speed reduction using a curved portion. This study aims to improve the road geometry conditions of chicanes for reducing carbon emissions and maintaining appropriate driving speeds by considering the relationship between road geometry and carbon emissions. METHODS: This study was conducted as follows. First, carbon emissions corresponding to changing acceleration of vehicles were studied. Second, vehicle acceleration caused by the relationship between the curve radius and the straight length was studied. Accordingly, desirable conditions of curve radius and length of the straight section for reducing carbon emissions were proposed. RESULTS: The existing literature on chicanes present the minimum value of stagger length and path angle in the primary variable condition. This study suggests the maximum values of the curve radius and length of straight section in the primary variable condition. Therefore, if a vehicle’s speed at a chicane is 30 km/h, this study suggests a curve radius of up to 24 m. In addition, if the vehicle’s speed is 24 km/h, this study suggests a length of straight section of up to 6.6 m. These are the geometric conditions for considering the control of acceleration to the vehicle’s maximum speed. CONCLUSIONS: This paper proposes an application of geometric conditions to reduce carbon emissions and maintain appropriate speeds of vehicles through a combination of curve radius and length of straight section.