This study investigated how the experience of victimization caused by inmates' violence might affect correctional officers' job-satisfaction and stress-related experience, burnout. Furthermore, it was also assessed if physical violence by inmates might result in officers' post-traumatic stress disorder. The results presented that officers responsible for security of prison cells reported serious degree of maladaptation in burnout experience, job-satisfaction, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Principal factor analysis of items to measure officers' victimization by inmates saturated a three-factor model to have the best fit. Three factors were psychological withdrawal, victimization by physical violence, and small disputes between inmates and officers. Additionally, officers were classified based on the experience of being victimized by inmates' physical abuse. The indices of chronic burnout and job-satisfaction were turned out to be much more maladjusted among officers abused by inmates physically. These results imply that victimization by inmates' physical violence produced significant degree of psychological symptoms such as post-traumatic stress disorder and chronic burnout experience. This relationship confirmed that there might be a causal effect of being physically abused by inmates on correctional officers' mental health problem such as post-traumatic stress disorder.

This paper summarized the results of previous and recent studies on cumulative trauma disorders (CTD) and provides a prevention strategy for CTD and showed the results from a quite extensive survey with tables and figures. This is a follow-up study of Kwon (1993) 〔2〕. From the previous studies, Kwon (1993) showed that many people are exposed on CTD, but they did not only know the clear reasons why they got CTD, but also how to prevent or change their workstation〔2〕. Lee (1996) showed the result from both field survey and medical examination. He found that most frequent symptoms are CTS (nerve disorders) and tendon disorders 〔6〕. From these previous results, it is obvious that CTD patients will increase in Korean industries if we did not pay attention to this CTD problem. Therefore a proper education of Ergonomics, CTD prevention for workers and moderate changes in workplace are necessary. From 1998 and 1999 follow-up studies, there are still many people(23％) did not hear about CTD, CTS, or MSD. Only 42％ of respondents is exercising during or after work for short-time. Therefore, there are many rooms for prevention strategy of CTD and education for preventing CTD.

For the purpose of disclosing estimated annual incidence rate and causative factors of traumatic spinal cord injury and obtaining basic data for the establishment of effective measures to prevent this injury, the medical record of 204 cases of Seoul residents with spinal cord injury which admitted in 46 general hospitals and National rehabilitation center located in Seoul, including Sam Yook Rehabilitation Center and Jung Ang Hospital in Kyungi do and occurred in 1995 were analyzed. The results were as follows: 1) The estimated annual incidence rate of traumatic spinal cord injury in 1995 of Seoul residents was 20.5 per million population. This incidence rate was the highest in the 40th years (34.1), followed by in the 50th years (26.5) and in the 20th years (25.6) in descending order. 2) The incidence rate ratio between male and female was 3.5:1. 3) The leading cause of injury was the highest in traffic accidents (42.2%), followed by falls from elevation (29.4%) and falls on the same level (9.8%). 4) Traffic accident mainly occured from 20th years to 40th years and falls from elevation in 50th years. 5) The level of spinal cord injury was the highest in cervical cord (63.2%), followed by the thoracic cord (21.1%) and lumbosacral cord (15.7%). Traffic accidents mainly caused in cervical cord injury whereas thoracic cord injury and lumbosacral cord injury were caused from falls from elevation. Above theconsiderations in mind, it suggested that in order to prevent traumatic spinal cord injuries, safety education of falls from elevation should be focused on the 20th years and 50th years male, moreover safety education of traffic accidents will be needed in the 30th years and 40th years male.

For the purpose of disclosing causative factors of traumatic spinal cord injury. the medical record of 429 cases with spinal cord injury which admitted in 46 general hospital and National rehabilitation center located in Seoul, including Sam Yook rehabilitation center and Jung Ang hospital in Kyungi do and occurred in 1995 were analyzed. The results were as follows: 1. This incidence frequency was the highest in the 20th years(31.2%), followed by in the 30th years(23.596) and in the 40th years(l8.9%) in descending order. 2. The incidence ratio between male and female was 4: 1. 3. The leading cause of injury was the highest in traffic accidents(49.2%), followed by falls from elevation(25.2%) and falls on the same leve1(8.4%). 4. Traffic accident mainly occured from 20th years to 40th years and falls from elevation in 50th years. 5. The level of spinal cord injury was the highest in cervical cord(54.8%). followed by the thoracic cord(28.9%) and lumbosacral cord(16.3%). Traffic accidents mainly caused in cervical cord injury and thoracic cord injury whereas lumbosacral cord injury was caused from falls from elevation.

Spinal cord injury in child often occurs without evidence of fracture or dislocation. The mechanisms of neural damage in this syndrome of spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormality(SCIWORA) include flexion, hyperextension, longitudinal distraction, and ischemia. Inherent elasticity of the vertebral column in infants and young children, among other age-related anatomical peculiarities, render the pediatric spine exceedingly vulnerable to deforming forces. The neurological lesions encountered in this syndrome include a high incidence of complete and severe partial cord lesions. Children younger than 8years old sustain more serious neurological damage and suffer a larger number of upper cervical cord lesions than children aged over 8 years. Of the children with SCIWORA. 52% have delayed onset of paralysis up to 4 days after injury, and most of these children recall transient paresthesia, numbness, or subjective paralysis. The long-term prognosis in cases of SCIWORA is grim. Most children with complete and severe lesions do not recover; only those with initially mild neural injuries make satisfactory neurological recovery.

목적: 본 연구의 목적은 부상으로 은퇴한 격투기 선수들이 외상 후 스트레스 장애(PTSD)를 극복하고, 외상 후 성장(PTG)을 이루어내기까지의 과정과 경험을 포토보이스(Photovoice) 연구방법을 적용하여 탐색해보는 것이다. 방법: 연구참여자는 부상으로 인한 은퇴의 트라우마를 극복하고, 외상 후 성장을 이룬 전직 격투기 선수 4명을 의 도적 표집인 판단표본추출법으로 선정하였다. 자료는 포토보이스 연구절차에 따라 개인인터뷰와 그룹인터뷰를 포함한 총 6회기의 비대면/대면 만남을 통해 수집하였다. 수집한 사진 자료는 포토보이스 분석 방법(사진 고르기, 맥락화, 주제화)에 따라 분석하였고, 인터뷰자료의 분석은 구성주의 근거이론(Constructivist Grounded Theory)의 분석방법으로 보완하여 수행하였다. 결과: 첫째, 부상으로 인한 은퇴선수의 PTG 경험을 참여자들의 사진과 함께 삶의 서사로 제시하였다. 둘째, 부상 직후에서부터 PTG에 이르기까지 단계는 총 4단계의 과정으로 다음과 같이 나타났다. 첫 번째 단계는 ‘부상 직후 : 일상의 상실’, 두 번째는, ‘트라우마, PTSD의 경험 : 심연으로의 칩거’, 세 번째는 ‘성장의 전환점: 다시 찾아낸 원석’, 네 번째 단계는 ‘외상 후 성장: 피워낸 꽃’이다. 이 4단계를 이론적 코딩의 과정을 통해 위기 존(Crisis zone), 고요 존(Silent zone), 원석 존(Gemstone zone), 번영 존(Flourish zone)의 영역으로 구분한 도식을 구성하였다. 이 연구에서 나타난 결과를 토대로, 부상으로 인한 격투기 선수의 PTG 과정과 경험을 일반적 PTG의 기존 모델과 비교하여 논의하였다. 결론: 이 연구는 포토보이스 연구법을 적 용하여 부상으로 은퇴한 격투기 선수의 PTG 경험을 참여자들의 목소리로 생생하게 밝혀내었다. 또한, 참여자들의 외상에서 성장까지의 과정을 분석하여 영역별로 구분하고 이론적인 도식을 구축하였다. 이 연구가 은퇴선수들에 대한 사회적 관심을 끌어내고, 이들을 지원하기 위한 프로그램과 정책의 개선 등에 실증적 자료로 유용하게 쓰이길 기대한다.

목적: 외상성 사건을 자주 경험하는 소방공무원은 상당한 신체 및 심리적 스트레스에 시달리고 있을 뿐만 아니라 PTSD의 위험에 노출되어 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 마음챙김 기반 신체-심리 운동 프로그램이 소방공무원의 PTSD 증상에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 서울의 G 소방서에서 근무 중인 24명의 소방공무원이 참가하였으며, 처치집단(n=12)에 주 2회 매 회기 당 약 2시간가량 마음챙김 기반 신체-심리 운동 프로그램을 진행 하였다. 양적 분석을 위하여 첫 회기와 마지막 회기에 삶의 질, 사건 충격 척도, 신체감각 증폭 척도, 신체적 증상 척도를 포함하는 설문지를 실시하여 집단 간 차이를 비교하고자 하였다. 또한 질적 분석을 위하여 매 회기 집단면담을 실시하였으며 모든 프로그램이 종료된 시점으로부터 1주일 뒤 개별면담을 진행하였다. 결과: 통제집단과 비교하여 처치집단에서 삶의 심리적 만족도가 높아졌고, PTSD 증상, 심혈관 문제가 호전되는 것으로 나타났다. 질적 분석의 경우, 크게 다섯 가지 영역-신체 감각, 마음챙김 경험, 심리적 안정, 행동 변화, 심신 일원에 대한 보고가 나타났다. 논의: 마음챙김 기반 신체-심리 운동 프로그램의 양적, 질적 효과에 대해 논의하였으며, 본 연구의 제한점 및 미래 연구 방향에 대해 기술하였다.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the formation of post-traumatic growth by using Photovoice method to share the awareness of study subjects by using pictures. Methods: The study subject was an adult woman 'A' who has experienced trauma and recovered from it. In accordance with the procedure of photovoice research, orientation, photovoice and interview were conducted and photovoice data were analyzed. Results: The subject used aquatic exercise as the therapy of rehabilitation at the beginning of rehabilitation and got into swimming in the middle of overcoming the trauma. After that, the subject moved toward her new life as a swimmer and swimming instructor. In addition, post-traumatic growth including extension of interpersonal relationships and changes in perspective of herself and the world and the awareness of attitude to life were reported. Based on the results of this study, the possibilities of the extended study on sport-related post-traumatic growth and the application of photovoice in the field of sports psychology were discussed.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of horticultural therapy program focused on indoor activities for cancer patients on post-traumatic growth and self-integrity. Seven cancer patients were participated. Experimental group of 7 members received a horticultural therapy program. And this study was performed from May 12 to June 30 in 2014. As the results, the sub-category of self integrity was not statistically significant, but total self-integrity level of the experimental group increased significantly after horticulture therapy (p=0.042). Post-traumatic growth level of the experimental group increased after horticulture therapy, but it was not statistically significant. Therefore horticultural therapy program focused on indoor activities could be utilized as an appropriate program for increase of self-integrity in cancer patients in future.

사고로 인해 응급실을 내원한 중증외상환자로 등록된 환자 중 혈관조영술을 시행 받고, 동맥 출혈이 진단되어 동맥색전술을 시행 받은 환자를 대상으로 생존군과 사망군을 비교하여 생존의 영향을 미치는 인자와 치료방법으로 혈관조영술 및 색전술의 유용성과 적절한 시행 시점을 연구하였다. 2006년 7월부터 2010년 12월에 경기도에 위치한 H병원 응급실에 중증외상환자로 분류된 환자 중 혈관조영술과 동맥색전술을 시행한 환자 45명을 대상으로 하여 후향적 분석을 실시하였다. 주요 지표로 ISS(Injury Severity Score)와 RTS(Revised Trauma Score), 적혈구 용적률 (Hematocrit)를 삼았다. 다발성 손상의 의한 중증외상환자의 경피적 동맥색전술은 모두 성공적으로 시술되었고, 환자의 사망률과 합병증을 줄이는데 도움을 줄 수 있으며, RTS, ISS, Hematocrit, 쇼크 등이 사망률 조기 인자로써예측이 가능하였으며 생체활력증후가 안 좋은 환자는 색전술 시행 시점을 가능한 빠르게 진행시켜야 한다.

본 연구는 누적외상성질환 예방을 위한 기초자료를 제공하기 위한 목적으로 선원 재교육기관에서 교육이수중인 569명을 대상으로 조사하였다. 최근 12개월동안 누적외상성질환 증상을 경험한 선원은 68.5%였으며, 근무시간이 길수록(p<0.01), 승선경력이 많을수록(p<0.01) 증상경험이 높았고, 직무만족도는 낮을수록 증상 경험이 높았다(p<0.05). 신체부위별 증상 경험은 허리 43.6%, 무릎 23.9%, 어깨 19.3% 순으로 높은 빈도를 보였으며, 해기사가 부원보다 목 부위만 유의하게 높게 나타났고(p<0.01), 기관부가 갑판부 보다 팔꿈치의 증상경험이 유의하게 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 통증지속기간은 7일 이하가 55.4%로 가장 많았고, 8-29일이하 20.6%, 30일이상 24%로 조사되었다. 증상 유발원인은 과중한 노동이 34.5%로 가장 높고, 원인불명이 30.1%로 조사되었다.