글로벌거버넌스에 대한 서구식 혹은 비서국식 접근법의 이분법에 대해 서는 알려진 바가 없다. 이에 본 논문은 다음의 연구문제를 제기했다. 비 서구권 유명인사들과 UN 산하기구들의 파트너십을 통한 해시태그 행동 주의는 어떻게 지속가능개발목표(SDGs)의 실현과 디지털 시대 자유주의 세계질서에 이바지할 수 있을까? 해시태그 행동주의와 명사외교에 대한 이론적 접근으로 본고는 1) 참여, 2) 글로벌 청중, 3) 영향 메커니즘의 세 가지 분석적 차원을 도출하고 방탄소년단의 유니세프 친선대사 위촉 사례를 분석하여, 방탄소년단 팬클럽 ARMY의 초국경적 글로벌 운동이 디지털 참여를 통한 글로벌 연대로 이어졌다는 것을 밝혔다. 방탄소년단 의 스토리텔링에 내재 된 자유주의적 가치는 글로벌 청중들이 사이버 활 동에 더 많이 참여하도록 했고, 밴드의 참여는 젊은이들의 플랫폼 역할 을 하는 상향식 영향 메커니즘을 만들었다.

Following the Antecedents, Methods, and Outcomes (AMO) framework, this paper contributes to a better understanding of corporate activism (CA) in an international context. Through an in-depth review of publications over the past 33 years, we aim to shed light on the rising trend of CA and identify its most important antecedents, manifestations, and the short-term and long-term consequences of CA. In this context, we focus particularly on cross-country differences. Guided by the scientific Procedures and Rationales for a Systematic Literature Reviews Protocol (SPAR-4-SLR), this paper offers a framework-based systematic literature review on CA. We observe that the topic of CA is somewhat underexplored in the literature. Moreover, CA is very often misinterpreted, and lines between CA and similar terms, such as Corporate Social Responsibility, CEO activism, and lobbying often remain blurred. Nevertheless, our review identifies a rising trend among companies to express their stance on various controversial issues. Reflecting this trend, we can also witness a substantial increase in the number of studies on CA over the past two years. Through the articles identified in our literature review, we improve the understanding of the common antecedents and manifestations of CA, but also observe a lack of conceptual clarity in many extant contributions on CA. As to the outcome of CA, the literature indicates that the long-term and shortterm consequences of CA also still call for further analysis. The international nature and ramifications of CA, recently highlighted by the considerable CA in response to the war between Russia and Ukraine and its spillover effect worldwide, is neglected in current research. Thus, given the international dimension of some CA there is a particular need to research both, national idiosyncrasies and international consequences of CA.

The aim of this study is to investigate fashion activism that supports sustainability by pursuing social transformation through social media. This is achieved by publicizing the environmental and labor problems of the fashion industry. For this study, a literary survey and netnography were conducted from January 2017 to November 2020. We classified and analyzed environmental and labor issues that could be considered fashion activism on social media. The results are as follows. First, movements for conscious consumption appeared as #haulternative, #fashionourfuture, #SecondHandSeptember, and #wornwear projects. These movements are concerned with buying used goods, re-dressing clothes owned by individuals, and transforming and wearing them with new methods. Second, activism for environmental protection includes #fashionOnclimate by Global Fashion Agenda and Sustainable Fashion Matterz’ #Watermatterz. These movements are directly involved in learning about the seriousness of environmental destruction caused by the fashion industry and participating in environmental protection with critical awareness. Third, the #whomademyclothes and the Clean Clothes Campaign are activism for improving the working environment, and are playing a role in publicizing labor issues by informing the general public about inadequate working conditions linked to the fashion industry. Thus, fashion activism on social media examined in this study can contribute to visualizing chronic problems that hinder sustainable development within the fashion industry.

This paper discusses consumers’ use of fashion to promote various civic causes, such as political, social, and environmental issues. Fashion has become a civic act. The fashion industry is beginning to create items to suit this purpose. This paper reviews literature supporting fashion activism, identifying future research directions. This paper contributes both academically and practically. Academically, it identifies the gap in literature referring to the understanding of the use of fashion by youth as a means of civic engagement. Prior studies are limited in scope. Thus, we urge further research to investigate fashion activism. This study contributes practically by opening up the idea to practitioners about fashion as communication tools regarding political, social and environmental matters.

This research covers up social activism of Jeju Buddhism during the period of Jeju 4.3 Incident. Jeju Buddhism launched the activist movements for pending issues of Jeju society after political liberation of Korea. Buddhists in Jeju were trying to restore their own tradition of Korean Buddhism and establish political autonomy of Jeju residents. However, Jeju Buddhism suffered from the severe oppression accompanied by their activist movements. Even now, the aftermath of 4.3 Incident still remains ineradicable to Jeju Buddhism. A lot of Buddhist monks were victimized with other Jeju residents without any judicial proceedings during anti-guerilla pacification operation. In addition, their properties including temples and Buddha statues were also devastated or plundered by the repression forces. For reconciliation of Jeju 4.3 Incident, we should pay attention to dedication of Buddhist activists and their sufferings under political violence during the 4.3 period.

This study investigated the perception of the coupon benefit and behavioral response to the coupon. Consumer activism was tested as a moderator. All of the hypothesized relationships were supported. The multi-group differential test revealed that the perceptions of coupon benefit were significantly different between highly and less active consumers.