Deoksugung Palace Art Museum was built in 1938 as the first professional art museum in Korea. In 2015, National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage published a book on architectural drawings of this building. This book, called Architectural Drawings of the Deoksugung Palace Art Museum, consists of 646 sheets, 23 types of documents, as well as other historical letters. This paper focuses on the analysis of the characteristics of classicism in Architectural Drawings. It shows that every dimensions of drawings were controled by 3 partition composition through the analysis of architectural plan drawings, elevation drawings and even section drawings. Thus, Classicism for the museum is not about classical elements but the principle of composition of each elements for the construction. This paper further argues that Deoksugung Palace Art Museum exemplifies beautiful Classicism architecture which follows the principle of classical architectural composition.

The purpose of this paper is to research Gunnar Asplund's Woodland Chapel (1918-20) in terms of the revernacularization of classicism and to investigate into the matter of the constructional logic. The term 'revernacularization of classicism' was used by Alan Colquhoun to explain the process to return to the pure sources of classical architecture, and the case of a successful fusion of classicism and vernacular traditions was suggested by Demetri Porphyrios through Scandinavian Doricist sensibility in the early 20th century. Porphyrios's classicism, not as style but as sensibility, is premised on a constructional logic of vernacular, and is to achieve an aesthetic quality by its mythical elaboration. Woodland Chapel, a representative of the Scandinavian Doricism according to him, illustrates characteristics of the revernacularized classicism as in the fact that it thickly displays vernacular images at the same time as relying on classicism; in the return to primitive simplicity; and in the mythopoeic power. However, the constructional logic of this building was obscured in the capital of the portico columns, the interior dome, and the whole structure of the roof. Confronting this paradox, we have to remember that although Porphyrios emphasized the constructional logic he opened an aesthetic exit of the mythical elaboration, which is in accord with the concept of the tectonic as the poetics of construction. Woodland Chapel assumes atectonic features but is never anti-tectonic. Asplund intensified a poetic effect by setting the myth over construction in the chapel, and so it can be seen as a key example of the revernacularized classicism with the Doricist sensibility.

The analysis of an art trend in the principle dimension starts by observing the object of work in the perspective of formative composition and recognizing it as a universal system. It can be said that it is consistent with an interpretation method for a form theory of formal history by Heinrich Wölfflin, a leading form critic in art criticism. Hence, the purpose of this study was to find out what are the formative principles in Renaissance Classicism as a design principle to be applicable to modern fashion by reviewing the formative characteristics of Renaissance Classicism Architecture with which Wölfflin directly dealt. As for the theoretical literature review, I used Wölfflin's theoretical framework and looked at the Renaissance Classicism Architecture that he studied and examined the possibility of utilizing his theory as a layout principle and the characteristics. As for analysis of design cases, I applied the aforementioned architecture layout principle to modern fashion and conducted case study analysis to delve into distinctive layout principles found in fashion. The study showed that the Renaissance Classicism Architectural Style is marked by linearity, planarity, closing and multiple unity: linearity was expressed in the observation form in fixed frontal view and an emphasis on a tangible silhouette homeogenous and definite line structures; planarity was achieved in the form of paralleled layers of frontal view element, planarity style, and identical and proportional repetition of various sizes.; closing signified the pursuit of complete and clear regularity, and architecture developed in a constructive phase through organizational inevitability and absolute invariability.; multiple unity was expressed in self-completedness and independent parallel of discrete forms and harmony of emphasized individual elements in a totality. Applying these layout characteristics of the Renaissance Classicism Architectural style and to see their individual expressive features, I found out that in adopting layout principles of the Renaissance Classicism Architecture to modern fashion, it turned out to be an emphasis of individual silhouettes, a flattened space, completed objects, organic harmony among independent parts: the emphasis of individual silhouettes was expressed in individual definitiveness of formative lines of clothes in accordance with body joints and an emphasis on formative lines of clothes; the flattened space was marked by single layer structure, planarity of elements of clothes, and listing arrangement by appropriate proportion.; the completedness of the objects was expressed by the stationary state where overall image is fixed, the construction of homogeneous and complete space, and absolute inevitability of internal layout in proportion; lastly, organic harmony of independent parts was stressed in independent completedness of each detail, and organic harmony of the whole. The expressive features would lead to a unique expression style of linear emphasis, proportion, constructive forms, and two-dimensional arrangement. The meaning of this study is follows: The characteristics of art school of thought are given shape by appling & analysing the architectural layout principles of historical art school of thought to modern fashion in the view point of formal construction dimension. The applied possibility of historical art school of thought as the source of inspiration about the fashion design is extended.

본 논문은 빈고전주의 음악의 자율성, 보편성에 살진 토양을 마련해준 합스부르크 제국 황 제와 귀족의 음악문화 및 음악후원에 대해 탐구하며, 다음의 결론에 이른다. 합스부르크 제 국의 절대적이고 강력한 유력가들은 정치적, 종교적 목적을 음악후원의 한 기틀로 삼았으나, 동시에 수 세대에 걸쳐 음악을 중요한 정신적 덕목으로 삼으며 전문가적 관심과 방식으로써 다양한 장르의 음악예술을 보호했다. 아울러 ‘옛’ 양식과 ‘현대적’ 양식, ‘옛’ 언어와 ‘현대적’ 언어, 세속적 양식과 종교적 양식이 공존하는 음악, 혼합양식의 음악을 보호, 후원함으로써 보편주의적 음악 상(像)을 구현했다. 이러한 기조 가운데 18세기 중반 황제에서 귀족으로 음 악 문화 및 후원의 주체가 옮겨지고, 이때 귀족들은 후원자를 넘어 동료로서 동시대와 미래 를 주도할 음악에 발전의 동력을 마련해주었다. 과거 유산들의 시대 초월적 의미마저 발견해 내 독창적 작곡가들에게 알린 이들의 공적은 음악예술의 자율성과 보편적 가치 실현을 위한 중요한 밑거름이 되었다. 논문투고일자

바로크의 리토르넬로 형식은 요한 크리스티안 바흐의 클라비어협주곡에서 여러 혁신적 시도를 거치며 그 내부로부터 중요한 변혁을 이루었다. 물론 카덴차의 부재, 불완전한 형태 의 재현부, 투티 리토르넬로의 반복과 같은 리토르넬로 형식의 잔재로 인해 바흐의 클라비어 협주곡은 과도기적 성격을 완전히 벗지 못한다. 하지만 다른 한편으로 소나타 형식의 틀을 점차 현저하게 구축해나가는 솔로부분의 형식적 중요성은 '이중제시부'와 '발전부', '재현부' 의 거시적 형태로 그 조성적 움직임까지 포함하여 고전주의의 협주곡 형식에 근접하는 결과 로 이어졌다. 주제의 이원성과 공존하는 유기적 구성, '발전'을 모색하는 작곡기법, 리토르넬 로와 솔로의 내적 통일성, 나아가 독주악기로서의 피아노포르테, 유연하고도 가창적인 선율, 관악기들의 투입을 통한 음향확대 시도 역시 새시대적 구상에 속한다. 이로써 바흐는 다음 세대의 피아노협주곡 형성에 결정적으로 기여한 작곡가들 중 하나로 자리매김한다.

페루치오 부조니는 전설적인 피아니스트였을 뿐 아니라 작곡가이며 교육자였고 음악미학 에 관한 글들을 발표하여 20세기 초반에 새로운 음악을 추구하는 젊은 음악가들에게 다방면 으로 영향력을 행사하였던 인물이다. 그의 음악관의 핵심은 ‘젊은 고전성’(Junge Klassizität) 인데, 이 논문에서는 ‘젊은 고전성’을 정의하고 20세기 신고전주의와의 관계를 논하여 부조 니의 미학을 소개하는 한편, 20세기 전반 낭만주의와 표현주의에 대한 반동으로 발생한 고전 주의적 음악과의 차이를 어휘적, 개념적 관점에서 살펴본다.