To operate a dry port effectively and efficiently, strengthening the competitiveness of dry ports could be the key to bring notable improvements during operational activities and to increase the attraction of dry ports. This paper aims to discover the prioritization of the influential determinants of dry port competitiveness in the north and the south of Vietnam through an analysis based on expert judgments and customer evaluations. With a comprehensive literature review of previous studies equal to investigation results gained from several intensive interviews, many variables are adopted as potential factors that may enhance the competitiveness of dry ports in Vietnam. Through the AHP and IPA approach, this study sketches several development strategies for dry ports and provides important insights for governments by encouraging and supporting policies for the proper operation of dry ports. In the AHP analysis, cost was found to be the most important factor to improve dry port development in Vietnam, and transportation connectivity and cost are more prioritized in the north, with the remaining important determinants for dry port competitiveness receiving more attention in the south of Vietnam.

마산항은 경남의 대표항만으로서 현재 개발계획이 진행되고 있다. 그러나, 재도약을 위한 개발계획이 진행되고 있음에도 불구하고 현재의 경쟁력과 거기에 따른 발전방향에 관한 연구가 매우 부족한 실정이다. 따라서, 본 연구는 이러한 점에 주목하여 마산항의 경쟁력을 분석하는 것을 목적으로 수행되었다. 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해, 우선 실증적 차원에서 중소형 항만의 경쟁력 평가를 위한 평가모형을 수립하고, 엄밀한 경쟁력 평가를 위해 선행연구로부터 상대적 가중치 및 상호중복성을 고려한 경쟁력 지수체계를 도입하였다. 실제 마산항을 이용하는 이용주체들로부터 획득한 자료를 분석한 결과, 마산항은 현재 63점 정도의 수준에 머물러 있는 것으로 파악되었다.

An environment of world marine port today is rapidly changing. Importance of a hub port is being maximized along with appearance of a large container ship, and Busan port is also growing with the goal as a hub port of Northeast Asia. Busan port currently has competitive power as the 5th top port in the world, but increase rate of transportation quantity, is low compared to Shanghai port in China and other ports in Northeast Asia. For a port to obtain competitiveness, investment on infrastructures of a port is necessary and also it has close relation with an intraregional port logistics industry. However, a port logistics industry in Busan area has a hard time avoiding a small size due to the government support on major companies. Therefore, this study will analyze difficulties of small port logistics companies and the related companies as to vitalize port logistics industry in Busan area in hopes to help vitalizing regional economy.

The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) enables decision makers to represent the interaction of multiple factors in complex and unstructured situations. The process requires the decision maker to develop a hierarchical structure of the factors in the given problem and to provide judgments about the relative importance of each of these factors and ultimately to specify a preference for each decision alternative with respect to each factor. The research presented in this paper applies the AHP to identify key players in promoting port competitiveness. The literature survey revealed four major criteria and 15 sub-criteria. The four factors are cost, service quality, facility/capacity and economic-social variable. 150 questionnaires suitable for AHP analysis were made and 77 were returned. It is found that in terms of cost, the first key player is terminal operator and the second key player is shipping companies calling Busan port; in terms of service quality, the first key player is terminal operator, and the second key player is shipping companies calling Busan port; in terms of facility/capacity, the first key player is port authority and the second key player is terminal operator; in terms of economic-social variable, the first key player is terminal operator, and the second key player is shipping companies calling Busan port.

항만과 해운은 해상 물류에 있어 노드와 링크로서의 역할을 하고 있는 중요한 매체들이다. 현재까지의 해운 항만환경 변화를 살펴보면, 해운환경과 항만환경은 서로 연결되어 함께 변화하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 최근 해운 항만 환경의 급속적인 변화 역시 상호보완적인 관계를 유지하며 함께 발전해 나갈 것으로 판단된다. 특히, 선박의 대형화와 항만의 거점화 등이 이루어지고 있는 시점에서 대형 선사들의 기항지 축소전략은 지역별 거점항이 어디인가라는 문제를 제기할 수 있다. 이에 본 연구는 대형 선사들이 지역별 항만들에 기항할 때 나타나는 패턴들을 토대로 경쟁력 있는 항만이 어디인가를 검토하는데 목적이 있다. 연구를 위하여 설정한 지역 범위는 6개 지역(극동, 동남아, 북미서안, 북미동안, 서부유럽, 지중해)으로 구성하였고, 각 지역별 컨테이너화물 처리 실적을 기준으로 상위 5개항만을 분석 대상으로 하였다. 연구 결과 지역별 경쟁력 있는 항만으로는 극동 지역의 상해항, 동남아 지역의 홍콩항, 북미서안 지역의 로스엔젤레스항, 북미동안 지역의 뉴욕 뉴저지항, 서부유럽 지역의 로테르담항 그리고 지중해 지역의 지오이아 타우로항으로 나타났다.

평균법과 클러스터링은 다속성 평가문제에서 널리 쓰이고 있는 중요한 데이터 마이닝 기법들이다. 그러나, 다양한 다속성 평가 문제에서 데이터 마이닝을 할 때, 데이터들의 특징은 그 중요성이 달라질 수 있기 때문에 이러한 데이터의 중요도 차이를 고려해야 할 필요가 있다. 따라서, 이러한 기법들은 데이터의 선택 및 중요도 등과 같이 그 특징을 얼마나 잘 반영하는 지가 중요하다. 게다가, 산술평균법의 경우에는 우선순위 및 가중치로 정의되는 평가구조에서 적합한 결과를 산출하기에는 한계가 있을뿐 만 아니라, 평가자 그룹별 특징을 반영하기 곤란하다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 기하학적 도형을 바탕으로 유사도를 평가하여, 평가자 그룹별로 특징지어지는 이산적인 환경에서의 평균을 산출하는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 본 알고리즘의 핵심사항 중 하나는, 항목별 우선순위의 혼돈없이 유사도를 평가할 수 있다는 점이다.

Since the mid 1980s, the concept of logistics has become more important to the enterprises in strategic sense because it had aggrandized itself to more comprehensive and integrative concept. Therefore study on the service organization of the logistics system for customer’s satisfaction from the management’s point has been focused as one of the major subject in order to improve the logistics quality which would ultimately increase the value of logistics service. This study has been focused on what the port logistics functions and the factors of the port logistics quality are those Korean port managers acknowledge as important factor. And examins these port logistics quality levels and the port logistics value (port productivity, service results) obtained by the results of these activities while reviewing the relation of the custom value which the port managers evaluate in order to evaluate and promote the competitiveness of the Korean port. According to the study results the port logistics function which the Pusan Container Terminal managers recognized as important were customer service management the flexibility of the port facilities and curtailment of the original operation cost of the port. It also indicated that the managers recognized the importance of the customer-oriented terminal management as it showed a close relationship with the port quality level.

Port competition is generally classified into two type of inter-domestic ports and intermational ports and the latter is measured how to secure the function of intermediacy for foreign cargoes among competing parts. In the Northeast Asia top 20 world container ports such as Pusan, Kobe, Yokohama and Kaohsiung are struggling to induce transshipment containers generated in the North China region. This paper aims to analyze and evaluate the competitive factors of the said ports such as port site facilities expenses service level and flexibility of management and operations and suggest the feasible strategies that the Pusan Port to be viable transshipment center in the region. The evaluation is attempted twice. First attempt is evaluated by present conditions of each port and second attempt by upgraded conditions of evaluation value such as port service level and flexibility of port management and operations resulted from the implementation of the ON-DOCK service system. The results of evaluation are as follows; (1) Port competitiveness of first evaluation is ranked in Kobe=Kaohsiung >Pusan>Yokohama. (2) Second evaluation is resulted in Kobe> Pusan= Kaohsiung>Yokohama. According to this results the competitiveness edge of the Pusan Port is able to strengthen by implementation of the ON-DOCk system.