In this paper, we aim to improve the output quality of a food 3D printer through optimized component design and implementation. Existing 3D printers produce customized outputs according to consumer needs, but have problems with output speed and poor quality. In this paper, we aim to solve this problem through optimized design of unit parts such as the extruder, nozzle, guide, and external case. Fusion 360 was used for element design, and in the performance evaluation of the implemented system, the average precision was 0.06mm, which is higher than the non-repeatable precision of ±0.1㎜ of other products, and the feed speed of the existing system was evaluated to be more than twice as fast, from 70mm/s to 140mm/s. In the future, we plan to continuously research output elements that can produce texture and color and device control methods for convenience.

In this study, We designated the injection molded plug housing for charging electric vehicles as a research subject. And we analyzed the effect of Rib design on the quality of injection molded products. First, we used the Taguchi method to derive optimal conditions for rib design. The factors were set as the Thickness of the rib, the Height of the rib, and the Radius of the rib. Each factor consisted of 5 levels and generated conditions for a total of 125. We performed an injection molding analysis and confirmed significant factors affecting the deformation of injection molded products through ANOVA. Based on this, the 25th design detail was selected as the optimal condition. In addition, We compared the results of the molding analysis with the molded products that did not design ribs. We confirmed that the molded product designed with ribs under optimal design detail improved the deformation amount by 22.22% and the residual stress by 8.35%, compared to the molded product not designed with ribs.

High-pressure membrane system like nanofiltration(NF) and reverse osmosis(RO) was investigated as a part of water treatment processes to produce high quality potable water with low organic matter concentration through membrane module tests and design simulation. River water and sand filtration permeate in Busan D water treatment plant were selected as feed water, and NE4040-90 and RE4040-Fen(Toray Chemical Korea) were used as NF and RO membranes, respectively. Total organic carbon(TOC) concentrations of NF and RO permeates were mostly below 0.5 mg/l and the average TOC removal rates of NF and RO membranes were 93.99% and 94.28%, respectively, which means NF used in this study is competitive with RO in terms of organic matter removal ability. Different from ions rejection tendency, the TOC removal rate increases at higher recovery rates, which is because the portion of higher molecular weight materials in the concentrated raw water with increasing recovery rate increases. Discharge of NF/RO concentrates to rivers may not be acceptable because the increased TDS concentration of the concentrates can harm the river eco-system. Thus, the idea of using NF/RO concentrate as the raw water for industrial water production was introduced. The design simulation results with feed water and membranes used in this work reveal that the raw water guideline can be satisfied if the recovery rate of NF/RO system is designed below 80%.

목적 : 조절력이 충분한 20대 성인이 단일 및 다중 전면 비구면 기능성 콘택트렌즈 착용 후 시각의 질 및 조절 기능의 차이를 비교하고자 하였다. 방법 : 13명(21.38±0.65세)의 대상자들을 두 종류의 콘택트렌즈를 각각 착용 후 시력, 대비감도, 스트레이라 이트, 총 고위수차, 구면수차, 코마수차, 조절반응, 양안조절용이성, 조절근점을 평가하였다. 결과 : 시력, 대비감도, 스트레이라이트, 총 고위수차, 구면수차, 양안조절용이성은 유의한 차이가 없었고 코마수차 는 4, 5 mm 동공크기에서 다중 전면 비구면 기능성 콘택트렌즈를 착용 시 경미하게 증가하였다(p=0.037). 조절반 응(p=0.006)과 조절근점(p=0.005)은 다중 전면 비구면 기능성 콘택트렌즈를 착용 시 유의하게 더 감소하고 짧아졌다. 결론 : 다중 전면 비구면 기능성 콘택트렌즈 착용 시 단일 전면 비구면 콘택트렌즈 착용 시와 비교하여 시각의 질 은 차이가 없었지만 조절부담을 감소시켜주는 효과가 있으므로 젊은 성인의 기능성 렌즈로서 유용할 것으로 사료된다.

Worldwide plant market keeps maintaining steady growth rate and along with this trend, domestic plant market and its contractors also maintain such growing tendency. However, in spite of its external growth, win-win growth of domestic material industry that occupies the biggest share in plant industry cost portion is extremely marginal in reality. Domestic plant material suppliers are required to increase awareness of domestic material brand by securing quality and reliability of international standard through improvement of design quality superior to that of overseas material suppliers. Improvement of design quality of plant material becomes an essential element, not an option, for survival of domestic plant industry and its suppliers. Under this background, in this study, priority and importance by each evaluation index was analyzed by materializing plant design stage through survey of experts and defining evaluation index by each design stage and based on this analysis result, evaluation index of stage-gate based decision-making process that may improve design quality of plant material was suggested. It is considered that by utilizing evaluation index of stage-gate based decision-making process being suggested in this study, effective and efficient decision-making of project decision-makers would be enabled and it would be contributory to improve design quality of plant material.

A steering knuckle for a car is a key part of a corner module and is a functional part connected to steering, suspension, and braking devices. Steering knuckles are used for various types of forging and machining methods such as casting forging, aluminum forging, etc. to perform productivity and quality. Therefore, in this study, we study about the development of the overall design of the steering knuckle in the production and supply of the steering knuckle for the product processing method, quality, assembly inspection, etc. through the modeling and analysis of the steering knuckle.

Quality requirements of manufactured products or parts are given in the form of specification limits on the quality characteristics of individual units. If a product is to meet the customer’s fitness for use criteria, it should be produced by a process which is stable or repeatable. In other words, it must be capable of operating with little variability around the target value or nominal value of the product’s quality characteristic. In order to maintain and improve product quality, we need to apply statistical process control techniques such as histogram, check sheet, Pareto chart, cause and effect diagram, or control charts. Among those techniques, the most important one is control charting. The cumulative sum (CUSUM) control charts have been used in statistical process control (SPC) in industries for monitoring process shifts and supporting online measurement. The objective of this research is to apply Taguchi's quality loss function concept to cost based CUSUM control chart design. In this study, a modified quality loss function was developed to reflect quality loss situation where general quadratic loss curve is not appropriate. This research also provided a methodology for the design of CUSUM charts using Taguchi quality loss function concept based on the minimum cost per hour criterion. The new model differs from previous models in that the model assumes that quality loss is incurred even in the incontrol period. This model was compared with other cost based CUSUM models by Wu and Goel, According to numerical sensitivity analysis, the proposed model results in longer average run length in in-control period compared to the other two models.

Sea cucumber (SC) or Stichopus japonicas is widely used in East Asia as a traditional medical component for the treatment of asthma, arthritis, and sinus congestion. The hydrolysate of SC (HSC) after treatment with a protease is also widely used as an ingredient for processed food application such as noodles. Tensile force and deformation are important texture properties of noodle. The peptides prepared by hydrolyzing SC could affect the tensile properties of noodle, as well as DPPH radical scavenging. The objectives of this study were to characterize the tensile properties, the texture properties, color, and DPPH radical scavenging of noodle with HSC and to determine an optimum formulation of dough with HSC for noodle. The HSC was prepared by hydrolyzing dried SC powder with distilled water (DW) and a protease, Protamex (Novozyme Nordisk, Bagsvaerd, Danmark). The tensile properties and antioxidant activity were used as major constraint functions for the optimization. The optimum ratio was determined as flour:water:HSC=69.27:22.48:7.05 (w/w). Increasing the amount of HSC in the formulation increased the tensile force but no significant difference was observed in the deformation.

The aim of this paper is to apply of Quality Function Deployment for redesigning on fashion product. Quality Function Deployment is a useful tool in product development with the application of voice of customer. The findings could helps in redesigning Malaysia Batik sarong to be a better in design quality. According to Legino, 2012 and Yunus, 2013, local Batik producers in Malaysia are still producing batik sarong with printing or stamping method and freehand stylus batik using canting. This research will focus on the Batik sarong which locally produced in Kelantan and Terengganu states in Malaysia. Ismail et al. (2013) stated the batik designing activities frequency could boost up the sales performance of Small Medium Enterprises in Peninsular Malaysia. As in a Batik sarong tradition production, all the design specifications are from the ideas and creativity of the designer or the Batik producer (Yunus, 2013). The first objective of this research is to utilise the application of Voice of Customer in redesigning cultural fashion product. The customers’ feedback or known as the term ‘Voice of Customer’ could help the manufacturer to better the product before the following production. This Voice of Customer could offer a specific detailing for quality which needs to be redesigned in a product. Meanwhile, the second objective is to distinguish design specifications and characteristics using House of Quality. In product designing phase, it is crucial to identify each specification and characteristic which translated from Voice of Customer to the House of Quality matrix. This matrix would help designers to design according to qualities that customer wants for a better and successful product in a market. Quality Function Deployment is has been used in automotive industries in the decades back but now other industries are applying it as well. Golshan et al. (2012) studied on using Quality Function Deployment to detect important items influencing clothing industry in Iran focusing in men’s shirt. Meanwhile, Huang and Tan (2007) research was on how to characterise various key factors affecting apparel design and product quality. Ng and Wang (2007) explored further benefits of research collaboration between an innovative clothing-making technology and an effective design management instrument, Quality Function Deployment toward integrated products design development. Waisarayutt and Siritaweechai (2006) study about the potential of using Quality Function Deployment as a tool for product development, the communication transferred between marketing to research and development to prove Quality Function Deployment efficiency in producing sports bra in Thailand. The input that could be concluded in these researches is Quality Function Deployment could be applied to fashion product. It really helps to identify and managing a proper production process with specific technical aspects. But the challenge would be the cost and time constraint to test the results into production. The scope of this research would be limited on the Malaysia Batik sarong and the samples taken on Malaysian women consumers only. As a pilot test, a structured survey was executed with targeted sampling total the minimum of 10 and the maximum of 30 participants. It would be suffice to have the data from 10 to 30 participants to build the House of Quality model (Griffin and Hauser, 1993). The expertise opinion for matrices validation would be from the Malaysian expertise in fashion design with Malay Batik sarong knowledge. It is hope this research would indicate the customers’ requirements and production team idea could be measured and translated to a systematic data. It could be a detailed and specific technical requirement could be planned earlier before it is actually being produced. This could be a sustainable approach for a traditional product which could control the material that they use and sustain the quality as the past production. This research would help the Small Medium Enterprises design team or the designers to design a product from customers’ view and plan well. This research finding also could assist designers or batik producers to understand the consumers’ requirements in Batik sarong. The Small Medium Enterprises also could plan their sarong product using the identified specifications in the research as a starting point of research and development plan in sales and marketing strategy.

Research on new product development has emphasized the importance of integrating customers, employees, and suppliers in an organization’s innovation processes. While several studies evaluate respective participatory processes, there is, surprisingly, no consensus on which dimension participation quality consists of, and how to measure them consistently. The present study contributes to the literature by identifying the dimensions of participation quality and by constructing a participation quality scale that includes six dimensions, namely (1) project-related resources, (2) early involvement, (3) degree of influence, (4) transparency of processes, (5) incentive mechanisms, and (6) voluntariness of participation. Furthermore, a 24-item measure of participation quality is developed using a mixed-method design. Results of our study show that the developed measure impacts important innovation-related outcomes such as innovation performance, acceptance of the innovation, and intention to participate in future innovation projects. Given that the six identified dimensions of participation quality differentially affect these outcomes, the scale provides the opportunity to better design participatory innovation projects, and thus helps managers to integrate stakeholders more successfully in these projects.

목적 : 이 연구의 목적은 대한작업치료학회지에 게재된 단일대상연구 논문의 내용과 방법에 대한 질적 수준을 알아보는 것이었다. 연구방법 : 이 연구는 문헌연구로써, 분석 대상은 2002년부터 2011년까지 게재된 31편 단일대상연구 논문이었고, 이들 논문을 연구 방법의 내용과 연구 설계의 질적 수준으로 나누어 분석하였다. 결과 : 연구 내용을 분석한 결과, 종속 변수는 행동변화가 가장 많았고, 상지기능, 시지각 기능, 일상생활활동 수행순으로 나타났다. 연구 대상자는 아동과 성인 및 노인이 비슷하였다. 아동 대상자는 뇌성마비와 자폐증이 가장 많았고, 성인 및 노인 대상자는 뇌졸중이 가장 많았다. 설계 형태는 반전 설계가 가장 많았으며 유지 및 일반화보고 비율은 높지 않았다. 연구 설계의 질적 수준을 분석한 결과, 31편의 논문 중 4편이 높은 수준이고 나머지는 중간 정도 수준인 것으로 나타났다. 대부분의 연구가 대상자와 환경에 대한 충분한 기술, 독립 변수에 대한 조작적정의, 분석 시 표준적 그래프를 제시하고 있었고, 종속 변수의 조작적 정의, 설계 방법에 대한 기술과 정확한적용을 하고 있었다. 그러나 중재 블라인드를 수행한 연구는 없었으며 측정자 신뢰도를 측정한 연구는 적었다. 또한 각 구간의 적절한 수의 데이터를 수집한 연구와 중재 효과의 적절한 반복을 시행한 연구, 적절한 시각적 분석을 수행한 연구의 비율은 낮았다. 결론 : 이 연구를 통해 작업치료분야 단일대상연구의 내용과 질적 수준을 파악할 수 있었고, 추후 작업치료 분야의 단일대상연구를 통한 근거 기반의 접근을 위해 질적 수준을 높이기 위한 노력이 필요함을 알 수 있었다.

새만금 지역의 담수수자원의 활용과 고부가가치 창출을 위해 새만금 담수호를 활용한 요구수질별 용수공급을 위한 최적의 수처리 시스템을 선정하고 이에 대한 비용분석을 통해 요구수질별 담수수자원의 활용 방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 다양한 수처리 기법들의 종류, 주요 특성 및 오염인자 제거효율, 공법의 장단점 등의 비교분석을 통해 수질오염인자별 유리한 처리공법을 제시하였으며, 최적의 수처리시스템을 도출하여 새만금 지역 내 요구수질별 수처리 비용을 분석하였다. 연구결과를 통해 SS(Suspended Solid), BOD(Biochemical Oxygen Demand), 탁도 제거를 위해 FDA(Filter Disinfection Adsorption)여과기, 대장균 제거를 위한 UV(Ultra-Violet)처리공정, T-P(Total Phosphorus), T-N(Total Nitrogen) 제거를 위한 FNR(Ferrous Nutrient Removal)공법, 그리고 저농도 염처리 공정을 위해 전기투석법이 유리한 공법으로 조사되어 최적의 수처리시스템의 요소기술로 각각 선정되었다. 각 요구수질별 선정된 수처리공정에 따른 비용분석과 적용사례를 제시하여 새만금지역 담수 활용도를 높이고 부족한 상수원 해결의 대안으로 적용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

This essay talks about research of robust design for quality improvement of production procedure of Wet Etchant. It suggested the optimum design method in consideration of specific capability value that is the way to maximize the quality of product in the production system by using Daguchi parameter design method while finding factors affecting product quality with analysis of production system of product A from producer D. Also, it set long term of 6months as noise factor and let it to be the robust design that can find the optimum condition of control factor that is dull to the changes of each month, that is the change in noise factor. The control factor which affects the product quality is decided as combination method, temperature of raw material, combination time and as there are too many possibilities for combination methods, we performed 4 methods first based on previous research data then derived three ways with product that passed SPEC and set as the factor. As a result of application of optimum production procedure suggested in this essay to the actual production process with its standardization, there was a effect of drop of more than 10particles in comparison to the particle number of previous product and also it brought the effect that resulted the stable number of particle of under 30 that is what the client company suggested.

사용자들이 경험하는 감성 품질과 그 특성을 이해하는 것은 인터랙티브 제품의 사용자 인터페이스를 디자인하는데 있어 매우 중요한 일이다. 본 논문은 사용자 인터페이스와 관련된 감성 품질에 대한 일련의 실험연구와 분석을 통해 감성 품질에 대한 체계적인 접근 방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 우선 실제 사용자와 사용자 인터페이스 디자인 분야의 전문가들이 참여한 조사와 실험을 통해 6가지 차원들(유용성, 사용편의성, 심미성, 자극성, 정체성, 조화성)과 18가지 요소들로 구성된 감성 품질 프레임웍을 개발하였다. 다음으로 규명된 감성 품질들을 척도화한 후 실제 인터랙티브 제품과 사용자들을 대상으로 한 실험 연구를 통해 인터랙티브 제품의 다양한 감성 품질을 측정하고 각 품질의 차원들이 제품의 전반적인 만족도에 미치는 영향을 파악할 수 있음을 예시하였다. 마지막으로 품질 차원들 사이의 상대적인 중요도와 감성 품질의 변화를 가져올 수 있는 상황요인 등에 대한 분석과 논의를 통해 감성 품질의 구현과 관련된 향후 연구를 위한 기반 지식을 제공하였다.

The paper reviews the methodologies of confirmatory data analysis(CDA) and exploratory data analysis(EDA) in statistical quality control(SQC), design of experiment(DOE) and reliability engineering(RE). The study discusses the properties of flexibility, openness, resistance and reexpression for EDA.

Quality design methodologies have received constituent attention from a number of researchers and practitioners for more than twenty years. Specially, the quality design for drug products must be carefully considered because of the hazards involved in the