자율운항선박이 부두 근처에 도착하여 예선이나 도선사의 도움 없이 선박을 자동으로 접·이안하기 위해서는 부두를 인식하고 주어진 외력 조건에서 부두까지 정해진 접안속도로 접안하기 위한 스러스터 출력과 출력각을 산정해야 한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 선박이 접안 중에 작용하는 외력과 모멘트를 분석하고 자동접안을 위한 스러스터의 출력 계산과 자동접안 프로그램 개발을 위한 기본개념을 설 계하였다. 선박이 접안 중 바람에 의해 선체에 작용하는 풍압력은 풍압면적을 기초로 선형과 풍향각에 따라 계산하였으며, 선체에 작용하 는 유압력은 조류에 의한 유압력과 접안속도에 따른 유압력을 분리하여 계산하였다. 그리고 선박의 횡방향 힘에 따라 선박을 회전시키는 회두모멘트를 계산하였다. 접안 중 선박에 작용하는 힘과 회두모멘트를 고려하여 부두와 평행하게 접안하기 위한 스러스터 출력과 출력 각을 계산할 수 있는 이론식을 제시하고 다른 변수들로 인한 회두를 PID 제어기로 제어하였다. 또한, 이론식에 필요한 입력요소를 분석하 여 프로그램 개발을 위한 기본개념을 제시하였다.

과거 감시와 통제, 박탈의 역할을 담당했던 교정시절은 보안성에 중점을 두어 설계되었다. 책임형벌주 의에 따른 자유박탈처분은 불가결한 것이지만 현대의 행형이념이 재소자의 재사회에 있다는 점, 구금 으로 인해 발생하는 재소자들의 정신, 심리적 문제 등이 적지 않다는 점 등으로 교정시설의 처우개선을 위한 논의가 진행되고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 교정시설 공간에서의 일상성 회복과 치유를 통한 재소자의 재사회화와 회복적 개념의 교정시설 설계를 제안하였다. 대상지에 대한 일성상 회복의 개념을 적용한 외부공간 설계의 구체적인 설계 전략은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 회복과 치유를 위한 6가지의 원칙을 적용하 였다. 물리적으로 안전하고 사고의 위험 요소가 없는 환경, 긍정적 교류의 장으로서의 환경, 차분한 분 위기의 환경, 이동과 선택의 자유가 보장되는 환경, 일상적 환경과 닮은 공간, 교정시설의 느낌이 사라 진 환경 등이다. 둘째, 연결에 중점을 둔 동선 체계화로 재소자와 자연환경의 상호작용을 촉진하였다. 셋째, 절화정원 조성을 통한 외부 사회와의 소통, 인간적인 연결, 일상성 회복과 치유의 조화를 모색하 였다. 본 연구는 교정시설에 대한 일상성 회복 개념의 적용 논의를 확장하고 앞으로 회복적 개념의 교정 시설 설계를 위한 참고 자료를 제공하는데 학술적 의의가 있다.

In order to use nuclear energy stably, high level radioactive waste including spent nuclear fuel that is inevitably discharged from nuclear power plants after electricity generation must be managed safely and isolated from the human living area for a long period of time. In consideration of the accumulated amount of spent nuclear fuel anticipated according to the national policy for HLW management, the area required for the deep geological repository facility is expected to be very large. Therefore, it is essential to conduct various studies to optimize the area required for the disposal of spent nuclear fuel in cases where the nationally available land is extremely limited, such as in Korea. In this study, as part of such research, the strategies and the requirements for the preliminary design of a high efficiency repository concept of spent nuclear fuel were established. For PWR spent nuclear fuel, seven assemblies of spent nuclear fuel can be accommodated in a disposal canister, and high burnup of spent nuclear fuel was taken into consideration, and the source terms such as the amount and time of discharge and disposal were based on the 2nd national basic plan. By evaluating the characteristics, the amount of decay heat that can be accommodated in the disposal canister was optimized through the combination of seven assemblies of spent nuclear fuel. The cooling period of the radiation source for the safety assessment of the repository system was set at 55 years, and the operation of the repository would start from 2070 and then the disposal schedule would be conducted according to the disposal scenario based on the national basic plan. With these disposal strategies described above, the main requirements for setting up the conceptual design of the high efficiency repository system to be carried out in this study were described below. • A combination of seven spent nuclear fuels with high heat and spent nuclear fuels with low heat was loaded into a disposal canister, and the thermal limit per disposal canister was 1,600 W. • In order to maintain the long-term performance of the repository, the maximum temperature design limit in the buffer material was set to 130°C. • In the deep disposal environment, the safety factor [yield strength/maximum stress] required to maintain the structural stability of the disposal canister should be maintained at 2.0 or higher so that integrity of the canister can be maintained even under long-term hydrostatic pressure and buffer swelling pressure in the deep disposal environment. • The repository should have a maximum exposure dose of 10 mSv/yr or less, which is the legal limit in case of a single event such as an earthquake, and the risk level considering natural phenomena and human intrusion, which is less than the legal limit of 10-6/yr. These strategies and requirements can be used to develop the high-efficiency geological disposal concept for spent nuclear fuels as an alternative disposal concept.

A phosphorylation (phosphate precipitation) technology of metal chlorides is considering as a proper treatment method for recovering the fission products in a spent molten salt. In KAERI’s previous precipitation tests, the powder of lithium phosphate (Li3PO4) as a precipitation agent reacted with metal chlorides in a simulated LiCl-KCl molten salt. The reaction of metal chlorides containing actinides such as uranium and rare earths with lithium phosphate in a molten salt was known as solidliquid reaction. In order to increase the precipitation reaction rate the powder of lithium phosphate dispersed by stirring thoroughly in a molten salt. As one of the recovery methods of the metal phosphates precipitated on the bottom of the molten salt vessel cutting method at the lower part of the salt ingot is considered. On the other hand, a vacuum distillation method of all the molten salt containing the metal phosphates precipitates was proposed as another recovering method. In recent study, a new method for collecting the phosphorylation reaction products into a small recovering vessel was investigated resulting in some test data by using the lithium phosphate ingot in a molten salt containing uranium and three rare earth elements (Nd, Ce, and La). The phosphorylation experiments using lithium phosphate ingots carried out to collect the metal phosphate precipitates and the test result of this new method was feasible. However, the reaction rate of test using lithium phosphate ingot is very slower than that of test using lithium phosphate powder. In this presentation, the precipitation reactor design used for phosphorylation reaction shows that the amount of molten salt transferred to the distillation unit will reduce by collecting all of the metal phosphates that will be generated using lithium phosphate powder into a small recovering vessel.

대다수의 부유식 해양플랜트는 위치 유지의 방법으로서 체인 계류 시스템을 사용하나, 그 설계 변경 과정은 논문으로 찾아보 기 힘들다. 본 연구는 FLBT를 대상 해양플랜트로 선정하여 계류 초기설계안과 모형시험을 수치해석으로 분석하고, 변경된 설계조건에 따 라 새로운 계류 설계안을 제시하였다. 주된 환경 방향에 따라 계류선 묶음(bundle)의 주 방향을 조절하는 것이 계류 설계하중 감소에 크게 유효했다. 터렛 계류된 해양플랜트라도 횡파에 노출되며, 횡파 중 운동 때문에 높은 계류 인장력이 발생했다. 일치된 환경 방향 조건은 설 계조건이 될 수 없으며, 바람, 파도, 조류의 각 환경 방향이 복잡한 조건에서 설계 계류 하중이 발생했다. 횡요 운동이 계류 인장력에 미치 는 영향이 큼으로 적절한 횡요 감쇠 계수를 계류해석에 적용하는 것이 중요하다.

국제해사기구(IMO, International Maritime Organization)를 중심으로 자율운항선박 도입을 대비한 해사안전 및 보안관련 국제 협약 을 제정하고 있다. 국내에서도 선급 및 산업체를 중심으로 자율운항시스템 기술개발에 착수하고 있으며 연안선박에서 발생하는 사고를 줄이기 위해 연안선박을 대상으로 하는 자율운항선박 기술적용 방안 연구가 진행되고 있다. 국내외적으로 자율운항선박에 대한 관심이 크게 증가하고 있으며 실제 개발된 기술의 검증을 위한 해상실증이 본격적으로 추진되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 연안선박에 적용하기 위한 디지털트윈 기술 관련 실증선박과 육상 플랫폼(원격지원센터)의 설계를 위한 기초연구를 진행하였다. 디지털트윈 기술을 선박에 적용하 기 위해 8m 소형 배터리 전기추진선박을 대상으로 선정하였으며, 선박과 육상 플랫폼 간 통신을 통해 선박 항해 및 운전 데이터가 서버 시스템에 저장되고 전기추진선박의 원격제어 명령이 가능한 디지털트윈 통합 플랫폼의 기본 설계를 진행하였다. 이러한 디지털트윈 기술 을 적용한 선박 성능관리, 운항 및 운영 최적화, 예지제어 등이 가능할 것으로 판단되며, 위기상황에 대응이 가능한 안전하고 경제성 있는 디지털트윈 기술의 선박적용이 가능할 것이라 사료된다.

The bilateral nuclear cooperation agreement provides the basis for technical and economic exchanges and research and development cooperation in the nuclear industry, while also having an important role in the peaceful use of nuclear power. The government of Republic of Korea has signed the supplementary and additional arrangements with the United States, Canada, and Australia to specify detailed procedures necessary for the implementation of the agreement. Currently, items under the bilateral nuclear cooperation agreement (i.e., obligated items) are managed through official documents and e-mails, and it is difficult for the government to systemically track item inventory and identify the person in charge. Another issue is the discrepancy of information between the annual report on obligated items and the report under the import and export procedure. In order to solve these problems, the government is establishing an import and export management system for obligated items to enhance transparency and national reliability in Korea. The ultimate purpose of this project is to not only faithfully fulfill the obligations under the bilateral nuclear cooperation agreement, but also to increase the efficiency of implementation work through systematization of databases and management of obligated items. In this paper, an improved management procedures are suggested by analyzing the required functions and problems. Also, this paper provides a conceptual design that can be applied to the management system for it obligated items by identifying and analyzing practical problems in the import and export management of mandatory items. As a result, key considerations and the conceptual design proposal for the ‘export and import management system for items subject to the nuclear bilateral cooperation agreement’ are derived. The result will be supplemented through continuous discussions with facility operators and the government to be utilized for detailed system design.

The purpose of this study is to design an instructional model based on CLIL (Content Language Integrated Learning) theory for effective language learning. The study findings reveal the following three points. First, context-oriented foreign language education is possible, if we have well-edited authentic materials that match the level of the students, and implement the relevant materials as classroom activities that covered 4C (Content, Cognition, Communication, Culture) through sophisticated placement of content-language integration methods. Second, changes in evaluation methods can affect the studying style of learners. Since the process of output can only be actively utilized if the input is repeated, if we provide an desirable evaluation method so that the repetition process can focus on acquiring meaningful language information, this will help learners make more active use of the target language. Third, foreign language education could expand learners’ thinking skills. Content-language integrated learning is sufficient to help students to understand other cultures and compare/analyze the educational contents based on respect for cultural diversity. Through this all learning activities based on CLIL theory, language learners can also develop their critical thinking skills.

본 연구는 다양한 차종의 승용 자동 변속기 변속 성능 및 내구성 평가를 위한 시험 장비 설계를 위하여 수행되었다. 다양한 차종의 주행 중 변속 특성을 시험 장비에서 구현하기 위하여 가장 작은 배기량을 갖는 차량과 가장 큰 배기량을 갖는 차량의 엔진 성능 곡선, 차량 총 중량, 총 기어비를 분석하였다. 분석된 결과를 바탕으로 하여 차량의 총 중량에 의한 관성이 변속기 후단에 전달되었을 때의 등가 관성을 각각 계산하였다. 다양한 차종의 엔진 관성과 성능 곡선을 만족시키기 위해서 입력 동력원은 정격 출력 440㎾, 정격 토크 146.7 kg·m, 관성모멘트 1.76 kg·m2으로 선정한 후 차종에 따라 3가지의 증속기(2.1:1~4.2:1)를 선택할 수 있으며 추가적인 기계 관성을 증속기 후단에 장착할 수 있도록 설계한다. 출력 동력원은 정격 출력 520㎾, 정격 토크 500kg·m, 관성모멘트 5kg·m2로 선정한 후 2:1 감속기와 추가적인 기계 관성을 장착할 수 있도록 설계한다. 다양한 차종의 자동 변속기 변속 특성 및 내구성을 간단한 장치 변경을 통하여 하나의 시험 장비에서 시험할 수 있는 방법을 대상 차량의 엔진 및 관성 정보를 분석하여 제안하였다. 이러한 시험 장비를 활용한다면 자동변속기 개발 및 성능 향상을 위한 비용 및 시간을 크게 절감할 수 있을 것이라 판단된다.

Based on the current high-level radioactive waste management basic plan and the analysis results of spent nuclear fuel characteristics, such as dimensions and decay heat, an improved geological disposal concept for spent nuclear fuel from domestic nuclear power plants was proposed in this study. To this end, disposal container concepts for spent nuclear fuel from two types of reactors, pressurized water reactor (PWR) and Canada deuterium uranium (CANDU), considering the dimensions and interim storage method, were derived. In addition, considering the cooling time of the spent nuclear fuel at the time of disposal, according to the current basic plan-based scenarios, the amount of decay heat capacity for a disposal container was determined. Furthermore, improved disposal concepts for each disposal container were proposed, and analyses were conducted to determine whether the design requirements for the temperature limit were satisfied. Then, the disposal efficiencies of these disposal concepts were compared with those of the existing disposal concepts. The results indicated that the disposal area was reduced by approximately 20%, and the disposal density was increased by more than 20%.

The purpose of this study was to develop a workwear design that takes into account the characteristics of people with severe developmental disabilities who can engage in vocational activities. The aim was to identify needs according to the specific characteristics of people with severe disabilities to design work clothes and develop products according to universal design guidelines. This research method was conducted through representative interviews from a company employing people with severe disabilities in Daegu to determine the requirements for workers-related work clothes, and then applied universal design guidelines to perform appropriate design. The results of the study show that the hygiene and warmth of clothing are important for people with developmental disabilities. Therefore, the use of bright materials is required. Second, people with brain lesions often have low body temperature due to difficulties with blood circulation, for which warmth is a required factor. Third, people with severe developmental disabilities should not be differentiated in comparison to people without disabilities, therefore, it was important to use nondiscriminatory designs. Accordingly, it was more efficient to modify and supplement clothing designed for non-disabled people with hidden functions to suit specific characteristics, rather than to develop specialized clothing. These demands were found to conform to what is referred to as a universal design concept, through which three nondiscriminatory shirt designs and two easy-to-use pants were designed.

This study is to find out the design concept of asymmetrical building with 4 purlins mainly in Sungkyunkwan(Confucian Shrines), Changgyeonggung palace and Changdeokgung palace The results are as follows: First, asymmetrical building with 4 purlins has the same height pillars, which was useful to control the side lenght and put a higher pillar without limit. Second, the side length of the asymmetrical building with 4 purlins is between 12 to 14 Ja[尺]. It's relatively longer than the minimum length(12 Ja) of 5 purlins architecture seen in later Joseon dynasty. Third, asymmetrical building with 4 purlins was not an anomalous structure when compared to 3 purlins and 5 purlins. It was actually a traditional style, unlike the current architectural recognition nowadays, which mainly focused on the balanced roof structure. These examples show that the architectures in Early Joseon dynasty were planned and constructed first according to the plane division that fit in a specific use or space.