This study is aimed to find out whether there is difference in the physiological change of a human body according to the illumination and color of interior space or not and to specify the effect of the condition of illumination and color, respectively on the attention. In order to do so, White and Green were selected for colors and 4,000k, 5,000k, and 6000k were done for color temperature, and then attention was identified. Examining the results, the more color temperature increased, the more attention improved (P < 0.05), and in the case of EEG, α wave decreased while performing the task of attention (P < 0.01), and β wave decreased more in Green than White in color condition, and it increased more in 4,000k than 5,000k and 6,000k (p < 0.05) in color temperature condition. To sum up, color condition didn't contribute to the attention much, in the case of color temperature, when it is 6,000k, it is judged that it helped to improve attention. It is considered that relaxation contributed to improving attention, as β wave and sympathetic nerve decreased in 6,000k (p < 0.05). It is judged that the relaxation of tensions which happened due to a beta wave and the reduction of sympathetic nervous system activity in 6,000k, a condition of high color temperature, contributed to the improvement of concentration. In further researches, it is intended that a test will be conducted for the subjects of different ages, and the correlation between color temperature and color stimulation and the influence of them on human body would be observed in subdivided, various test conditions through various color temperature and color stimulation.

This study was conducted to investigate visual threshold of nigro (Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum) on white LED light. Thevisual threshold was obtained by analyzing electrocardiogram (ECG) of the nigro. 5 individuals (body weight: 15.62~45.49 g; TL: 8.9~12.4 cm) were trained for lights by an electric stimulus. And then the heart rate (beats/10s) before and after switching on the light were compared. Light intensity range was from 0.00 to 226.4 lux. Average heart rate was 10.36 beats/10s in the normal condition. When the fish perceived the light, the heart rate was decreased. Visual threshold of the fish was 2.59 lux.

This is about the successful use of eCG and hCG for producing a Siberian tiger pup born from 10-year-old, primiparous, albino Siberian tiger. From February 2010 to July 2010, natural breeding had been tried three times with no conception. During this period of five months, estrus behaviors appeared to be typically normal and a lot of matings were observed. After consecutive failures, 1000 IU eCG (equine chorionic gonadotropin) were intramuscularly injected on the day showing estrus behavior, followed with an injection of 750 IU hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) 80 hours later. The tiger stopped recurrence of estrus, and a cub, weighed 780 gram, was born alive 104 days after hCG injection. This study is the first report showing the unique, successful use of exogenous hormones as one of artificial breeding programs in the long history of captive breeding of carnivorous zoo animals in Korea.

최근 생체 신호 측정을 위한 기능성 의류는 동작 잡음에 의한 노이즈를 최대한 줄여 정확한 생체 신호를 측정 가능케 하는 것의 중요성에 대한 논의가 이루어지고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 영향 요인별 고려 사항을 반 영하여 3-리드(lead)방식의 은사 자수의 직물 전극을 개발하고, '일자형 절개 타입', '십자형절개 타입', '엑스형 절개 타입', '곡선 엑스형 절개 타입'의 총 네 가지 타입의 생체신호 센싱 스마트 의류의 시안을 설계하고 제작하였다. 디자인 시안은 민소매형태의 남성용 티셔츠로 신축성 있는 소재를 사용하여 인체 굴곡을 따라 의복과 전극이 밀착될 수 있도록 하였으며, 트랜스미터를 이용하여 메인 컴퓨터로 데이터가 무선 전송되게 하였다. 각 재모듈화형 의류 타입별 인체 동작에 의한 영향과 정지 및 동작 상태에서의 심전도 센싱 성능을 평가하기 위해 동작에 따른 전극의 변위를 측정하고, 심전도 측정 평가를 실시하여 SNR을 분석하였다. 본 실험 결과를 반영하여 의류 디자인 시안의 수정 및 보완 과정을 거친 후, 최종적으로 '연속-부착형', '삽입-분리형'의 두 가지 타입의 생체신호 센싱 스마트의류 디자인 모형의 모듈화 방안을 제시하였다.

The glycoprotein hormone family represents a class of heterodimers, that includes the placental hormone equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) and the anterior pituitary hormones‐ follitropin (FSH), lutropin (LH), and thyrotropin (TSH). The 4 hormones are heterodimers, with a common α‐subunit and unique β‐subunits. eCG is the most heavily glycosylated of the known pituitary and placental glycoprotein hormones. Recent observations using single chain glycoprotein hormone analogs in which, the β‐and α‐subunits are linked, implied that heterodimeric‐like quaternary configuration is not a prerequisite for receptor/signal transduction. To study the function and signal transduction of tethered rec‐eCG, a single chain eCG molecule was constructed and rec‐eCG protein was produced. Molecular mass of the single chain is about 45 kDa. All mice were ovulated by tethered rec‐eCG treatment. The dual activity of tethered rec‐eCG was determined in receptor cell lines of nonequid species; in fact, this dual activity was proven in species other than horse. Tethered rec‐eCG in equids does not bind to FSH receptors, suggesting that eCG is primarily an LH‐like hormone in the horse. Taken together, these data suggest that tethered rec‐eCG has dual activity in nonequid species in vitro. However, it has only LH‐like activity in equid species in vitro.

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of eCG and various concentrations (20, 40, and 80 ) of porcine FSH on nuclear maturation and intracellular glutathione (GSH) level of oocytes, and embryonic development after parthenogenetic activation (PA) and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) in pigs. Immature pig oocytes were matured in TCM-199 supplemented with porcine follicular fluid, cysteine, pyruvate, EGF, insulin, and hormones (10 IU/ml hCG and 10 IU/ml eCG or FSH) for the first 22 h and then further cultured in hormone-tree medium for an additional 22 h. Nuclear maturation of oocytes () was not influencem foreCG and various concentrations FSH. Embryonic development to the cleavage stage () and mean number of cells in blastocyst ( cells) after PA were not altered but blastocyst formation e-treignificaddlor(p<0.05) improvem forthe supplementation eith 80 FSHr(64%) compared to 47%, io8%, iand 47% in oocytes that were treated with eCG, 20,i and 40 FSH,i numectivelo. In SCNT, fusion () of cell-cytoplast couplets and siosequent embryo cleavage () were not influencem fordifferent gonadotropins but blastocyst formation tended to increase forthe supplementation eith 80 FSHr(25% vs. ). Our nuults demonstrated that oocyte maturation and embryonic development after PA and SCNT e-frinfluencem fortype of gcem fortype of gits concentration. In this study, supplementation of maturation medium eith 80 FSHrimproved preimplantation development of PA and SCNT pig embryos, probably by increasing intracellular GSH concentration of matured oocytes.

In order to develop "textile electrode - sensing clothing" which is a sort of smart clothing to measure electric activities of heart, we propose possible ways to develop textile electrode and design of sensing clothing, ultimately aiming to develop "ECG sensing clothing for lifestyle monitoring". Conventional sensors for measuring typical electric activities of heart keep certain distance between measuring electrodes to measure signals for electric activities of heart, but these sensors often cause inappropriate factors (e.g. motional artifacts, inconvenience of use, etc) for monitoring natural cardiac activities in our daily life. In addition, most of textile electrodes have made it difficult to collect data due to high impedance and unstable contact between skin and electrodes. To overcome these questions, we minimized distance between electrodes and skin to maximize convenience of use. And in order to complement contact between skin electrodes, we modified textile electrode's form and developed ways to design clothing. As a result, we could find out clinical significance by investigating possible associations of clinical electrocardiogram (ECG) with variation of distance between electrodes, and could also demonstrate clinically significant associations between textile electrode developed herein and clothing.

본 연구는 언제 어디서나 건강관리를 할 수 있는 u-health care를 위해 cuff를 사용하지 않고 손쉽게 혈압을 측정할 수 있는 기술을 개발하였다. ECG와 PPG 시그널(signal) 만을 이용하여 혈압을 실시간으로 측정할 수 있는 기존 기술은 PTT를 분석 할 때 노이즈나 진폭의 변화로 인해 Peak 추정의 오류가 자주 발생한다. 본 연구에서는 이를 해결하기 위해 적응적 peak 추정 기술을 개발하여 Peak 추정의 정확도를 향상시켰다. 이를 적용하여 측정데이터를 분석한 결과 PTT의 표준편차는 28%감소하였으며, 노이즈 탐지 성능은 18%증가하였다. 또한 PTT와 혈압간의 상관성에 대해 분석한 결과 수축기 혈압= -0.044 · PTT + 133.592의 상관식을 도출하였다. 도출된 상관식을 적용하여 PPG와 ECG 만으로 수축기 혈압을 연속적으로 측정할 수 있는 시스템을 구축하였다.

Previous studies showed that recombinant equine chorionic gonadotropin (rec-eCGβ/α) exhibits both folliclestimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH)-like activities in rat LHR- and FSHR-expressing cells. In this study, we analyzed signal transduction by eelFSHR and eelLHR upon stimulation with rec-eCGβ/α and native eCG. The cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) stimulation in CHO-K1 cells expressing eelLHR was determined upon exposure to different doses (0–1,450 ng/mL) of rec-eCGβ/α and native eCG. The EC50 values of rec-eCGβ/α and native eCG were 172.4 and 786.6 ng/mL, respectively. The activity of rec-eCGβ/α was higher than that of native eCG. However, signal transduction in the CHO PathHunter Parental cells expressing eelFSHR was not enhanced by stimulation with both agonist rec-eCGβ/α and native eCG. We concluded that rec-eCGβ/α and native eCG were completely active in cells expressing eelLHR, similar to the activity in the mammalian cells expressing LHRs. However, rec-eCGβ/α and native eCG did not invoke any signaling response in the cells expressing eelFSHR. These results suggest that eCG has a potent activity in cells expressing eelLHR. Thus, we also suggest that rec-eCGβ/α can induce eel maturation by administering gonadotropic reagents (LH), such as salmon pituitary extract.

Equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) is a unique molecule that elicits the response characteristics of both follicle- stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in other species. Previous studies from this laboratory had demonstrated that recombinant eCG (rec-eCG) from Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells exhibited both FSH- and LH-like activity in rat granulosa and Leydig cells. In this study, we analyzed receptor internalization through rec-eCGs, wild type eCG (eCGβ/α) and mutant eCG (eCGβ/αΔ56) with an N-linked oligosaccharide at Asn56 of the α-subunit. Both the rec-eCGs were obtained from CHO-K1 cells. The agonist activation of receptors was analyzed by measuring stimulation time and concentrations of rec-eCGs. Internalization values in the stably selected rat follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (rFSHR) and rat luteinizing/ chorionic gonadotropin receptor (rLH/CGR) were highest at 50 min after stimulation with 10 ng of rec-eCGβ/α. The dose-dependent response was highest when 10 ng of rec-eCGβ/α was used. The deglycosylated eCGβ/αΔ56 mutant did not enhance the agonist-stimulated internalization. We concluded that the state of activation of rFSHR and rLH/CGR could be modulated through agonist-stimulated internalization. Our results suggested that the eLH/CGRs are mostly internalized within 60 min by agonist-stimulation by rec-eCG. We also suggested that the lack of responsiveness of the deglycosylated eCGβ/ αΔ56 was likely because the site of glycosylation played a pivotal role in agonist-stimulated internalization in cells expressing rFSHR and rLH/CGR.

최근 청소년들의 인터넷 및 스마트폰 과도한 사용이 사회적 이슈가 되어왔다. 작업에 대한 몰입 수 준은 좋은 결과물을 만들 수 있는 긍정적 효과와 과 몰입 같은 부정적 효과를 모두 가지고 있다. 본 연구는 심혈관 반응 기반의 몰입 상태를 판단하는 알고리즘을 개발하고자 하였다. 피험자들은 무 자극 상태, 그리고 몰입을 유발하기 위한 패턴 맞추기 게임을 수행하였고, 몰입 수준을 제공하기 위해 협력 과 경쟁 태스크로 나누어 실험 디자인 하였다. 각 태스크에 따라 심박과 진폭의 상관성을 분석하고 다 항식 회귀 분석을 통해 회귀식 및 정확도를 확인하였다. 결과는 게임 태스크일 때, 심박과 진폭은 양 의 상관성을 보였으며 무자극일 때 음의 상관성을 보였다. 개발된 다차항 회귀식으로 게임 태스크와 무 자극을 구분하는 정확도는 평균 89%의 정확도를 보였다. 태스크간의 차이는 76.5% 정확도를 확인 하였다. 본 연구는 실시간으로 몰입 수준을 정량적으로 평가하는데 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

뇌파 및 심전도 생체신호를 복합적으로 이용한 감정인식을 통한 실시간 사용자 인터페이스를 제안한다. 기존에 뇌파를 통한 감정인식의 문제점이었던 낮은 정확도를 개선하기 위해 뇌파의 Theta, Alpha, Beta, Gamma의 상대파워 값과 심전도의 자율신경계 비율을 혼합하는 복합 생체 신호 감정 인식 시스템을 개발했다. 기쁨, 공포, 슬픔, 즐거움, 화남, 혐오에 해당하는 6가지 감 정을 인식하기 위해 사용자별 확률 값을 저장하는 데이터 맵을 생성하고, 채널에 대응하는 감 정 인식의 정확도를 향상시키기 위해 가중치를 갱신하는 알고리즘을 제안한다. 또한 뇌파로 구 성된 단일 데이터와 뇌파/심전도 생체신호 복합 데이터의 실험 결과를 비교한 결과 23.77%의 정확도 증가를 보였다. 제안된 인터페이스 시스템은 높은 정확도를 통해 게임 및 스마트 공간 의 제어에 필요한 인터페이스로 기기에 활용이 가능할 것이다.

NUI(Natural User Interface)는 별도의 입출력 장치 없이 사용자 자신의 음성/신체부위 등을 사용하여 주변 디지털 기기를 제어할 수 있도록 하는 기술이다. 본 논문에서는 NUI가 적용된 스마트 공간에서 신체를 직접적으로 사용하는 체감형 게임을 실행하는 사용자를 대상으로 연구를 진행하였다. 게임 사용자의 스트레스 발생 여부를 알아내기 위하여 게임 시행 전과 후로 나누어 각각 60초에 걸쳐서 심전도를 측정하였고, 측정된 신호를 개량된 Random Forest 알고리즘으로 분석하였다. 교사학습 방식에 의한 실험을 위하여 사용자는 자신의 스트레스 발생 여부를 별도로 입력하여 저장하도록 하였으며, 실험결과 개량된 알고리즘이 기존의 알고리즘보다 1.04% 높은 정확도를 보여주었다.