This study was undertaken to examine body image distortion among female adolescents and identify related factors. Raw data from the 14th Korean Youth Health Behavior Survey were used. The proportion of participants exhibiting body image distortion was 39.5%, with the ratio being higher among female students of normal weight as compared to underweight female students. Logistic regression revealed that the risk of having a distorted body image was higher among high school females than in middle school females having lower subjective academic performance and household economic status. In addition, the risk of having a distorted body image was higher for students who drank alcohol when compared to students who did not drink, for the group engaging vigorously in physical activity (exercise) more than three times per week as opposed to the group exercising less than three times per week, and for the group consuming less than one serving of fruit per day as compared to the group consuming more than one serving of fruit per day. Taken together, the results of this study indicate that continuous nutrition education needs to be provided so that adolescents can correctly perceive their body images and form desirable eating habits.

본 논문은 레지날드 마쉬(Reginald Marsh, 1898~1954)의 벌레스크 작품을 중심으로 여성 이미지에 관한 연구이다. 마쉬는 14번가 화파(Fourteenth Street School)의 예술가들과 함께 일하는 남녀, 중산층 쇼핑객, 상인 등 하층민에게 관심을 가졌다. 마쉬는 거리의 실업자, 부랑자들을 적나라하게 보여주기도 했으나, 하층민들의 세련되지 않은 상점과 유흥 거리를 관찰하여 영화관, 유원지, 백화점, 나이트클럽, 벌레스크 극장들을 주제로 스케치 작업에 집중했다. 마쉬는 벌레스크의 여성들을 전통적인 예술작품에서 찬양의 대상인 미의 여신 이미지로 투영하거나 여성들을 기괴한 모습으로 표현하기도 한다. 따라서 본고에서는 마쉬의 벌레스크 이미지에서 보이는 양가적 특성을 1920∼1930년대 사회·문화의 쟁점과 연결하여 살펴보았다. 마쉬가 벌레스크 댄서와 이상적 미의 대상인 비너스와 동일시한 시도는 문화적 평 준화를 추구한 방식이었다. 더불어, 회화 속 신체 표현, 윤곽선, 부드러운 형태, 전체의 화면 구성은 고전주의 형식적 관심을 작품에 실현한 것이다. 한편 마쉬의 벌레스크 이미지에서는 ‘그로테스크한 몸’은 두려움과 불쾌함을 유발할 수 있지만, 이상적이고 완결의 이미지를 보여주는 ‘고전적 몸(classical body)’과 대조되는 것으로 해석될 수 있다. 그리고 마쉬에게 하층민의 즐거움을 분출하는 벌레스크는 가장 상업적인 카니발이었다. 이러한 표현에서 마쉬가 그 여성들에게 가졌던 양가적인 감정을 읽을 수 있고, 더 나아가 마쉬가 당시 사회를 바라보는 긍정과 비판의 양가적 관점을 엿볼 수 있다. 마쉬는 동시대 사회·문화에 대한 의식과 예술적 신념을 벌레스크 이미지에 적극적으로 표명했으며, 대중문화의 시각적 이미지를 순수 미술의 소재로 사용하여 예술의 지평을 넓히려 한 미술가로 평가될 수 있을 것이다.

This study aims to identify the differences between Korean and Chinese and males and females in terms of female image preferences. The survey was conducted for 1 month targeting male and female Korean and Chinese subjects. Among the 350 completed questionnaires, 309 were used for analysis. For the analysis, 11 female images were chosen based on theoretical study, then a t-test and a paired t-test were carried out using SPSS 19.0. The results of this study are as follows: First, differences in female image preferences were observed to depend on nationality and gender. Koreans prefer urban images while Chinese prefer cute, intelligent, and sexy images. Second, males prefer innocent or sexy images, while females prefer sophisticated images. Third, Korean males prefer innocent, active, sophisticated, gentle, cute, sexy, urban, natural, intelligent, spectacular, and neutral images in order. Chinese males prefer gentle, innocent, sexy, active, sophisticated, intelligent, cute, natural, urban, spectacular, and neutral images in order. Fourth, Korean females prefer sophisticated, gentle, urban, natural, intelligent, innocent, active, sexy, cute, spectacular, and neutral images in order. Chines females prefer sophisticated, intelligent, cute, gentle, innocent, active, natural, sexy, urban, spectacular, and neutral images in order. Using these results, it will be possible to design marketing strategies for global consumers.

The study aims to investigate the effects of media and self-image congruity of ideal body image on the dieting and exercising behaviors of Korean and U.S. female college students. This study focuses on the concept of self-image congruity in order to examine how respondents perceive actual and desired self-images compared to an ideal female body image selected by respondents. A self-administered survey was conducted, resulting in 331 total responses (194 from Korean students and 137 from U.S. students). The data were analyzed through descriptive analysis, t-test, exploratory factor analysis, and regression analysis using SPSS 23.0. The findings revealed significant differences between Korean and U.S. female college students. U.S. students were more exposed to body image ideals in the media than Korean students; however, Korean female students valued the information regarding ideal body image conveyed by the media more than U.S. respondents. Among Korean female students, exposure to media messages regarding ideal body image and media importance had significant effects on desired self-image congruity, while these factors were not significant among U.S. students. However, there was a negative effect of media exposure on actual self-image congruity among U.S. respondents only. Additionally, the study uncovered that Korean students manage their body image through dieting behaviors while U.S. respondents manage body image through exercise behaviors (weight training as well as cardiovascular exercise). The study provides further support for self-image congruity, which extends its applications to the body image field.

As mass media has come to intervene with politics in a more proactive way during modern times, the image of a politician has evolved into a more relevant factor compared with political content. This phenomenon is known as "image politics", and such externalized images as non-verbal cues have grown in importance, along with the numbers of female politicians. Thus image strategy has been instituted as a major research theme in the field of political marketing, especially for female politicians. In accordance with this theme, this study aims to approach fashion as part of image strategy of female politicians, in order to reemphasize political fashion as a valuable resource. The methodologies employed in this study are based on both the literature and positive research. Female politicians have long utilized fashion styles that are, or are assumed to be, the most appealing to their target base of support in a predominantly male-centered sector. In this sense, appropriate choices in the usage of apparel items, colors, hair styles, accessories, and others according to each situation and respective hierarchies are of the utmost importance. When attending official ceremonies and other related meetings, the strategic superiority afforded to a scientific approach based on thorough fashion research, compared with personal taste is imperative. The significance of this study lies within the recognition of the importance of fashion image, and how to utilize fashion for image strategy in practice, through the investigative synthesis and review of major preceding research.

This study was conducted using a self boarding questionnaire survey to investigate body image perception, dietary habits and nutrient intakes according to interest level in health of female university students in Masan area (n=302). The subjects were divided into 2 groups according to interest level in health (‘High’ group, n=101, ‘Low’ group, n=201). Body image according to BMI was significantly different regardless of interest level in health (p<0.001). The answer percentage indicated that the purpose of weight control is health, regular use of the scale, and regular exercise were significantly higher in the high group (p<0.05). Nutrient knowledge score (p<0.01) and food frequency score (p<0.001) were significantly higher in the high group (p<0.01). There were no significant differences in nutrient intake, but intake, NAR and INQ of vitamin C were significantly higher in the high group (p<0.001). Nutrition knowledge score (p<0.01), food intake frequency score (p<0.01), and INQ and NAR of vitamin C (p<0.01) were positively correlated with the interest level in health. These results will be useful as a basis for the development of effective nutrition education programs in order to increase interest level in health and apply well in real life what have learned through the correct nutrition knowledge.

This study was performed to investigate the eating habit, body image, and weight control behavior by BMI in Korean female high school students. Data on the 16, 574 subjects was obtained from the sixth Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (2010). Only 52.2% of the subjects had regular breakfast. The rate of skipping breakfast was higher in the underweight group than in the obese group, but the rate of skipping dinner was on the contrary to this. Underweight students had a higher intake frequency of fruits, fast food, instant noodle, and snacks than the obese groups. 3.5% of underweight students considered themselves to be overweight or obese. 53.4% of obese students considered themselves to be overweight. The experience of weight control increased according to BMI, but underweight students considered weight control as an effort to be slimmer. Meal restriction was used more frequently to control weight. The perceived stress level was higher in obese student, especially due to appearance. Therefore, an appropriate, integrated and personalized high school nutrition program should be established for proper body image perception and to develop the self-esteem of female high school students.

본 연구는 간접적인 숲 체험활동이라 할 수 있는 숲 이미지 산책 의 효과를 알아보기 위하여 자유 활동이 제한된 여자 소년원생들을 대상으로 프로그램 시행 후 그들의 공격성 및 자아존중감에 미친 영향을 조사하였다. 그 결과 실험군의 공격성은 통계적으로 의미있 는 수준은 아니지만 다소 완화된 결과를 보였으며, 자아존중감은 유의미하게 향상된 것으로 나타났다. 이로써 간접적인 숲 체험활동 이 시설에 수용된 비행청소년들의 정서에 일정부분 긍정적인 영향 을 미친다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구는 소년원의 여건상 많은 인원을대상으로 실험하지 못 하였으므로 이번 결과를 일반화시키기는 힘들 것이다. 따라서 청소 년이 아닌 성인, 통제된 시설 수용자가 아닌 일반인 등 다양한 사람 을 대상으로 다양한 척도를 활용하여 연구를 진행한다면 보다 풍부 하고 심도있는 결과를 도출할 수 있을 것이다. 본 연구과정을 통해 실행된 숲이미지 산책은 시설수용자, 환자, 통제된 작업장 근로자처럼 여건상 직접적인 숲 활동에 제약을 받는 사람들에게 적용하기 적절할 것으로 판단되며, 우선적으로 자연접 촉의 기회가 부족하고 자유롭지 못한 시설수용자에 대한 시행이 정 책적으로 검토되길 기대한다.

본 연구는 여대생의 신체상, 섭식행동 및 자아 존중감을 관계 분석하여 바람직한 식이습관 및 건강생활을 위한 근거를 제시하고자 위한 것으로 첫째, 여대생들의 전공별 신체상과 섭식행위(섭식의도 및 절제) 및 자아 존중감의 차이를 분석하고 둘째, 여대생들의 신체상에 따른 섭식행위 및 자아존중감과의 관계를 분석하였다. 본 연구의 연구대상은 서울시내 여대생을 대상으로 유층집략무선표집을 한 후 총 582명을 대상으로 설문조사한 후 일반전공 194명, 체육전공 215명 무용전공 173명을 대상으로 일원변량분석과 회귀분석을 한 결과 전공별 신체상에서는 건강 체력평가에서 유의한 차이가 나타났고 체육, 무용, 일반집단 순으로 높게 나타났으며, 신장에 대한 불만에서는 일반과 무용이 체육집단에 비해 신장에 대한 불만이 더 높게 나타났다. 섭식행동에서는 정서적 섭식에서 무용과 일반집단이 체육전공집단보다 더 높게 나타났고 절제된 섭식에서는 무용집단이 다른 집단에 비해 더 높게 나타났으며, 외부적 섭식에서는 일반과 무용집단이 체육 전공집단보다 더 높게 나타났다. 신체상과 섭식행동은 사회적 종속성(7.6%), 전반적 외모평가(6.1%), 운동에 대한 효과(4.7%), 몸치장(3.5%), 건강 체력(3.1%)이 영향이 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 신체상과 자아존중감은 전반적 외모평가(10.2%), 몸치장에 대한 관심(6.8%), 건강 체력평가(1.5%) 순으로 설명력을 보여주었다. 이와 같은 결과는 신체상과 섭식행동, 자아 존중감은 영향을 미치고 있음을 보여주었다.