To study the impedance characteristics of a fluorescent OLED according to the device structure, we fabricated Device 1 using ITO / NPB / Alq3 / Liq / Al, Device 2 using ITO / 2-TNATA / NPB / Alq3 / Liq / Al, and Device 3 using ITO / 2-TNATA / NPB / SH-1:BD / Alq3 / Liq / Al. The current density and luminance decreased with an increasing number of layers of the organic thin films in the order of Device 1, 2, 3, whereas the current efficiency increased. From the Cole-Cole plot at a driving voltage of 6 V, the maximum impedance values of Devices 1, 2, and 3 were respectively 51, 108, and 160 Ω just after device fabrication. An increase in the impedance maximum value is a phenomenon caused by the charge mobility and the resistance between interfaces. With the elapse of time after the device fabrication, the shape of the Cole-Cole plot changed to a form similar to 0 or a lower voltage due to the degradation of the device. As a result, we were able to see that an impedance change in an OLED reflects the characteristics of the degradation and the layer.

In order to develop the substitutive materials for natural baits of swimming crab pots, the fluorescent characteristics of the baits were analyzed, and the preference of fluorescent dyes were investigated by the mean entrapped catch number to the pots through the water tank experiments and fishing experiments. On the investigation of fluorescent characteristics by the 5 kinds of baits, mackerel, krill, manila clam, pig's fat and chicken's head which were used in substitutive baits for test in the UV long wave(365nm) area, it showed clear blue fluorescence in the skin of mackerel, shell of krill, manila clam and bill of chicken's head, and green fluorescence in the mackerel s muscle and internals, and yellow fluorescence in the pig's fat and chicken's head. On the investigation of fluorescent characteristics by the bait cages in the UV short wave(254nm) and long wave(365nm) area, it showed each green, red and blue fluorescence in the cylinderical or hexahedral red plastic bait cages which were painted each green, red and blue fluorescence dyes, but it showed yellowish green flourescence in the cylinderical or hexahedral red plastic bait cage which was painted yellow fluorescent dye. On the preference investigation of the fluorescent dyes of swimming crabs by the 5 kinds of the bait cages which were put the mackerel in the non-fluorescent red plastic cage(RFN), red, yellow, green and blue fluorescent plastic cages(RF, YF, GF, BF) each, nonfluorescent red plastic cage(RFN) was entrapped mean 2.0(6.7%), but blue fluorescent plastic cage(BF) was mean 5.0(16.7%) and it was more 2.5 times comparing to RFN, and red fluorescent cage(RF) was same level and green fluorescent cage(GF) was 50% of catch number comparing to RFN, and yellow fluorescent cage(YF) was entrapped nothing(F 46.324, P 〈 0.05). On the investigation of the entrapped catch number to the pots which were put the mackerel in the blue fluorescent hexahedral plastic cage(HP) and blue fluorescent silicon mackerel model cage(SM), HP was mean 3.4(11.3%) and it was a little more comparing to SM which was entrapped mean 3.2(10.7%)(t 0.775, P 〉 0.05). Fishing experiments on the preference investigation of swimming crabs by the pots which were put in the non-fluorescent red plastic cage(RFN) and blue fluorescent plastic cage(BF) were conducted 3 times. Mean catching number and weight of RFN were 71.7 ind.(18.3%) and 16.9kg(64.3%), and those of BF were 93.0 ind.(23.1%) and 19.8kg(64.5%), respectively.

Oligomer type anionic surfactants(RmM-Na or RmD-Na were synthesized from C8~C16 long chain alkylvinylether and maleic anhydride (or maleic diethylether). And also their fluorescent anionic surfactants (RmF- Na) were obtained from alkali neutralization which opens the lactone ring of the condensing materials produced by maleic anhydride alkylvinylether copolymer and 3-aminophenol. The measurement results for the surface active properties of water soluble oligomer type anionic surfactants with fluorescent structure (RmF-Na) exhibited a remarkable surface tension lowing property, foam breaking property, and a ernulsing power.

Mercury distribution and hazardous characteristics of major components from SCFLs (Spent compact fluorescent lamps)for 3 lamp manufactures (A, B, C) are estimated by the analysis of mercury concentration and leaching tests such asKorean Extraction Test (KET) and Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP). SCFLs can be separated into glasstube, phosphor powder, metals, ballast, plastics, and binder. Through the analysis of mercury in major components forSCFL, mercury concentration in phosphor powder is much higher than that in other components regardless manufacturesof lamp. Also, mercury concentration in phosphor powder is dependent of the manufactures of lamp. From the leachingtests, all components except phosphor powder from 3 lamp manufactures are verified to be non-hazardous waste becauseall leaching concentrations are below the regulatory level. However, the leaching concentration of mercury in phosphorpowder of SCFLs is higher than the regulatory level in both KET and TCLP regardless manufactures of lamp. Hence,phosphor powder should be managed as a hazardous waste and should be separately managed to control mercury.

To investigate characteristics of biogeochemical environment of the Korea Deep Ocean Study(KODOS) area in the northeast Pacific Ocean, we preferentially measured inorganic nutrients and fluorescent organic matters. Typically, the permanent thermocline was well developed at the depth of 200∼1000m in the study area. Nitrate, phosphate and silicate were low in the surface mixed layer and increased with depth. N/P and N/Si showed 15 and 0.2 respectively in the deeper layer. Two fluorophores, biomacromolecule(protein-like) and geomacromolecule (humic-like), were observed by three dimensional fluorescence excitation/emission spectra matrix. Biomacromolecule(maximum fluorescence at Ex_280nm/Em_330nm) ranged from 41.9 to 147.0 TU with its maximum in the surface mixed layer and minimum in deeper water. This is a same trend that has been reported for DOC in the equatorial Pacific. This suggests that biomacromolecule might be labile and converted to refractory humic substance after bacterial degradation in the deeper layer. On the contrary, geomacromolecule(maximum fluorescence at Ex_330nm/Em_430), ranged from 7.6 to 46.5 QSU, showed minimum in the surface mixed layer(euphotic zone) implying photodegradation and then increased with depth at all stations. In the characteristics of vertical profiles, the relationship between biomacromolecule and geomacromolecule showed negative correlation. Such trend can be attributed to biochemical regeneration or formation of fluorescent materials accompanying oxidation and remineralization of settling organic matter.