The lyophilization of the solution extracted from 60 percent of acetone applied to persimmon leaves, the compounding process in accordance with the solution's concentration, and the gel filteration through Sephadex G-50 of biologically activated substances obstructing enzyme activity, such as tyrosinase, xanthine oxidase, and angiotesin converting enzyme (ACE) led to the assumption that polyphenol was the compound serving as biologically activated substances obstructing enzyme activity. Xanthine oxidase involved in pruine metabolism oxidizes hypoxanthine to xanthine and xanthine to uric acid. In the continuous study for natural compound, nine flavan-3-ols have been isolated from the persimmon leaves. The structures of (+)-catechin, (+)-gallocatechin, procyanidin B-1, pyrocyanidin C-1, prodelphinidin B-3, gallocatechin-(4α→8)-catechin, procyanidin B-7-3-O-gallate, procyanidin C-1-3'-3'-3'-O-trigallate and (-)-epigallocatechin-(4α→8)-epigallocatechin-(4α→8)-catechin were established by NMR and their inhibitory effect on xanthine oxidase activity was investigated. Procyanidin B-7-3-O-gallate, (-)-epigallocatechin-(4α→8)-epigallocatechin-(4α→8)-catechin and procyanidin C-1-3'-3'-3'-O-trigallate showed 94%, 90.69%, 80.90% inhibition at 100 (μ)M and inhibited on the angiotensin converting enzyme respectively. Procyanidin B-7-3-O-gallate and procyanidin C-1-3'-3'-3'-O-trigallate showed 66%, 63% inhibition at 100 (μ)M and inhibited on the xanthine oxidase competitively. Procyanidin C-1-3'-3'-3'-O-trigallate showed 70% inhibition at 100 (μ)M and inhibited on the tyrosinase competitively.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the beneficial effects of Eriobotryae Folium on diabetic improvement through oxidative stress and inflammation in the liver of type 2 diabetic db/db mice. Eriobotryae Folium extract (100 or 200 mg/kg body weight, p.o) was administrated everyday for 3 weeks. And then, its effect was assessed on comparison with vehicle-treated db/db and non-diabetic m/m mice. Serum glucose and hepatic tissue biochemical factors and protein expression related with oxidative stress and inflammation such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase were measured. As a result, the administration of Eriobotryae Folium decreased body and liver weight, food intake in vehicle-treated db/db. Also, serum glucose was lowered by Eriobotryae Folium treatment. Eriobotryae Folium administration decreased oxidative stress through the down-regulation of ROS and NADPH oxidase subunit proteins, NOX-4 and p47 phox .Moreover,theincreaseofinflammatoryproteinssuchasinduciblenitricoxidesynthase(iNO S),cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2),tumornecrosisfactoralpha(TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) on vehicle-treated db/db were significantly decreased through down-regulation nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and activator pretoein-1 (AP-1) via reduction of oxidative stress. Therefore, hepatic functional parameters such as alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase significantly decreased. In conclusion, Eriobotryae Folium extract could have hepato-protective effect through down-regulation of abnormal NADPH oxidase subunit and the oxidative stress in type 2 diabetic db/db mice.

Prostaglandin (PG) E2 is an important mediator of skin wound healing without excessive scarring and gastric ulcer healing. However, PGE2 has a short lifetime in vivo because it is metabolized rapidly by 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH). Ethanol extract of Eriobotryae folium (EFEE) elevated intracellular and extracellular PGE2 levels in HaCaT cells and inhibited 15-PGDH (ED50 : 168.4μg/mL) with relatively low cytotoxicity (IC50 : 250.0μg/mL). Real-time PCR analysis showed that mRNA expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2 enzymes were increased and prostaglandin transporter (PGT) was decreased in HaCaT cells by EFEE. Moreover, wound healing effect of EFEE (168.4μg/mL) was comparable to that of TGF-β1 (300 pg/mL) as a positive control. These results demonstrate that EFEE may be valuable therapeutic materials for the treatment of PGE2 level dependent diseases.

Morus Folium (Sang-yeop in Korean) is one of the most important Oriental medicinal plants. In Korea, both M. alba and M. cathayana are regarded as the botanical sources for Morus Folium. In order to discriminate M. alba and M. cathayana from their adulterant, M. tricuspidata, mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 7 (nad7) intron 2 region was targeted for molecular analysis with universal primers. DNA polymorphisms, including SNP sites, insertions, and deletions, were detected among these three species sequencing data. Based on these DNA polymorphisms, specific primers were designed for the three species respectively. Multiplex PCR was conducted for molecular authentication of M. alba, M. cathayana, and M. tricuspidata with specific primers. The present results indicate that it is possible to identify Morus Folium from its adulterant using mitochondrial nad7 intron 2 region. The established multiplex-PCR system was proved to be effective for identification of Morus Folium. The results indicate that mitochondrial introns can be used for inter-specific polymorphic study, and the described method can be applied for molecular identification of medicinal materials.

This experiment was carried out to obtain the cytotoxicity and antioxidative activity of Artemisiae Argi Folium. The total polyphenol contents in the ethyl acetate fraction of the ethanol extract and the methanol extract were 430.27mg/g and 427.84mg/g, respectively. In DPPH radical scavenging ability, SC50 values of the ethyl acetate fraction of the ethanol extract and the methanol extract were 32.64 μg/ml and 27.70 μg/ml as the same level of statistical with ascorbic acid. In the cytotoxicity measurement by MTT assay, the chloroform and hexane fraction, and each extract were exhibited higher cytotoxicity than the other fractions. In particular, the ethyl acetate fractions appeared high activity in DPPH radical scavenging ability were began to show cytotoxicity in 125 μg/ml. As a result, the ethyl acetate fraction of Artemisiae Argi Folium extract was the most highly active fraction in antioxidative activity. However, for the use of extracts and fractions from Artemisiae Argi Folium to related fields, the setting of appropriate concentration is required.

본 연구는 국내에 널리 분포되어 있는 감잎을 냉풍건조시켜 분말화하여 첨가한 냉면의 반죽과 숙면의 품질특성을 분석하였다. 수분결합능력은 무첨가구와 감잎 분말첨가구간의 차이는 없었으며, 아밀로그래프 상에서 호화개시온도와 최고점도 도달시간은 감잎분말 첨가량이 늘어날수록 증가하였고, 최고점도와 최종점도는 첨가량이 늘어날수록 감소하였다. 면의 조리적성에서 조리 후의 무게는 무첨가구가 가장 낮았으며 감잎분말 첨가량이 늘어날수록 증가하였고, 감잎분말 첨가량에

1. Panax ginseng의 재배년수에 따른 내부형태적 차이를 검토한 결과, 소엽신(小葉身)의 주맥부(主脈部), 소엽병(小葉柄), 엽병(葉柄)의 횡절면(橫切面)에 있어서 각각의 특징에 의하여 발육년수(年數)를 판단할 수가 있었다. (Tabel II) 2. 내부형태를 비교검토한 결과, 서울, 부산, 대구, 금산의 「인삼잎」은 원식물(原植物)이 Panax ginseng으로서 대부분이 5년 및 6년생이었으며 부분적으로 4년생이 함유되어 있었다.