Intervertebral disc disease is a medical condition in which the disc, a fibrocartilage substance, escapes in the spinal cavity and compresses the spinal cord and it often co-occurs with Chiari-like malformation. A 7-year-old Pomeranian dog was referred for a forelimb ataxia. Disc protrusion at C2 to C3, crowding of the caudal fossa and mild cerebellar herniation into the foramen magnum were confirmed through Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The patient was hospitalized for two weeks and received electroacupuncture along with other rehabilitation therapies. After 2 weeks of inpatient treatment, there was an improvement in the patient's clinical symptoms.

Intraosseous vascular malformation, a representative vascular disease, rarely occurs in the oral and maxillofacial region, especially the maxilla. An 18-year-old female patient was referred to our department with the chief complaint of a radio-opaque mass in the maxilla. A biopsy was attempted at a local dental hospital before visiting our hospital, but it was not completed due to severe intraoperative bleeding. The patient presented swelling and induration in the right maxillary region without pain, local heat, or fluctuation. According to radiographic and clinical examinations, intraosseous vascular malformation or a bone-forming tumor such as aggressive osteoblastoma was suspected. Therefore, an open biopsy of the lesion was performed under general anesthesia. Histopathological examination revealed that the lesion consisted of bony trabeculae with fibrous connective tissue and numerous vascular structures, and the lesion was diagnosed as intraosseous vascular malformation.

In this study, the potential toxicity of isoprocarb was demonstrated using zebrafish embryos. We treated isoprocarb (0, 29, and 58 mg/L) to the zebrafish embryos for 72 h then, we estimated morphological changes and apoptotic cell numbers. The increasing extent of apoptosis from the anterior to posterior region of developing zebrafish larvae was correlated with toxicity in the overall development process, including growth and normal organ formation. The appearance of abnormalities in the isoprocarb-treated groups in comparison to normal developing zebrafish larvae was verified using quantitative image analysis based on ImageJ software program. The vascular system comprising a complex interconnection of blood vessels was visualized in vessel-fluorescent transgenic zebrafish (fli1:eGFP). The main vasculature was malformed on isoprocarb treatment, and this was also related to cardiac defects. Taken together, normal embryonic development in zebrafish was interrupted owing to the acute toxicity of isoprocarb.

본 연구에서는 동맥스핀라벨링을 이용하는 비 조영증강 기법인 4D TRANCE으로 동정맥기형 환자를 진단함에 있어 기존에 사용하고 있는 4D TRAK과 조영증강 3D TOF으로 얻는 진단적 정보의 재현성과 유용성을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법 은 동정맥기형 추적검사를 하는 환자 14명을 대상(남자 4명, 여자 10명)으로 하여 뇌혈관 영상을 각각 4D TRANCE, 4D TRAK, 조영증강 3D TOF를 순서로 획득하였다. 영상의학과 전문의 2명이 3 영상의 진단적 평가와 영양동맥(feeding artery, FA)과 배출정맥(draining vein, DV)을 비교 평가하였고, 동일한 부위의 병소(nidus)와 내경동맥에 대한 대조도 잡음비를 비교 분석하였다. 정성평가는 4D TRANCE는 진단적 정확도 3.93(3.89~4.04), FA 3.75(3.55~3.95), DV 1.96(1.77~2.16) 으로 모든 구간에서 4D TRAK과 비교하여 통계적으로 유의하였으나(p＜0.001), 유일하게 DV에서 유의하지 않았다. 정량 분석에서는 4D TRANCE와 3D TOF의 대조도 잡음비에 따른 독립표본 T검정 결과, 조영증강되는 병소에서는 4D TRANCE가 3D TOF에 비해 15.50의 차이로 높았으며, 통계적으로 유의하였다. 본 연구는 동정맥기형 추적검사에 대해 4D TRANCE는 4D TRAK보다 다소 저하된 영상품질을 보여주었으나, 3D TOF와 비교했을 때 혈관 해부학 및 혈류역학 정보를 제공하기 때문에 더 신뢰할 수 있는 정보를 제공하여 임상 영상 평가에 유용하게 사용할 수 있다.

The vascular origin diseases occurring in the oral and maxillofacial region can be divided into hemangiomas and vascular malformation. They are rare and early lesions are not easy to diagnosis, so they may be misdiagnosed as clinicians, or the method and timing of treatment may be inappropriate. For 10 years, from August 2005 to August 2015, we analyzed the clinical records, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of 23 patients with hemangioma or vascular malformation confirmed by clinical, histopathological or radiological examination of maxillofacial lesions at department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Pusan National University Hospital and Pusan National University Dental Hospital. Chief complants of patients were mainly swelling, mass, and spot-like lesion on various intraoral sites. Treatments were performed with excision, embolization, sclerotherapy, depending on each lesions condition. Arteriovenous malformation cases were more frequently recurred than other lesions. Prognosis of lesions were relatively good but close observation should be needed.

A female English bulldog was gave birth two neonates by cesarean section on the sixty one days after mating, but both neonates were died soon after birth. The bodies of neonates were diagnosed using radiography, ultrasonography, computed tomography and necropsy immediately after death. Both neonates had caudal regression syndrome, butterfly vertebra, hydrocephalus, umbilical hernia, cleft palate and bow-legged hind-limb. At necropsy, neonates had mild fetal anasarca, cleft lip and the skull was remained non-union. At thoracic cavity, only three ribs and thoracic spines were existed and patent ductus arteriosus was found. At abnormal cavity, the renal ectopia was found with abnormal morphology. In the present case, those English bulldog neonates with multiple congenital malformation syndromes seriously suffered vertebral column anomalies and that may induced by neural tube defects in during embryonic period. To prevent congenital malformation occurring in English bulldog, further in depth studies are needed for the breed specific genetic diversity and for the reason of behind genetic abnormality in these breed.

저자들은 조영증강 복부 전산화단층촬영과 혈관조영술로 급성췌장염이 동반된 췌장의 동정맥 기형을 진단하였고 수술적 절제로 치료된 45세 남성의 예를 경험하였다. 췌장의 동정맥 기형은 매우 드문 질환이며 췌장염이 동반된 것은 더 드물다고 알려져 있다. 그러나 췌장의 동정맥 기형도 급성췌장염의 한가지 원인이 될 수 있음을 고려해야 한다.

췌장의 동정맥 기형은 주로 췌장의 두부에 생기는 매우 드문 질환으로 주 증상은 위장관 출혈이며, 치료는 일반적으로 침 범된 기관 또는 부위의 완전 절제이다. 저자들은 급작스런 복통으로 내원하여 췌장미부에 동정맥 기형이 진단된 64세 남자 환자의 임상소견과 수술적 치료경과를 보고하고자 한다. 췌장 컴퓨터단층촬영과 자기공명담췌관 조영술 상에서 췌장 미부에 다발성의 혈관생성을 동반한 동정맥 기형에 합당한 소견이 관찰되었으며 인접한 근위부 췌장에 낭성병변 동반소견이 보였다. 같은 시기에 시행한 상장간막동맥 혈관조영술 에서도 췌장미부에서 동맥영상 조기에 간문맥이 관찰되는 동정맥 기형 소견이 보였다. 치료는 복강경하 원위부 췌장 절제 및 비장 절제술을 시행하였으며, 조직검사에서 췌장 미부에 동정맥 기형에 합당한 소견과 근위부에 가성낭종의 소견이 보였다. 환자는 수술 후 1주만에 합병증 없이 퇴원하였다.

Hemangiomas are different from true vascular malformations in thei l‘ pathogenesis and cl inical prognosis. There are sti ll no standardized antibodies to distinguish hemangioma and vascular malformation apparently. We compared juvenile hemangioma and vascular malformation with immunohistochemjstry using va ri OllS antibodies, i.e. , ANG, bFGF, VEGF. EGFR, vWF. PCNA. p53. maspin, and TNF- . A very st rong positive expression of ANG and vWF was observed mainly in the vascular endothelial cells of juvenile hemangioma. VEGF s howed st rong positive reaction in the juveni le hemangioma, but p53 showed no positive reaction. Ancl a strong positive reaction of ANG was observed in the vascular endothelial walls of vascular malformation. p53 was frequently positive in the lining endothel ial cells in the vascular malformatJOn Using a ntiboclies such as VEG F'. ANG. vWF which a re related to the proliferation and matllrity of the vessel components. and p53 antibodies in order to confirm between juvenile hemangioma and vascular malformation would be helpful

The chloroacetanilide herbicide alachlor (2-chloro-2', 6'-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl)-acetanilide) and organochlorine insecticide endosulfan (6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 10-hexachloro-l, 5, 5a, 6, 9, 9a-hexahydro-6, 9-methano-2, 3, 4-benzodioxathiepin-3-oxide)are the h