본 연구는 연해자평에서 주장하는 육친 가운데 이견이 존재하는 財星과 官星의 문제점과 타당성을 밝히는 것을 목적으로 한다. 유학자인 진소암은 보 수적인 유교사회에서 자식이 부친을 극하는 財와 官의 배치는 효 윤리를 위 배하는 문제가 있다고 판단하고, 부모는 모두 인성으로, 자식은 남녀 모두 식 상에 배치해야 한다고 주장하여 재관의 배치에 혼란을 초래하였다. 이와 같이 중요한 財官이 혼동되면 운명을 판단하는데 오류가 발생하고, 명리의 신뢰가 손상될 수 있다. 이에 따라 재관의 배치에 대한 혼란을 막고, 하극상의 효 윤리적 문제를 해소하기 위해서는 합리적인 연구가 필요하나 아 직까지 부족하여 여전히 논란의 여지가 남아있다. 이를 위해, 본 논문은 성역할 관점에서 부친(재성)과 모친(인성)의 역할을 조명하고, 유전자 관점에서 자식(관)을 연구하였다. 이 과정에서 진소암의 육 친론에는 오류가 존재한다는 사실을 발견하였다. 그리고 그의 오류를 바로잡 고 논란이 되는 재관의 배치를 자연스럽게 수용하기 위해서는 육친은 위계적 인 관계가 아닌 서로 유기적인 관계를 맺으며 공존하는 관점이 필요함을 밝 혀냈다. 또한 자식으로서 관의 배치는 유전자가 전달되는 생물학적인 관점을 고려해야 한다는 결론을 얻었다. 주제어: 육친론, 성역할, 공존화, 진소암, 재관의 배치, 오행의 위계.

The hospitality, tourism, and travel (HTT) industry has a significant environmental impact due to its water, energy, and waste production. One of the main challenges faced by the HTT industry is the reduction of the negative environmental impact of hotel businesses. Recent studies have shown that consumers are willing to pay a premium for green hotels that adopt environmentally friendly practices to minimize their impact on the environment. While interest in these practices has been increasing, not all consumers are familiar with actual benefits of green hotels. Therefore, it is necessary to employ strategies to increase consumers’ awareness and encourage positive pre-purchasing decisions when selecting a green hotel.

아동기 외상은 발달 과정에서 심리적 그리고 생물학적 문제를 초래하고, 이 문제들이 사회인지 발달과 공변하여 이후 스트레스 대처에 장애물로 지속적으로 작용할 수 있다고 가정하였다. 이에 아동기 외상, 구체적으로 방임, 신체 학대 및 정서학대의 경험이 성인이 된 시점에서 지각하는 스트레스 수준에 영향을 미치는지, 그리고 그 과정에서 마음이론이 매개역할을 하는지 알아보았다. 이를 위해 대학생 155명을 대상으로 아동기 외상 및 지난 일주일 간 지각한 스트레스 수준을 측정하는 자기보고식 척도를 실시하였다. 사회인지 능력의 하나인 마음이론을 측정하는 질문 을 실시하고 필요한 경우 면담자가 힌트를 제공하는 구조화된 방식으로 측정하였다. 최종 151명을 대상으로 실시한 공변량구조분석을 통하여 마음이론의 완전매개 효과를 가정한 모형(모형 1)과 부분매개 효과를 가정한 모형(모형2)의 간명성과 부합도를 비교하였다. 완전 매개효과 모형을 보면, 마음이론이 스트레스 지각에 영향을 미치는 경로가 유의하였고, 아동기 방임이 마음이론에 영향을 미치는 경로가 유의하였다. 아동기 정서학대가 마음이론에 영향을 미치는 경로는 경향성만 나타내었고, 아동기 신체학대가 마음이론에 영향을 미치는 경로는 유의하지 않았다, 부분 매개 효과 모형을 보면, 아동기에 경험한 방임은 마음이론에 영향을 미치고, 이는 다시 스트레스 지각에 영향을 미쳤다. 아동기에 경험한 정서학대는 성인기의 스트레스 지각에 직접적으로 영향을 미쳤다. 상관분석 및 완전, 부분 매개 효과 모형에서 모두 아동기의 세 가지 유형의 외상 경험은 유의한 상호상관관계를 보였다. 모형의 간명성과 부합도를 비교한 결과에서는 최종적으로 부분 매개효과 모형이 채택되었다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 의의와 제한점, 후속 연구를 위한 제언을 논의하였다.

On the basis of the protection motivation theory (PMT) research model, this study employed perceived moral obligation as a determinant to improve predictions of people’s intention to engage in energy savings and carbon reduction behavior aimed at mitigating the threat of environmental climate change through their protection motivation. The sample comprised 930 participants who completed self-reported questionnaire surveys in Taiwan. The empirical results of structural equation modeling indicated that the extended PMT model was more explanatorily powerful than the original model. The results not only confirmed that people’s perceived moral obligation plays a crucial antecedent role in predicting their intention to engage in energy savings and carbon reduction behavior but also verified the mediation effects of protection motivation in the extended PMT model.

The Theory of Value Drivers, or Value Driver Theory (Wendee, 2011), is useful in understanding the value creation process in any enterprise. Innovation and strategy are important components in the value creation process. This research, which is based on Value Driver Theory, explored the role that innovation and strategy have in the value creation process and how they are employed in creating enterprise value. Value Driver Theory was discovered using two different, but compatible, research methodologies. The qualitative study used to discover Value Driver Theory explored the effect of business value drivers on the valuation of businesses in the United States and proposed a theory of value drivers. The Value Driver Theory study used two research methods – grounded theory and the Delphi method - to explore the effect of business value drivers on the valuation of businesses in the U.S. and to propose a theory of value drivers. In addition to a list of 72 individual value drivers, which includes innovation and strategy, the theory of value drivers presents a comprehensive value driver possibilities frontier and value driver chain, both of which are part of and are used to explain the theory of value drivers. The theory of value drivers is comprised of 28 propositions that work in concert with the possibilities frontier, the value driver chain, and other elements that are described in the paper. The Value Driver Theory paper differs from other studies as follows: First, the paper significantly extends the notions, ideas, and concepts from previous studies on value drivers. Second, the paper creates a comprehensive classification scheme for value drivers and has identified many more characteristics and properties of value drivers than previous studies. Third, the study identified 72 specific value drivers through the literature review and the Delphi study. Fourth, the paper consolidates the material from the literature review and the result of the research conducted through the Delphi and grounded theory studies and codifies it into the theory of value drivers. Subsequent to the publication of the paper on Value Driver Theory, new conceptual frameworks and tools have been developed to enhance the usefulness of Value Driver Theory in evaluating the enterprise value creation process. These conceptual frameworks and research tools were explored in the current study in general terms; and particularly as to how they relate to and enhance the use of innovation and strategy in the value creation process.

Construal Level Theory (CLT) has been explored and researched in many different contexts. In an academic setting, the areas of CLT in time (temporal distance), physical space (spatial distance), and interpersonal/social distance are frequently revisited for the implications they may and often do have. High-level construals are associated with abstract thinking, while low-level construals are associated with more concrete thinking (Trope & Liberman, 2010). In today’s media-saturated world, it is important to understand how the branded messages the world receives affect the cognition of society as a whole. This project aims to explore what role, if any, branding and/or product placement has in the cognitive and performance abilities for various tasks. This will be tested by utilizing branded products in a task-completion challenge and measuring through both task performance and collected survey data from participants. This project will focus on the construal levels of individuals and how the use of and/or the engagement with a socially proximal branded item will affect perceived spatial distance. A study from Van Kerckhove, Geuend, & Vermeir (2014) found that construal levels impact behaviors. The results of their 2014 published study showed that individuals with a high construal (i.e. they thought more abstractly) were linked to a strong inclination to look up, whereas when individuals had lower-level construals (i.e. thinking more concretely) they were more likely to have a behavior of looking down. This ties into their paper’s title quite nicely – “the floor is nearer than the sky” – in that looking down at what is perceivable and spatially proximal is less likely to be viewed as ambiguous or abstract.

This study examines consumers’ online activities according to the categories of goods and services, applying foraging theory, and explore online information structure perceived by consumers, determining the degree of information overload. Consumers are confronted by nearly unlimited amounts of information when they gather information to make purchase decisions in an online environment. Few studies have focused on the behavioral pattern of information acquisition to reduce information overload. The available studies are limited by particular conditions under a normative perspective (e.g., cognitive limitation with item specific information only and overemphasis on the quantity dimension of information structure). An improvement may be a holistic approach that allows freedom of information acquisition, and includes an ecological perspective, which emphasizes an interaction between minds and immediate environments (Todd & Gigerenzer, 2007). In other words, to provide a better explanation of information overload phenomenon, the research includes quantity information as well as quality and environmental information in the information structure. This has been overlooked in an information overload paradigm (for example, the question of whether more or less information is better) (Scheibehenne, Greifeneder, & Todd, 2010). Moreover, Xia and Monroe (2005) argued that the majority of research about information acquisition has overemphasized information searching while overlooking information browsing, although both activities occur concurrently during processes of information acquisition. The foraging theory (Stephen and Kreb, 1986), which originated from behavioral ecology, can help explain a continuum of browsing and searching behavior through utilizing the patch framework (Kim & Hantula, 2016). The patch framework provides a different perspective for information structure in terms of the amount of data as a combination of within-patch (searching) and between-patch (browsing), thereby covering the issue of the browse-search continuum to explain issues of amount for information overload. (e.g., Detlor, Sproule, & Gupta, 2003). The current study applied foraging theory into the online behavior of information acquisition and explored the information structure that consumers establish and consider in their process of information foraging across categories of goods and services (i.e., durables, nondurables, and services). This theoretical integration would proffer some clues for information structure to reduce information overloads through browsing and searching information online. The investigations consist of ordinary activities and purchase-related activities online, frequently purchased items and consideration to make purchase decisions, strategic information foraging patterns, and perceived decisional difficulty.

This study integrates the cognitive appraisal theory and script theory, highlighting the bridging role played by recollective memory. The relationships between visitors’ appraisals, emotions, recollection, storytelling and repurchase intention as they relate to the luxury cruise trip experience were assessed. We developed 14 theoretical hypotheses from a literature review. We then tested these hypotheses using data collected from 300 luxury cruise passengers. To the best of our knowledge this study is the first to incorporate the cognitive appraisal approach into script theory in a luxury tourism setting. Our work discloses that these two theories complement each other and recollection is the tie between them. This research reinforces the theoretical literature on cognitive appraisal and script theory. Moreover, the luxury cruise sector is under pressure due to fierce competition and as a result there is a need to acknowledge the crucial determinants of tourists’ emotional reactions. An understanding of tourists’ emotional experiences, and their antecedents and consequences will aid in the formulation of strategic marketing, segmentation, and communication efforts. The results of our study confirm that different emotional reactions can be elicited due to the power of four appraisal dimensions: appetitive goal congruence, certainty, novelty and agency. The findings not only enrich the cognitive appraisal framework and script theory literature but also provide guidance for managerial and marketing strategies of cruise industry practitioners.

The study aims to predict the behavior of tourists in Hadong County, which is registered as KIAHS. Based on the theory of planning behavior, we intend to verify the theory of planned behaviour, which adds descriptive parameters of the perceived value and prior knowledge of an agricultural heritage. In detail, first, the perceived value and prior knowledge of tourists about an agricultural heritage understand the influence of tourists’ Attitude. Second, we could see the role of the behavioral factors in the causal relationship of the planned behavioral theory. We have identified the planned behavioral theory that attitudes, subjective norms, and perceptual behavior controls affect the intention of the revisit. Hadong should remember that by sending and providing various information about Hadong Green Tea and World Agricultural Heritage sites, it is possible to elicit changes in visitor attitudes and revisit visits.

The purpose of the present study is to examine the characteristics of intermediary organizations for rural tourism by analyzing how they are run, especially in Yangpyeong-gun and Icheon-si Nadri groups, and to further look for the desirable role they should play. Since the activities of these intermediary groups have not been accumulated enough to be able to be used for a study, grounded theory was adopted as deemed appropriate among other qualitative research approaches for this paper. Three main findings of the current research are as follows. First, the rural tourism intermediary organizations have characteristics that are leaning towards local villages more than visitors, although they are in the middle of a spectrum stretching between 'visitors to the green villages' on one end and the 'green villages' on the other end. Second, the intermediary groups work not just as a bridge among different green villages but also as a mediator, facilitator and a guide, noting that such roles can vary significantly depending on the level of competence of the groups themselves and the extent to which the government steps in. Third, the tourism intermediary organizations can contribute to local community-building, going beyond the boundaries of green village. They help to improve the quality of tour experience which leads to revitalization of local economy, and during the course of operating the intermediary groups, the community in the village can set up rules and resolve disputes and conflicts. Thus, the activities of the groups have the potential to create a local community by affecting not just at a village level but to a broader area where their operation is based on. Implications of this study are suggested in three ways. First, the paper looked at the interaction between rural tourism intermediary organizations and stakeholder in a comprehensive way with a qualitative research approach taken. Second, it identified the role and tasks of rural tourism intermediary organizations. Third, it is important to ensure that the tourism intermediary organizations play the local community-oriented role.