본 연구는 세계교회협의회가 제시한 ‘정의, 평화, 창조질서 보전 (JPIC)’의 담론을 총체적 선교의 관점에서 재해석하고, 이를 한국 교회와 선교 현장에 적용할 수 있는 실천들을 제시한다. 이를 위해 WCC 제5차 나이로비 총회부터 JPIC 서울대회, 제10차 부산 총회에 이르는 JPIC 담론의 신학적 전개를 검토하고, JPIC가 요청하는 선교적 본질과 상관관계를 분석한다. 이를 살림의 선교, 회복의 선교, 치유와 화해의 선교라는 세 가지 실천 범주로 정리하여, 생명의 위기와 생태 문제, 관계 단절과 공동체 붕괴, 사회적 상처와 분열이라는 한국 사회의 현실에 대한 선교적 응답을 선교신학적 관점에서 문헌연구를 중심으로 고찰한다. 나아가 복음의 공공성 회복이라는 문제의식 속에 교회의 사회적 책임과 시민사회 참여, 공적 영역에서의 선교 가능성을 논의하고, 참여적 실천과 인식 전환, 한반도 평화와 통일을 향한 선교적 참여를 통전적 시각에서 제언한다. 결론에서는 JPIC 선교를 단기적 성과 중심의 전략이 아닌, 관계 회복과 공동체 형성, 지속가능한 생명 공동체를 지향하는 장기적 선교 패러다임으로 제안한다.

Lentic ecosystems, including lakes, reservoirs, and marshes, are vital ecological assets increasingly threatened by anthropogenic pressures, necessitating robust tools for assessing their biological integrity. This study aimed to develop and apply an aquatic plant-based Multi-metric Index (MMI) to evaluate the biological integrity of 90 lentic systems (primarily lakes and reservoirs) across the Republic of Korea, using a standardized dataset from a three-year national monitoring program (2022~2024). We selected eight metrics based on their ecological relevance, sensitivity to disturbance, and scientific robustness. These were organized into three categories: Species richness (30% weight), eutrophication and disturbance (30%), and habitat integrity (40%). Scoring criteria for each metric were established using cumulative distribution functions, and the final MMI scores were used to classify the ecosystems into five integrity classes (A: Excellent to E: Very Poor). The assessment revealed that the majority of the surveyed ecosystems (87.8%) were in a moderate to slightly poor state (Classes B, C, and D), with only 4.4% classified as excellent. Widespread loss of submerged and floating leaved aquatic plants suggests that many domestic lentic systems may be approaching or have already undergone a regime shift to a turbid, phytoplankton-dominated state. This MMI provides a scientifically-defensible tool for managing lentic ecosystems, underscoring the urgent need to restore aquatic plants communities by improving underwater light conditions and rehabilitating littoral habitats.

This study presents a modified version of the Lake Benthic Macroinvertebrate Multimetric Index (LBMMI) originally proposed by Park et al. (2024) in Korea. Among the six core metric elements of LBMMI, two elements-total number of taxa and the proportion of predator taxa-were excluded, as they were considered to be strongly influenced by vascular hydrohytes following eutrophication. The revised LBMMI was constructed using the remaining four metrics: Pielou’s evenness index, proportion of insect taxa, individual proportion of oligochaetes and chironomids with blood tubules, and proportion of clinger taxa. Compared to the original LBMMI, the modified index showed approximately a 6% improvement in explanatory power for the first principal component (PC 1) in principal component analysis of environmental factors, and it also exhibited a broader range of discrimination. These results suggest that the modified LBMMI can be more effectively utilized for environmental assessment of lake ecosystems.

Biological assessments of streams have been developed in many countries to evaluate ecological integrity. A multimetric index is one of the primary methods used for this purpose, incorporating chemical, physical, and biological variables of the environment. In Korea, the Benthic Macroinvertebrates Index (BMI) is currently applied in national biological monitoring programs; however, BMI reflects only organic pollution and does not account for other environmental variables in streams. This study aimed to develop a new multimetric index, the Benthic Macroinvertebrate-based Multimetric Index (BMMI), for assessing the ecological integrity of Korean streams. We analyzed data from 3,307 sites, including water quality information. Reference and disturbed streams were identified based on PC 1 scores with 7 environmental factors (Axis 1 of the PCA), genus levelbased taxa richness, and BMGI values used for trimming. From an initial set of 82 candidate metrics, six (genus level-based taxa richness, Shannon’s diversity index, percent of taxa in E.P.T., percent of individuals in collectorsgatherers, percent of individuals in clingers, BMGI based on saprobity) were selected through statistical analyses, including coefficient of variation and discriminant analysis. BMMI successfully distinguished between reference and disturbed streams and showed significant correlations with various environmental factors. These results indicate that BMMI is suitable for evaluating the ecological integrity of streams in Korea. Therefore, it is recommended that stream ecosystem assessments transition from BMI to BMMI in the future to provide a more comprehensive evaluation of stream integrity.

Current assessments of stream ecosystem health in Korea using benthic diatoms rely primarily on the Trophic Diatom Index (TDI), which is highly sensitive to phosphorus concentrations but has limited ability to capture complex environmental stressors such as organic pollution and physical habitat degradation. To address these limitations and enhance the ecological diagnostic capacity of diatom-based assessments, we developed a Korean-type multimetric diatom index, the Diatom Assessment Index (DAI). Using benthic diatom assemblage data and environmental variables collected from 3,029 sites nationwide between 2019 and 2021, we screened candidate metrics based on variability, redundancy, discriminatory power, and sensitivity analyses. Five metrics-TDI, proportion of motile diatoms, proportion of sensitive diatoms, proportion of saprophilous diatoms, and the [Achnanthes / (Achnanthes+Navicula)] ratio-were ultimately selected and integrated to calculate the DAI score. Applying the DAI to an independent dataset from 3,005 sites (2022~2024) demonstrated that the index exhibited a near-normal distribution across assessment classes, in contrast to the TDI, which tended to be skewed toward specific ranges. The DAI showed strong correlations not only with physicochemical parameters such as BOD and TP but also with physical habitat indicators, including flow velocity and the proportion of fine substrates. In addition, the DAI was significantly correlated with other biological indices, such as the Benthic Macroinvertebrate Index (BMI) and the Fish Assessment Index (FAI). These results indicate that the DAI provides a more comprehensive and ecologically meaningful measure of stream health in Korea and can serve as an effective tool for national aquatic ecosystem assessment and management.

본 연구는 배수지에서 저수조를 포함한 대수용가의 수도꼭지에 이르는 구간에서 탁도와 잔류염소 농도의 시간적⋅공간적 변화를 분석하였다. 모니터링은 배수지, 중블록 유입 지점, 대수용가 유입 지점, 저수조 유출 지점, 수도꼭지 등 5개 지점에서 수행되었으며, 유량, 잔류염소, 탁도, pH, 전기전도도, 온도를 측정하였다. 연구 결과, 수돗물 이동 경로를 따라 잔류염소 농도는 점차 감소하고 탁도는 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 특히, 비업무시간대에는 수돗물 정체로 인한 수질 저하가 확인되었다. 또한, 저수조의 건전성을 평가하기 위해 반응계수를 산출한 결과, 시간에 따른 저수조 내부 건전성 저하와 수질 악화 가능성이 확인되었다. 본 연구는 수돗물의 이동 거리, 사용 시간대, 유량 변화 및 공급 방식에 따라 수질이 달라질 수 있음을 보여주며, 저수조에 의존하는 지역에서는 안전한 수돗물 공급을 위해 지속적인 모니터링과 관리가 필요함을 시사한다.

본 연구에서는 방사선조사 유발 체적팽창(RIVE)이 원자력 발전소의 콘크리트 생체 차폐벽의 구조 건전성에 미치는 영향을 확인하 고자 하였다. 이를 위해 원자로 압력용기 감시 프로그램의 데이터를 사용하여 콘크리트 생체 차폐벽의 누적 중성자 조사 수준을 추정 하는 방법으로 원자로 압력용기(RPV) 내부 표면에서 차폐벽 외부까지의 누적 조사량의 감쇠를 계산하는 과정을 설명하고 콘크리트 의 방사선 조사 유발 체적팽창에 대한 모델을 제시하였다. 콘크리트 생체 차폐벽의 응력 상태는 온도의 영향을 받을 수 있기 때문에 방사선조사유발 체적팽창 효과와 더불어 운전 중 차폐벽의 온도 상승 효과도 고려하였다. 콘크리트 생체 차폐벽 구조에 대한 방사선 조사 유발 체적팽창과 온도의 영향을 평가한 결과, 차폐벽의 안쪽 표면 부근 영역의 압축 응력이 국부적으로 콘크리트의 압축 강도 한 계를 초과할 수 있으며, 외부 영역의 인장 응력은 균열을 유발할 가능성이 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 중성자 누적 조사량이 증가 하면 응력도 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 온도도 차폐벽의 응력 상태에 영향을 미치지만, 그 영향은 방사선조사 유발 체적팽창의 효과에 비해 그다지 크지 않았다. 향후 추가 연구를 통해 차폐구조물의 보다 현실적인 기하학적 구조, 중성자 조사량 분포, 그리고 차폐벽 내 부 보강 철근 요소 등을 포함하는 상세 모델을 바탕으로 콘크리트 생체 차폐벽에 설치되는 압력용기 지지 구조물 및 앵커 시스템에 대 한 영향 평가를 수행할 계획이다.

본 연구는 웰다잉프로그램이 장년기 여성의 자아통합감, 웰다잉 인식 및 태도, 주관적 안녕 감에 미치는 효과를 확인하고자 하였다. 연구대상자는 만 50세 이상 65세 미만의 장년기 여성으로 실험 군 25명 대조군 25명으로 최종 50명이 연구에 참여하였고 프로그램은 2022년 6월 30일부터 2022년 8 월 11일까지 11회기로 진행하였다. 연구방법은 비동등성 대조군 전후설계(Noneqivalent control group pre-posttest design)의 유사실험연구로 자료분석은 SPSS 23.0 프로그램을 이용하여 χ²-test, Fisher’s exact test, Independent t-test로 분석하였다. 연구결과, 웰다잉프로그램 실시 후 대조군보다 실험군에서 자아통합감(t=-6.36, p<.001)이 향상되었으며, 웰다잉 인식(t=-2.86, p<.001)이 증가하였고 웰다잉 태도 (t=-9.12, p<.001), 주관적 안녕감(t=-5.11, p<.001)에서 효과가 있었다. 웰다잉프로그램은 장년기 여성 들에게 자아통합감, 웰다잉 인식 및 태도, 주관적 안녕감에 효과가 있는 것으로 확인되어, 노년층뿐만 아니라 다양한 연령층에서 웰다잉프로그램의 개발 및 적용이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

The rapid urbanization and industrial growth have increased the demand in construction, maintenance, and infrastructure, leading to significant advancements in aerial work vehicle technology. This study focuses on the structural performance of ultra-high-strength steel plates of varying thicknesses used in telescopic booms, which is a critical component of aerial work vehicles. This study aims to address the cost issues associated with the previously used 5mm thick plates by evaluating the structural integrity of thinner plates. Using finite element analysis (FEA), the study analyzes stress and displacement for different thicknesses, specifically targeting the first boom segment, which bears the most load. The results indicate that while 3mm and 3.2mm thick plates are unsuitable due to buckling, the 4mm thick plate meets safety criteria with a safety factor of 2.51 and reduces costs by over 20%. By using 4mm thick ultra-high-strength steel for the first boom segment is cost-effective, providing structural integrity and an applicable solution for aerial work vehicle manufacturers.

Composite laminates are used in a wide range of applications including defense, automotive, aviation and aerospace, marine, wind energy, and recreational sporting goods. These composite beams still exhibit problems such as buckling, local deformations, and interlaminar delamination. To overcome these drawbacks, a novel viscoelastic autoclave bonding with tapered epoxy reinforcement polyurethane films is proposed. In existing laminates, compression face wrinkling and interlaminar delamination is caused in the sandwich beam. The unique viscoelastic autoclave spunbond interlayer bonding is designed to prevent face wrinkling and absorb and distribute stresses induced by external loads, thereby eliminating interlaminar delamination in the sandwich beam. Also, the existing special reinforcement causes stress concentrations, and the core is not effectively connected, which directly affects the stiffness of the beam. To address this, a novel tapered epoxy polyurethane reinforcement adhesive film is proposed, whose reinforcement thickness gradually tapers as it enters the core material. This minimizes stress concentrations at the interface, preventing excessive adhesive squeeze-out during the bonding process, and improves the stiffness of the beam. Results indicate the proposed model avoids the formation of micro cracks, interlaminar delamination, buckling, and local deformations, and effectively improves the stiffness of the beam.

본고는 ‘작품의 통합성’이 왕부지의 시학의 중심을 관통하는 중요한 이론으로 보고, 이를 시 창작의 과정을 따라가며 어떻게 적용되는지 검토하였다. 곧 시 쓰기 전의 창작 관념에서 神의 운용과 現量을 중시하며 ‘하나의 뜻’[一意]이 주도하도록 하였으 며, 실제 시를 쓰는 제작 과정에서는 전편과 통합된 투탈어를 강조하였고, 작품 완성 후 감상할 때는 ‘하얀 바탕의 빛나는 비단’으로 비유되는, 자연스러운 통합성을 이룬 작품을 이상으로 여겼다. 여기에서 現量은 詩想의 단계에서만 작용하는 것이 아니라, 구성의 전과정에 관여하였다. 情과 景도 작품의 통합성이란 관점에서 상호 의존적인 개념으로 정립되었다. 渾成과 平美의 미학도 작품의 통합성이 전제되어야 가능한 사 실도 확인되었다. 창작론, 작품론, 형태론을 연결시켜 왕부지의 시학을 재구축하려 시도했다는 점에서 학계에 일정한 기여를 하리라 본다.

Research ethics is a desirable way of conducting responsible research, which means maintaining the integrity and complying with ethical norms in a particular field of research. Research integrity means keeping the values and standards required by researchers in the research process. Despite educational institutions' efforts to improve research ethics, the judgment of research cheating is on the rise. In addition, there were unclear regulations related to self-plagiarism, duplicate publication, and the scope of research ethics. If you are a researcher of human research, planning and conducting ethical research is the first step for research integrity. Researchers need to understand protecting research subjects conducting research, and educational institutions should review and improve the current curriculum to provide research ethics education more effectively. Before strengthening legal sanctions on research cheating centered on results, the government should seek solutions through fundamental cause analysis to prevent researchers from committing research cheating. Given the current status of research ethics educational institutions and the progress of policies so far, we hope that if everyone tries at the individual, educational institution, and government levels, we will move in a more positive direction.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of ImmunoSEB as an immune-booster additive on the performance of broiler chicks. A total of 1150 broiler chickens were randomly allotted to three treatments on the basis of body weight (10 pens per treatment with 40 broilers in each pen): the control (CON), CON + ImmunoSEB 0.025% in feed (SEB25), and CON + ImmunoSEB 0.050% in feed (SEB50). The experiment was conducted for d 42 in three phases (phase 1, d 0–14; phase 2, d 15–28; and phase 3, d 29–42). There were significant differences in the average daily gain (ADG) and feed intake. The ADG at d 14 in the SEB50 treatment was greater than that in the CON treatment. The overall ADG in the SEB50 treatment was greater than that in the CON treatment. During d 0–14, the feed intake of chickens in the SEB50 treatment increased compared to that in the CON treatment. The crude protein and lysine digestibility improved in the SEB25 and SEB50 treatments compared to those in the CON treatment at d 28. Superoxide dismutase concentration significantly increased in the SEB50 treatment compared to that in the CON treatment. The interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α concentrations were higher in the cecum of chickens in the CON treatment than in the SEB25 and SEB50 treatments. A lower population of E. coli was detected in the ileum and cecum of broilers fed the SEB50 diet compared to those of broilers fed the CON diet. The overall result showed the beneficial effects of using ImmunoSEB at a dose of 0.050% in broiler chickens.

본 연구는 반부패·청렴의 개념화를 분류하고 측정하기에 앞서 관련 정책이 생성‧발생하고 작동하는 원리 자체로, 반부패·청렴의 개념화를 어떻게 인지하고 이를 활용하고 있는지를 탐색한다. 부연하면, 4가지의 반부패와 청렴의 언어철학적 분석을 통해 맥락을 파악하고(①동의어, 이의어(②구분형, ③범주형, ④인과형), 현 반부패‧청렴정책에서 파악한 맥락이 어떻게 전제되어 있는가를 살펴본다. 이를 통해, 반부패·청렴의 정책문제에서 의미문제와 제도수립의 문제로, 반부패·청렴의 개념화로 인한 상황으로부터의 단절, 개념화와 재량권의 발생, 기술의 서술적 한 계와 재량권, 의사소통의 가능성 문제, 이중 해석 및 번역의 문제 등으 로 인해 거래비용이 발생하는 점 등을 정책에 반영해 합리적이고 효율 적으로 성공적인 정책이 되도록 해야 함을 제안한다.

The effect of permanganate oxidation was investigated as water treatment strategy with a focus on comparing the reaction characteristics of NaOCl and sodium permanganate (NaMnO4) in algae (Monoraphidium sp., Micractinium inermum, Microcystis aeruginosa)-contained water. Flow cytometry explained that chlorine exposure easily damaged algae cells. Damaged algae cells release intracellular organic matter, which increases the concentration of organic matter in the water, which is higher than by NaMnO4. The oxidation reaction resulted in the release of toxin (microcystin-LR, MC-LR) in water, and the reaction of algal organic matter with NaOCl resulted in trihalomethanes (THMs) concentration increase. The oxidation results by NaMnO4 significantly improved the concentration reduction of THMs and MC-LR. Therefore, this study suggests that NaMnO4 is effective as a pre-oxidant for reducing algae damage and byproducts in water treatment process.

This study investigated the influence of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and progesterone on acrosome reaction and proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) composition boar sperm. The sperm were diluted with semen extender and incubated with NaHCO3 and progesterone at 38℃, 5% CO2 for 6 h. Plasma membrane integrity and acrosome reaction were analyzed using SYBR14/propidium iodide (PI) and FITC-PNA/PI doubling staining method, and proportion of PUFA was analyzed using gas chromatography. In results, Plasma membrane integrity was significantly decreased in 50 mM NaHCO3 group and acrosome reaction was significantly increased by over the 100 mM NaHCO3 group compared to control group (p < 0.05). In addition, progesterone significantly increased decreased plasma membrane integrity at 100 mM progesterone and acrosome reaction at over the 5.0 µM progesterone (p < 0.05), but there was no difference among the 5.0 to 100 µM groups. PUFAs were significantly decreased in 100 mM NaHCO3 and 50 µM progesterone treatments compared to control group. In summary NaHCO3 and progesterone induce acrosome reaction and reduce PUFA composition in boar sperm, therefore, the results maybe help to understand basically knowledge for the acrosome reaction and PUFA composition in boar sperm.

우리나라 전체인구 중 65세 이상 노인인구는 2030년에는 24.3%로 고 령사회(aged society)에 진입할 것으로 추계된다(서울대 노화고령사회연 구소, 2010). 이에 노인들이 주체적이고 의미있는 노후생활을 보람있게 보낼 수 있는 방안으로써 자원봉사활동에 관한 연구를 실시하였다. 노인 자원봉사활동에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 노인자원봉사 참여동기 및 자원봉사 활동만족도를 독립변수로, 자아통합감을 종속변수로, 사회적지 지와 노화불안을 매개변수로 설정하여 본 논문을 제시하였다.

In the present study, we examined the effect of straw size on spermatozoa motility, viability, acrosome integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential, and plasma membrane integrity after freezing-thawing. Hanwoo semen was collected from three bulls and diluted with an animal protein-free extender, divided into two groups, namely, 10 million spermatozoa in 0.25 mL and 20 million spermatozoa in 0.5 mL straw, and cryopreserved. In Experiment 1, the motility and motility parameters of the frozenthawed spermatozoa were evaluated. After freezing-thawing, the spermatozoa motility parameters fast progressive, straight line velocity, and average path velocity were compared between the 0.25 mL straw and 0.5 mL straw groups. They were 35.2 ± 1.0 and 32.3 ± 0.7%, 34.6 ± 0.7 and 31.8 ± 0.5 μm/s, 51.4 ± 1.3 and 47.1 ± 1.1 μm/s, 0.25 mL straw and 0.5 mL straw groups, respectively. In Experiment 2, the viability, acrosome membrane integrity, and mitochondrial membrane potential of the frozen-thawed spermatozoa were assessed. After freezing-thawing, the percentages of spermatozoa with live, intact acrosomes and high mitochondrial membrane potential were compared between the in 0.25 mL straw and 0.5 mL straw groups. They were 48.0 ± 2.6% and 35.6 ± 2.8% between the 0.25 mL straw and 0.5 mL straw groups. In Experiment 3, the plasma membrane integrity of frozen-thawed spermatozoa was compared. After freezingthawing, the plasma membrane integrity was higher for the in 0.25 mL straw group than the 0.5 mL straw group. They were 62.0 ± 2.2 and 54.1 ± 1.3% between the 0.25 mL straw and 0.5 mL straw groups. In conclusion, our results suggest that freezing semen in 0.25 mL straw improves the relative motility, viability, and acrosomal, mitochondrial membrane potential, and plasma membrane integrity of Hanwoo bull spermatozoa.