The Osmia cornifrons plays an important role in pollinating fruit trees, such as apple trees. To better understand diapause and oviposition in O. cornifrons, we investigated the correlation between the ovarian development and secretion level of OcVg protein in hemolymph. During ovarian development in wintering the number of oocytes progressively increased in comparison with the length of the ovaries and the oocytes. After emergence, the oocyte and ovary sizes developed until 6 days after emergence and declined after 6 days, but the number of oocytes decreased gradually. The secretion level of OcVg protein in hemolymph revealed that during wintering, the secretion level increased from 1 month to 2 months and then stagnated after 2 months. After diapause, the secretion level increased gradually until day 6 of the newly emerged adult from cocoon stage, and thereafter gradually declined, remaining detectable until day 30 of the adult stage. The correction analysis between ovarian development and OcVg secretion level in hemolymph found that in wintering, the number of oocytes was positively correlated to OcVg secretion level. After diapause, the ovary and first oocyte lengths and the number of oocytes showed significant changes in OcVg secretion level and positively correlated with OcVg secretion level, respectively. These results suggest that there is a significant interaction between ovarian development and the secretion level of OcVg protein and the pattern of ovarian development and secretion of OcVg protein are stage-specific in the O. cornifrons female.

The ovarian development and oviposition response of two vector beetles of pine wood nematode, Monochamus alternatus and M. saltuarius, was investigated. The ovary structure of two beetles was investigated by means of light microscopy. The ovary of both beetles was composed of two ovaries that are connected by a common oviduct. Each of the two ovaries was consisted of twelve ovarioles, the functional units of female oogenesis. The ovary type was meroistic telotrophic with nurse cells and oocytes in the tropharium. Ovarian development of two vector beetles was completed at 12-14 days after maturation-feeding pine twigs. Aspect of accumulation of vitellogenins in the ovary of two vectors showed difference in developmental stages and major yolk proteins, differently from vitellogenin. To investigate oviposition performance of two vector beetles, we provided P. thunbergii and P. koraiensis bolts for egg laying and collected emerged adults from each pine bolts in the next year. M. saltuarius females made more oviposition wounds and entrance hole of larvae than M. alternatus on pine bolts. We also investigated whether two beetles can transmission of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and the European type of B. mucronatus via oviposition to noninfected dead pines. 48-83% from newly emerged adults of two beetles were carried two species nematode. This results suggested that two species beetles can transmit nematodes through oviposition performance and transmitted nematodes successfully propagate in non-infected dead pines.

본 연구는 한우 난소의 난포 발달에 있어서 bFF 또는 anti-inhibin serum(AI)의 생리적 역할을 검토하기 위해 수행하였다. Saline(0.95%, control), bFF 또는 AI를 경정맥 주사 처리한 9마리의 한우 암소에서 채혈하여 혈중 estradiol-17(E2), inhibin 및 progesterone(P4) 농도를 분석하였으며, 이들 처리에 의한 난포의 발달은 초음파 진단기를 이용하여 관찰하였다. 본 연구에서 얻어진 결과는

톱다리개미허리노린재의 집합페로몬을 이용하여 경남지방의 대학교 캠퍼스와 콩포장에서 톱다리개미허리노린재의 연중 발생소장과 난소발육을 조사하였다. 대학 캠퍼스에서 들다리개미허리노린재는 년간 3세대를 경과하는 것으로 추정되었다. 제1세대 성충은 7월 상순8월 상순까지, 제2세대 성충은 8월 중순9월 하순까지 발생하였다. 제3세대 성충은 10월 상순11월 중순에 발생하는데 난소내에 난이 없는 상태로 성충휴면에 들어가 이듬해 3월 하순부터 활동을 재개하였다. 월동 후 암컷성충의 난소에서 성숙란이 처음으로 관찰되는 시기는 5월 전반기였다. 콩포장(5월 23일 파종)에서는 8월 상순9월 중순, 10월 중순11월 중순의 2회의 뚜렷한 유살시기가 있었다. 이 두 시기는 대학 캠퍼스에서의 제2, 3세대의 유살시기에 해당하는 것으로 생각되었다.

Contemporary systems for in vitro culture of ovarian follicles do not recapitulate the mechanical heterogeneity in mammalian ovary. Here we report microfluidic generation of biomimetic ovarian microtissue for miniaturized three-dimensional (3D) culture of early secondary preantral follicles by using alginate (harder) and collagen (softer) to fabricate the ovarian cortical and medullary tissues, respectively. This biomimetic configuration greatly facilitates follicle development to antral stage. Moreover, it enables in vitro ovulation of cumulus-oocyte complex (COC) from the antral follicles in the absence of luteinizing hormone (LH) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) that are well accepted to be responsible for ovulation in contemporary literature. These data reveal the crucial role of mechanical heterogeneity in the mammalian ovary in regulating follicle development and ovulation. The biomimetic ovarian microtissue and the microfluidic technology developed in this study are valuable for improving in vitro culture of follicles to preserve fertility and for understanding the mechanism of follicle development and ovulation to facilitate the search of cures to infertility due to ovarian disorders.

양식산 농어, Lateolabrax japonius 암컷의 난소와 혈액을 1997년부터 1999년까지 매년 10월부터 2월까지 2회 반복 채취하였다. Gonadosomatic index는 11월부터 증가하기 시작하여 12월(12.81.5)과 1월(14.83.5)에 최고 수준을 나타낸 후 2월(2.61.5)에는 급격히 감소하였다(P<0.05). 난소내 난모세포는 12월과 1월에 3차 난황구기까지 발달하고 성장이 완료되지만, 성숙 및 배란이 되지 않고 2월