This study was conducted to identify the effect of shading and pinching on growth and acanthoside-D content of Acanthopanax divaricatus var. albeofructus and A. koreanum Nakai. Different pinching heights showed no significant differences in terms of plant growth and acanthoside-D content but higher values showed that pinching A. divaricatus at 60 cm and A. koreanum at 30 cm favored good growth and higher fresh weight in the shoots. The content of acanthoside-D was not significantly affected by pinching heights. Also, no significant difference in acanthoside-D content was found between the lower and upper part of plant in the first year. However it was much higher in the lower part than the upper part in the second year, which indicated that the content of acanthoside-D was comparatively high in the lower part where lignification is much advanced. Shading showed benefits in terms of growth of A. divaricatus while only 50%-shading was favorable for A. koreanum to achieve superior growth. Overall, results indicated that shading had favorably affected the growth of the 2 Acanthopanax species while no-shading is better if we opt to achieve higher acathoside D content.

This study was conducted to enhance the propagation of Acanthopanax divaricatus and Acanthopanax koreanum through different cutting practices. For propagation by cuttings, scions were taken on September 1. This already has hard skin and showed much higher values in terms of root length, root number, rooting ratio and root weight than those taken on June 30 and August 1. Regardless of cutting date, 50% shading resulted to the highest root length, root number, root ratio and root weight. Meanwhile, 95% shading significantly reduced these parameters compared with no shading. These results suggest that over-shading may inhibit root growth. Two growth regulators, IBA (concentration of 1,000, 2,000, 3,000 ppm) and Rootone-F (0.4%) were also tested of its effect to the cuttings. Rootone-F was found to be more effective than IBA. Cutting treated with Rootone-F had slightly higher root length and root number. A. koreanum which grows well in hot climatic condition showed better rooting ability than A. divaricatus.

The content of luteolin in the different parts of Lithospermum erythrorhizon was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Luteolin was quantified by a reverse-phase column with gradient solvent program (water : ACN = 90 : 10 to 77 : 23 for 60 min). UV detection was conducted at 330 nm. The content of luteolin was measured in the seeds (0.28 mg/g), stems (0.30 mg/g), and roots (0.16 mg/g) of L. erythrorhizon. The presence of luteolin in Lithospermum species is important in agricultural crop production for increasing the amounts of clinically available medicine and health supplements.

This research conducted a vegetation survey on Mt. Changbai which are habitats of Papaver radicatum var. pseudoradicatum to obtain a basic data for artificial cultivation. The habitas of P. radicatum var. pseudoradicatum consisted of two communities as Dryas octopetala var. asiatica community and Aconogonon ajanense community. The community units as D. octopetala var. asiatica community and A. ajanense community belong to alpine vegetation in Mt. Changbai. A. ajanense community is distributed around altitude of 2007-2061m, and D. octopetala var. asiatica community is distributed altitude of 2350-2570m at relatively high elevation. According to the correlation between the vegetation structure and elevation. This vegetation structure can be simplified at the herb layer. The vegetation is classified into D. octopetala var. asiatica community and A. ajanense community on the axis 1 basis in the BC ordination analysis. Further, there appeared higher plant life totalling to 40 taxa comprising 35 species, 4 varieties and 1 forma with 20 families and 34 genuses at the whole survey area. Among these, Cyperaceae and Ericaceae plants excellent in resistance to environment was surveyed the most, accounting for 16%.

This study aims to understand the degree of inequality of surveyed amenity resources and identify which resource and region have the highest concentration by estimating Lorenz Curve and the Gini's Coefficient. The Lorenz Curve and Gini's Coefficient derived from economics are introduced as tools for investigating and quantifying regional variability of amenity resources concentration. This study describes the concepts underlying the application of the Gini's coefficient to measure the concentration of amenity resources in 11 regions, Chungbuk Province, Korea. The Lorenz Curve presents a graphical view of the cumulative distribution of amenity resources and the Gini's Coefficient provides a single-parameter measure of the distributional concentration of amenity resources. Also the Gini's Coefficient is compared to the number of amenity resource for understanding distributional difference between concentration and quantitative distribution of amenity resources. The results demonstrate significantly different regional variation according to the amenity variables: almost intact nature, interaction between nature and man, man-made.

Land cover and land use change data are important in many studies including climate change and hydrological studies. Although the various theories and models have been developed, it is difficult to identify the driving factors of the land use change because land use change is related to policy options and natural and socio-economic conditions. This study is to attempt to simulate the land cover change using the CLUE model based on a statistical analysis of land-use change. CLUE model has dynamic modeling tools from the competition among land use change in between driving force and land use, so that this model depends on statistical relations between land use change and driving factors. In this study, Yongin, Icheon and Anseong were selected for the study areas, and binary logistic regression and factor analysis were performed verifying with ROC curve. Land cover probability map was also prepared to compare with the land cover data and higher probability areas are well matched with the present land cover demonstrating CLUE model applicability.

Farmland spatial data are needed as a basic information in conducting rational use of farmlands in regional scale. This study develops a method that can be used to make up such farmland spatial data in a simple way and to develop a technique to manage them in a unitary way, and examines the effectiveness of the technique by applying it to the case area. A method that Web-Service Raster Image and Digital Cadastal Map can be utilized as a base map was devised. It was designed applying the vector system, in which one lot of farmland is area unit. Raster image and field survey data were combined to increase the accuracy of data. The lot boundaries of the existing boundary map were adjusted to the shapes of actual farmlands using GIS edition function. A proper farmland use classification system to the area characteristics was established and data obtained from the field survey were coded. Usually it is very difficult to identify the size of one lot of actual farmland in the existing space data, based on the results of the case study, the result map showed actual topography very realistically. Also the frequently occurring lot divisions and the serious topographical modifications by natural disasters frequently have made it impossible to survey farmlands on the catastral map in the field. But the final map had a great usefulness in that it may solve such problems by expressing the filed survey results graphically.

The aim of this paper is to investigate the applicability of high spatial resolution remote sensing images for conducting the rural amenity resources survey. There are a large number of rural amenity resources and field reconnaissance without a sufficient preliminary survey involves a big amount of cost and time even if the data quality cannot always be satisfied with the advanced study. Therefore, a new approach should be considered like the state-of-the-art remote sensing technology to support field survey of rural amenity resources as well as to identify the spatial attributes including the geographical location, pathway, area, and shape. Generally high-resolution satellite or aerial photo images are too expensive to cover a large area and not free of meteorological conditions, but recently rapidly-advanced internet-based image services, such as Google Earth, Microsoft Bing maps, Bluebirds, Daum maps, and so on, are expected to overcome the handicaps. The review of the different services shows that Google Earth would be the most feasible alternative for the survey of rural amenity resources in that it provides powerful tools to build spatial features and the attributes and the data format is completely compatible with other GIS(Geographic information system) software. Hence, this study tried to apply the Google Earth service to interpret the amenity resources and proposed the reformed work process conjugating the internet-based high-resolution images like satellite and aerial photo data.

The chemical composition of essential oil from the perennial herbaceous plants (Houttuynia cordata, Filipendula glaberrima, Peucedanum japonicum, and Ainsliaea acerifolia) was determined by GC/MS spectrometric analysis with the aid of NBS, Wiley Library and RI indice searches. The major constituents identified were α-phellandrene (18.97%), γ-terpinene (12.32%), decanal (8.72%), 1-decanol (10.92%), decanoic acid (12.12%), and 2-undecanone (12.32%) from H. cordata, farnesol (2.83%), l-α-terpineol (2.72%), benzenmethanol (2.03%), (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol (4.32%), and T-muurolol (2.07%) from F. glaberrima, α-phellandrene (14.25%), endobornyl acetate (3.84%), heptanal (47.52%), octanal (2.65%), (E,E)-2,4-decadienal (2.75%), and octanoic acid (4.52%) from P. japonicum, and geyrene (9.74%), β-cubebene (11.15%), berkheyaradulen (22.32%), β-elemene (6.21%), (-)-A-selinene (4.85%), benzaldehyde (4.52%), and benzenacetaldehyde (3.40%) from A. acerifolia.

The aim of this study is to analyze the green-tourism centrality considering spatial interaction using Gravity Model and social network method. The degree centrality and prestige centrality were applied as green-tourism centrality index. The rural amenity resources and human resources were counted as attraction factors, and a distance among villages was used as friction factor in gravity model. The weights of rural tourism amenity resources were calculated using the analytic hierarchy process(AHP) method and applied to evaluate green-tourism potentiality. The distance was measured with the shortest path among villages using geographic information system(GIS) network analysis. The spatial interaction from gravity model were employed as link weights between nodal points; a pair villages. Using the spatial interaction, the degree-centrality and prestige-centrality indices were calculated by social network analysis and demonstrated possibility of developing integrated green-tourism region centered on high centrality villages.

자생 상록활엽수의 부위별 재료에서 추출한 주요 정유성분으로 광나무의 꽃에는 hotrienol(9.21%), 돈나무의 잎에는 undecane(32.12%), 붓순나무의 잎에는 1,8-cineole(45.32%), 새덕이나무의 잎에는 γ-terpinene(15.62%), 생달나무의 잎에는 1,8-cineole(14.66%), 차나무의 잎에는 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran(54.51%), 황칠나무의 잎에는 γ-elemene(18.59%) 등의 성분함량이 특히 높음을 알 수 있었다.

한국특산 섬오갈피나무 및 지리산오갈피나무의 잎과 줄기에서 추출한 주요 정유성분으로, 섬오갈피나무의 경우에는 δ-3-carene (31.34%), l-limonene (17.01%), β-elemene (4.53%), trans-p-menth-2-ene-1,8-diol (3.13%), 1,8-cineole (4.73%), 1-dodecen-3-yne (2.64%), (Z)-3,7-dimethyl-1,3,6-octatriene (3.21%), 지리산오갈피나무의 경우에는 delta-3-carene (14.78%), limonene (7.24%), t-ocimene (7.22%), α-terpinolene (8.76%), gamma-elemene (4.32%), β-selinene (7.72%), veridifloral (3.25%), dodecane (2.44%) 등의 성분함량이 높음을 알 수 있었다. 특히 δ-3-carene는 섬오갈피나무 및 지리산오갈피나무에서 가장 높은 함량을 나타내었다.

최근에 경제 발전과 인식의 변화에 따라 국내외적으로 직업병에 관련된 많은 연구가 진행되고 있으며, 그에 따라 상당한 성과도 발생되고 있다. 하지만, 선원들의 열악한 근무환경에 비해 승선근무에 따라 발생하는 직업 관련성 상병에 대해서는 체계적인 연구가 이루어지지 못하고 있으며, 사후(事後) 처리적인 보상에 관련된 연구들만 이루어지고 있는 것이 현실이다. 그래서 이 연구에서는 선원의 직업성 관련 상병에 대한 기초 조사를 근거로 하여 그에 대한 관련 법령 및 제도를 검토하였다. 그리고 선원의 상병 예방과 발병 후 신속하고 적절한 지원을 하기 위한 법적 개선점을 제안하고자 한다.