Purpose: Recently, The need for ultraviolet blocking contact lenses has increased. this study investigated the recognition of ultraviolet blocking contact lenses for domestic hydrogel contact lens wearers. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted on 257 adults who were wearing domestic hydrogel contact lenses and results were analyzed by frequency analysis and crossover analysis using SPSS 23.0. Results: The result of recognition of ultraviolet blocking contact lenses 77.4% (199 persons) of respondents who did not know it and 22.6% (58 persons) who know it was investigated. the result of the importance of contact lenses ultraviolet blocking was very important 16.7% (43 persons), important 40.9% (105 persons), usually 27.6% (71 persons), not important 12.5% (32 persons), not very important 2.3% (6 persons). the result of a method for protecting the eyes from ultraviolet rays was sunglasses 52.5% (135 persons), don't do anything 42.4% (109 persons), ultraviolet blocking eyeglasses 3.1% (8 persons), ultraviolet blocking contact lenses 1.9% (5 persons). result of the contact lens product manual confirmation was 82.5% (212 persons) of respondents who did not confirm were the highest respondents and 17.5% (45 persons) of respondents who confirm. Conclusions: Most of the respondents were very unaware of ultraviolet blocking contact lenses. the rate of wearing ultraviolet blocking contact lenses for protecting the eyes from ultraviolet rays was also low and many respondents did not check contact lens product manuals.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to polymerize high wettability contact lenses using pyrrolidone group. Methods: Amino substituted methacrylate, MMA (Methyl methacrylate), MAA (Methacrylic acid) and HPMA (Hydroxypropyl methacrylate) were polymerized in proportions and pyrrolidone group was added for surface modification. Results: As a result, the contact angle was measured in the range of 48.72 ~ 65.32°, and the contact angle decreased as the amount of pyrrolidone group was increased. Conclusions: Pyrrolidone group could be used as a material for improving the wettability of contact lens surface.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Carboxylated SWNT (Carbon nanotube, single-walled) on the physical properties of contact lenses. Methods: One of the samples that were used in the experiment contained HEMA, MMA, NVP, and EGDMA as the basic combination, and was referred to as the reference sample. The samples consisting of 0.09% carboxylated SWNT added to the reference sample were referred to as the Ref.Cn samples. The physical characteristics of contact lens were evaluated by measuring water content, refractive index and tensile strength. Results: The water content of the prepared contact lens was measured as 38.54 ~ 39.94%, and the refractive index was measured as 1.4328 ~ 1.4330. The tensile strength of contact lenses with carboxylated SWNT were measured at 0.3177 to 0.3333 kfg. Conclusions: Carboxylated SWNT showed no significant change in water content and refractive index but showed a significant increase in tensile strength.

Purpose: This study investigated the effect of DPDMS on the oxygen permeability of contact lenses. Methods: The functional silicone monomers MPDMS [poly (dimethylsiloxane) methacrylate modified] were used and the hydrophilic monomers amino substituted methacrylate and HEMA (2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate) were polymerized in proportions. Results: Oxgen transmissibility was measured in the range of 8.158 to 20.389 x 10-9 (cm/sec)( mlO2/ml x mmHg), and the oxygen permeability was measured in the range of 37.511 to 75.691 x 10-11(cm2/sec)(mlO2/ml x mmHg). As the addition ratio of MPDMS increased, the oxygen permeability increased. Conclusions: MPDMS is considered to be useful as a highly oxygen permeable contact lens material.

Purpose: This study was to analyze refractive error and corneal curvature radius in childhood myopia. Methods: The average age of 9.92 ± 1.08 years Children 50 people(24 males and 26 females) were evaluated for refractive error with an automatic refractometer, Pentacam was used to measure the corneal curvature radius. Results: The mean total spherical diopter was -2.43 ± 1.39D and astigmatism diopter was -0.75 ± 0.66D, horizontal radius of curvature was 7.88 ± 0.23mm, vertical radius of curvature was 7.67 ± 0.23mm, corneal astigmatism -1.18 ± 0.56D, diameter was 11.75 ± 0.47mm, eccentricity was 0.55 ± 0.10. There was no significant difference spherical diopter(t=-0.357, p=0.722), corneal astigmatism (t=1.410, p=0.162), eccentricity(t=0.627, p=0.532) in male and female, astigmatic diopter(t=2.097, p=0.039), horizontal radius of curvature(t=2.397, p=0.018), vertical radius of curvature(t=2.685, p=0.009), diameter(t=2.157, p=0.033) were significantly different. There was no significant difference spherical diopter(t=-0.952, p=0.343), astigmatism diopter(t=1.260, p=0.211), horizontal radius of curvature (t=-0.596, p=0.553) vertical radius of curvature(t=-0.495, p=0.621), corneal astigmatism(t=0.662, p=0.509), diameter (t=-0.411, p=0.682), eccentricity (t=0.080, p=0.937) between in male and female. Conclusions: Male and female were significant different astigmatism diopter, horizontal radius of curvature, vertical radius of curvature, diameter in childhood myopia. There was no significant difference between right eye and left eye.

Background: Rasch analysis has the advantage of placing both the items and the person along a single ratio scale and calibrates person ability and item difficulty onto an interval scale by logits. Therefore, Rasch analysis has been recommended as a better method for evaluating functional outcome questionnaires than traditional analyses. Objects: The aim of current study was to investigate item fit, item difficulty, rating scale, and separation index of the Korean version of the Fullerton Advanced Balance (KFAB) scale using Rasch analysis. Methods: In total, 93 patients with stroke (male=58, female=35) participated in this study. To investigate the item fit, difficulty, rating scale, and separation index of the KFAB scale, Rasch analysis was completed by the Winsteps software program. Results: In this study, all items of the KFAB scale were included in the Rasch model. The most difficult item was ‘standing with feet together and eyes closed’, and the easiest item was ‘two-footed jump’. The rating scale was a 4-point scale instead of the original 5-point scale. Person and item separation indices showed high values that can identify a person with a wide range of balance ability. Conclusion: The KFAB scale appears to be a reliable and valid tool to assess balance function in patients with stroke. Furthermore, the scale was found to discriminate among stroke patients of varying balance abilities.