This study examines the development and management of the Herb Island in Japan, and explores influences of the herb garden on a rural community. The result suggested that the development of a herb garden can make a major impact on a rural community's econmoic stability and growth, and low-input cultivation of herbs serves to the ecosystem and soil conservation. In order to foster the herb industry in Korea, three aspcets should be considered. These are as follows. 1. Selection of suitable kinds of herbs and sites for Korean natural environment,and planning for proper landuse should be carried out first. 2. Proper policies for a herb garden to help local economy should be established. 3. Development of programs and experts on environmental education should be included in planning herb gardens in order to contribute to natural environment preservation.

The purpose of this study is to present the direction for scheme cultural rural village. For this purpose, to begin with, the major elements which can be applied to the theory were extracted by the study on the scheme of rural village, and the process and the outcome for renovation of rural village were presented by design proposal for the rural village in the exhibition space of yoonghari in Chungwon-kun, Chungchengpukdo. The study on the scheme of rural village is focused on the spatial organization, the futilities allocation, and the major contents of the case study are as follow : (1) To investigate the constrains and the opportunities of site development by the analysis and the synthesis of the site condition for the case study, (2) To study on the planning theory which can be applied to the site, (3) To establish the planning directions which can be introduced into the site and to choose the rmn model by the comparison and valuation of them, (4) To set up the Master Plan on the basis of the final model In spite of the fact that the method and the contents have a lot of problems, the significance of this study is to present a possibility to renovate the rural village these days, moreover to grope for the opportunities to propagate it

The transportations of most of cargoes in world trade have been fulfilled through sea lanes and it seems this trend will not change in near future. Nowadays, inview of the technical aspects of merchant vessels, they are continuously enlarged in hull size and greatly specialized in structure for the cargo spaces and dramatically automatized in navigating, piloting, cargo operating and various other operations, which unavoidably require high technicals in operating the modern merchant vessels. On the contrary to the trend of requiring of operating high technicals, the capabilities of crew on board have been gradually declining in technical competence and their morale for accomplishing their duties on board vessels has greatly falled won compared with that of old days. The above result inevitably brings many problems in operating modern vessels and causes accidents which are avoidable through good competence and high morale of the crew. We intend to analyze the causes of several great sea accident with which it seems some human errors are connected more or less directly or indirectly. We hope that this study could suggest some measures which help to prevent the recurrence of similar accidents by Korean ship's crews.