PURPOSES: Regional offices of the Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs use a computerized system called KAMIS so as to manage road equipment systematically. Road agencies can record number of operating days by equipment, actual working hours, accumulated operating hours (or distance) by equipment, and operating cost. However, KAMIS does not provide critical information, although it is strongly related to efficient road management equipment operation. In other words, road agencies do not know whether they have sufficient equipment to handle their actual work. METHODS: Therefore, this study suggests a methodology to evaluate for operational efficiency of road management equipment using analytical hierarchy process(AHP). First of all, estimated weights related criteria can be produced by AHP, and then use operational history by pieces of equipment. RESULTS: Results show that importance of management work can differ from weather conditions through five areas. CONCLUSIONS: Commonly, this results can imply to help save money for the purchase and maintenance of road management equipment, and they would improve the functional performance of KAMIS.

본 연구에서 7,7'-(2,2'dimethoxy-1,1'-binaphthyl-3,3'-diyl) bis(4-(thiophen-2-yl) benzo[e] [1,2,5] thiadiazole (TBT) 라는 binaphthyl기를 기반으로 가지는 녹색 도판트 물질을 합성하였다. 추가적으로 인광 발광 물질인 iridium(III)bis[(4,6-di-fluoropheny)-pyridinato -N,C2]picolinate (FIrpic)을 홀 수송용 호스트 물질인 N,N'-dicarbazolyl-3,5-benzene (mCP)에 도핑하고, TBT와 bis(2-phenylquinolinato)-acetylacetonate iridium(III) (Ir(pq)2acac)를 전자 수송용 호스트 물질인 1,3,5-tris(N-phenylbenzimidazole-2-yl)benzene (TPBi)에 도핑하여 백색 빛을 발광하는 white organic light emitting diode (OLED)를 제작하였다. TBT를 사용하여 제작한 white OLED의 최대발광 효율과 외부 양자 효율은 각각 5.94 cd/A 과 3.23%를 나타냄을 알 수 있었다. Commission Internationale de I'Eclairage (CIE) 색 좌표의 값은 1000 nit에서 (0.34, 0.36)을 띄면서 순백색을 구현함을 확인하였다.

Particle collection efficiency and air cleaning capacity were tested for the two-stage electrostatic precipitator for use in indoor air cleaning systems. A wire-plate type ionizer was used as a particle charger and a dielectric film consisted of polypropylene (or polyethylene) coated metals and zigzagged metal electrodes was used as a particle collector in the electrostatic precipitator. Both particle collection efficiency and air cleaning capacity increased as increasing the applied voltage on the charger and the collector, and furthermore, as increasing the collector film width (i.e. collection area). Air cleaning capacities estimated by the product of particle collection efficiency and air flow rate were quite well consistent with the experimental ones with a proportional constant of 0.964. Ozone concentrations emitted from the charger at the applied voltages of 5.0 and 5.2 kV were less than 0.05 ppm, indoor ozone standards of UL 867-2002, KS C 9314 and SPS-KACA002-132. For the air flow rate of 11.7 m³/min, the applied floor area of 48.2 m² could be obtained when 5.2 kV and 6.0 kV were applied on the ionizer and the collector, respectively and the collector of two 15 mm polyethylene dielectric films was used.

The objective of this study was to investigate the comparison of transferable embryos and pregnancy rate between Hanwoo and Chickso. The results obtained were as follows: No differences were observed in the efficiency of superovulation rates on Hanwoo 78%, and Chickso 85%, respectively. The mean number of total embryos are each 14.76± 2.16 and 6.23±1.07. So the mean number of transferable embryos are each 10.94±1.91 and 4.58±1.05. In addition, the mean number of total Hanwoo embryo from <10 and 10≤ of corpora luteum was 0.50±0.50, 11.56±1.92, respectively. In case of Chickso, The mean number of transferable embryo from <10 and 10≤ of CL was 2.75±1.39, 6.00±1.00, respectively. The pregnancy rates were Hanwoo 40%, and Chickso 37% following transfer of fresh embryos produced in vivo. Also, the pregnancy rates of Chickso 60% were significantly greater (p<0.05) than the Hanwoo 42.48% following transfer of following transfer of frozen embryos, respectively. In conclusion, these results suggest that Chickso may be effectively used for transferable embryos production in Hanwoo. Although the transferable embryos number was not enough, it seems the Chickso greatly affect pregnancy rate. The results indicated that the possibility of transferable embryos from Chickso for embryo transfer could be confirmed in this study. Based on the present findings, it was suggested that it is very important to evaluate in vivo embryo production and pregnancy rate of embryo transfer following superovulation for effective Hanwoo and Chickso production.

Various small molecules can be used to control major signaling pathways to enhance stemness and inhibit differentiation in murine embryonic stem cell (mESC) culture. Small molecules inhibiting the fibroblast growth factor (FGF)/ERK pathway can preserve pluripotent cells from stimulation of differentiation. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of pluripotin (SC-1), an inhibitor of the FGF/ERK pathway, on the colony formation of outgrowing presumptive mESCs. After plating the zona pellucida-free blastocyst on the feeder layer, attached cell clumps was cultured with SC-1 until the endpoint of the experiment at passage 10. In this experiment, when the number of colonies was counted at passage 3, SC-1-treated group showed 3.4 fold more mESC colonies when compared with control group. However, after passage 4, there was no stimulating effect of SC-1 on the colony formation. In conclusion, SC-1 treatment can be used to promote mESC generation by increasing the number of early mESC colonies.

In Korea more than 38,000 types of hazardous material(HAZMAT) are distributed, accordingly the accidents during transportation are also increasing. The agencies related to HAZMAT such as Environment Ministry, National Emergency Management Agency and National Police Agency have their own regulations. However, the classification criteria of HAZMAT are different to each other, which causes many problems in response to transportation accidents. In this study the classification standard of HAZMAT and the classification code using CAS number are suggested to manage HAZMAT efficiently. Through efficient management and standard classification of HAZMAT, the rapid and systematic response to transportation accidents related to HAZMAT is expected to be possible.

본 논문은 Markless AR(AugmentedReality)에서 가장 많이 활용되는 SURF(Speeded Up Robust Features) 기법의 효율성을 높인 새로운 특징 추출 알고리즘을 제시한다. 기존의 SURF 알고리즘은 불변 특징점을 보장하기 위해 Scale Pyramid를 이용하며 고정된 크기의 블록단위 NMS(Non-Maximum Suppression)를 사용하기 때문에 많은 계산이 요구된다. 제안된 알고리즘은 관심점에서만 특징점을 구하는 적응적 NMS 기법을 제시하여, Scale Pyramid를 사용하지 않고 불변 특징점을 보장하면서 동시에관심 영역에서 적응적 NMS를 수행함으로써 연산을 줄이는 효율적인 특징 추출 알고리즘을 개발하였다.

본 연구에서는 LSW를 이용한 피틴의 생산과정에서 기존의 알칼리 중화법의 단점을 극복하고자 효모발효에 의한 자연 침전법으로 피틴을 회수하는 공정을 개발하였다. LSW에 함유되는 약 3%(w/v)의 젖산은 약 33시간의 효모 발효에 의하여 소모되고 pH가 7.5 정도로 상승함에 따라 LSW에 함유된 피틴산이 기존의 중화법에 사용되는 Ca(OH)2의 투입 없이 피틴으로 침전되어 분리되었다. LSW의 효모발효에 의하여 생성된 피틴의 농도는 약 1.0%(w/v)였으며, 단백질함량은 12.3%(w/w)로서 중화법으로 생산된 피틴보다 현저히 낮은 수준이었다. 또한 효모 발효에 의하여 생성된 피틴은 중화법으로 생성된 피틴보다 약 1.6배 빠른 침전속도를 나타내었다.

This study is concerned about the optimal design of the base in a vibrating screen. Vibrating screen is widely used for grading and screening materials in the fields such as coal-selecting, mining-selecting, building materials, electrical power and chemical industry, etc. It is composed of base, frame, vibrator, screen, spring, trough, clamp and etc. Especially, base in vibrating screen are stressed by high, mostly shock-type loads. Nevertheless, design of base is dependent on experience, and it will cause reliability reduction and cost increase. The base is composed by the lower plate, the middle plate and the upper plate. This research purpose is to propose and verify a method to achieve higher product quality, lower costs, and far less physical testing. In this study, design parameters used for optimization are the lower plate thickness(7mm, 9mm, 11mm), the middle plate thickness(4mm, 4.5mm, 5mm) and the upper plate thickness(7mm, 9mm, 11mm) in the base. The result showed that base weight reduced to maximum 19.1% when compared with the current vibrating screen.

에너지 생성에 따른 탄소배출문제로 국제 에너지 기구는 세계 주요국의 에너지 효율을 15~30[%]이상 향상시키도록 권고하고 있으며, 국내 에너지 정책 동향도 에너지 절감 및 탄소 배출에 대해 정부에서 인센티브 및 페널티 프로그램을 제고하는 방향으로 가고 있다. 각국의 산업 현장에서 유체 이송용 펌프가 전기에너지의 20[%]를 소비하고 있는 실정으로, 주요 에너지 낭비 요인으로는 장시간 운전에 따른 효율 저하, 부적절한 설계 및 설비 등이 있다. 이러한 낭비를 줄이기 위해 펌프의 효율을 측정하여 펌프의 운전 상태를 진단하고자, 본 논문에서는 열역학적 방법으로 온도와 압력센서만을 활용하여 펌프의 최고 효율점을 측정할 수 있는 방법을 제시하고 실제 펌프의 효율을 계산하여 펌프제조사에서 제공한 성능곡선과 비교한 결과 유사한 성능곡선을 얻어 그 유효성을 확인하였다.

본 연구는 탄소 : 질소(탄질)비가 다른 유기자재를 시용하였을 때 시기별 양분의 동태와 유기재배 수수*수단그라스의 비료이용율에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 처리구는 질소함량 210kg/ha 수준으로 축분퇴비, 알팔파, 유박, 화학비료를 포함하였다. 유박과 알팔파는 가장 낮은 탄질비를 나타내었고 축분퇴비는 33.7 : 1의 가장 높은 탄질비를 보였다. 축분퇴비는 시용량이 가장 많았고 이에 따라 토양내 양분농도를 증가시켰다. 탄질비가 낮은 유박과 알팔파는 축분퇴비에 비해서 질소의 무기화율을 촉진시켰다. 질소이용효율은 화학비료구에 비해서 알팔파와 유박이 약 60% 전후를 나타내었고, 축분퇴비는 20% 이하의 효율이 관찰되었다. 인산의 이용효율은 알팔파가 가장 높았고 축분퇴비가 가장 낮았다. 이에 따라 탄질비를 고려한 유기자재를 선택해서 밭토양에 시비를 해야 할 것으로 판단되었다.

용해성이 우수하며, 강한 electron-withdrawing 특성을 나타내는 cyano group 을 가지는, 새로운 전자acceptor 재료인 malononitrile 유도체 (2-(2,6-bis((E)-4-tert-butylstyryl)-4H-pyran-4-ylid-ene)malononitrile (t-BuPM)을 합성하였다. 합성된 acceptor 재료 t-BuPM을 donor와 acceptor 재료로 널리 사용되고 있는 poly[2-Methoxy-5-(2-EthylHexyloxy)-P-Phenylene-Vinylene](MEH-PPV)와 (6)-1-(3-(methoxycarbonyl)propyl)-{5}-1-1-phenyl-[5,6]-fullerene (PCBM)과 함께ternary blend system으로 유기 태양전지 소자를 제작하였다. 소자는 ITO/PEDOT:PSS/MEH-PPV:t-BuPM:PCBM/Al 구조와 같이 제작하여 광전변환 특성을 측정하였다. 합성된 재료의 HOMO와LUMO energy level은 -5.97,-3.49eV로 측정되었으며, t-BuPM을 사용하여 ternary blend system 으로 제작된소자의 에너지변환 효율은 AM 1.5G, 1 sun 조건(100mA/cm2)에서 1.85%로 측정되었다. Short circuit current density (Jsc)는 5.54mA/cm2, fillfactor(FF)는 41%, open circuit voltage(Voc)는 0.80 V로 측정되었다.