The belt in the tire components is the special cord between tread and carcass. The belt, which is compose of some steel cord and thin rubber layer, prevent to propagate the crack or external damage from tread and the separation of rubber layer and carcass. The change of belt part such as the density of steel cord, the cutting angle of cord influences on tire performance. In this study, the density of steel cord and the cutting angle of cord are changed and investigated the static/dynamic characteristics(vertical / lateral stiffness, contact length / width / area, harshness) and noise.

The objective of this paper is to compare the site-to-site variability of ISO 10844 pass by the noise test sites. In order to investigate the site-to-site variance of test surfaces, European commercial tires are tested at seven different test sites. Three Korea test sites and four Europe test sites are selected. The pass by noise test is done according to a 2001/43/EC regulation. Although the ISO surface has a very specific track composition, it does not reduce the variation of pass by noise measurements over the surface of test sites. This paper shows that the test results of pass by noise level are different depending on the test sites. The correlation obtained in this work is able to predict the pass by noise level for certain test site using the data measured from another test site. The prediction value is range with an error within 1 dB(A).

Among many potential problems associated with passenger cars, the problem regarded as most sensitive and important to the customers is the passenger car’s quietness. In particular, because the trend toward the high-performance passenger cars is increasing, the quietness should be considered reflecting the increasing demand of the customers for the comfort of passenger car ride. Road noises are of low-frequency in the region of 20Hz to 350Hz, generated when the tires are making contacts with the rough road surface while the passenger car is running, in which the noises are resonating within the passenger compartment or with the passenger car suspension. In this research, among the factors related to the road noises, the influencing factors associated with the suspension and the tire design were investigated. In particular, among the tire design factors, the structure and the rubber material were investigated as the influencing factors, and for the investigative purpose, experimental tires were manufactured and road noise evaluations were conducted thorough actual feeling tests. Then the test results and correlations were analyzed using the 6-Sigma statistical method.

This study estimates environmental noises and noise impacts on surroundings by relocation of military training center from city central to suburb. Devising noise prevention plans are found to diminish harmful influence and to design noise reduction system. The prediction is drawn in each separation distance. The measurement is conducted during shoot exercise by a light machine gun(M60), an assault rifle(K-2), a Panzerfaust 3 and a recoilless rifle. The measured noise is 103dB(A) at shooting range in military training center, that is very high noise level. The characteristic of shooting noise is momentary and impulsive, also high leveled through all frequency band. And the forecast of noise assessment at the intended area exceeds noise criteria. Consequently, civil complaint is highly expected. Therefore, noise control system is needed for firing range. General methodology, such as soundproof box and barrier can reduce noise level at residential area near shooting range, which is anticipated by simulation.

There is a considerable amount of research on ship worker’s hearing loss caused by vibration and noise that comes from the ship’s construction. A further investigation that characterizes the sound that comes from building or repairing a ship is nonexistent or insufficient, however. To do this, a noise management plan is needed. It should include a generated sound process from the main sources of disturbance in the ship- building areas. And a soundproof measurement will identify the amount of noise reduction needed for a hearing- safe working environment. Finally, researchers in this study measured tests on the noise and the vibration process, and the noise caused by operations allowed for an investigation on the suitability of certain environmental conditions. Noise-related programs can be used to predict the noise distribution of the noise level characteristic. This can help identify and reduce the presence of sound interference through sound proofing measures.

The shape of tire footprint is one of the important factor which affects to the performance of tire such as handling, ride and wear. In this study, the effect of the stiffness for tire footprint is investigated. Some tires on the market were selected and tested the vertical stiffness, lateral stiffness by stiffness measuring system. And the contact length, contact width and contact area are tested, too. The contact width and length is reduced by the increase of the tire stiffness. According to the change of the tire stiffness, the leading edge and trailing edge in the footprint have a different shape.

The sound characteristics is changed by the cabin of the car which mount the speaker. Therefore the speaker must be design to consider the cabin of the car. In this study, the mechanical components of the nonlinear speaker model are investigated by measurement. The frequency characteristics of the sound and the sound pressure level for the same size speakers which are adapted to domestic car model(semi-mid size & mid size car) are investigated, too. From the measurement, we can investigate the differences of the sound characteristics and the thiele-small parameter such as force factor, mechanical mass of driver diaphragm, mechanical resistance of driver suspension losses and mechanical stiffness of driver suspension. This means that the speaker design parameters are changed by the car model

The object of this project is to prepare the countermeasure of the health care according to investigate and database the basic information of the large machine and high power machine. To accomplish the object; The dimension and noise of the large machine, which is mounted in the factory, was investigated. The prediction and measurement method of the noise for the machine by manufacturers were investigated. The noise at the 500 points of the large machine and high power machine in the 40 processes of the 6 factories, 6 business fields was measured. The database of the noise was built from the measurement data. The major sound sources and frequency range for the large machine and the high power machine were investigated. The noise effect by the large machine and the high power machine was investigated.

It is important to increase the sound proof performance of building for reduction the influence of aircraft noise on the basic of actual survey of existed buildings. The purpose of this study is to propose the sound proof method about indoor noise of a movie theater due to aircraft. In this study, field measurement of aircraft noise level difference were carried out for 5 type aircraft. As the result, aircraft noise levels showed to be 83.6∼98.3dB(A) and indoor noise level were NC-50∼NC-65 over acceptable NC-30 in a movie theater. Noise reduction effect showed to be NC-15∼NC-30 in a movie theater.

Railway noise is one of the main causes of environment impact. Whenever a new railway line is planned or a housing project near an existing railway is proposed, an estimate of the relevant noise levels is usually required. For this, it is necessary to quantify those parameters that affect the railway noise. Therefore we investigated the noise level which subway trains generated passing through the block of test railway track between Hopo and Keumgok station in Busan. This paper shows the status and characteristics of the subway train noise and a subjective evaluation.

The human activity of most what kind of form belongs in the vibration. For example, we listen in order for the eardrum membrane to vibrate and for the light to fluctuate in order and we make see. The breath is relating in the vibration of the lung and walking becomes accomplished in compliance with the periodic oscillatory motion of the arm and the leg. With technical advancement joins in, the vibration of the passenger cars is influencing many in sound arresting and riding in a car feeling of the vehicle. Gradually the field where the vibration isolation and decrement technique automobile plan is important according to being turning out, the necessity of the measurement which the passenger cars vibration is accurate and analysis was augmented.

The automotive speaker is modeld to nonlinear speaker model using the large signal performance measurement. In order to study the characteristics for the mass of cone paper and damper, the mass of the cone paper and damper is changed and the nonlinear parameters of the speaker are studied using the experimental approach. From measurement data, the effect on force factor, compliance(stiffness), resonance frequency, Q-factor is investigated by changing the conpaper and damper.

지온상승억제 효과는 차광망(50%) +냉각수순환 평균 18.8oC(최고 23oC)가 가장 좋았으며, 차광망(50%) +지 하수순환 23.2oC(28.5oC), 차광도포제(30%)와 차광망 (50%)이 각각 24oC(최고 30oC) 순으로 나타났다. 고온기 근권냉각수 순환 효과가 가장 큰 모데나 품종은 절화장이 95.9 cm, 생체중이 67.0 g으로 가장 좋게 나타났다. 처리별 수량증가는 차광망(50%)처리에 비해 차광망(50%) +냉 각수순환이 121%로 가장 많았고, 차광망(50%) +지하수 순환, 차광도포제(30%)는 각각 59%와 65% 증가하였다. 하우스내부 야간온도를 8oC로 관리하였을 때 근권온수 순환이 평균 18oC 유지하여 무처리에 비해 약 8oC 정도 지온상승효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 동절기 지하부 온수순환처리에 의한 알스트로메리아 생육은 아스펜, 모데나, 샤넬 품종에서 절화장, 생체중 등 생육이 가장 좋았으며, 보르도 품종은 절화장이 다소 작게 나타났다. 근권온수 순환처리가 생육을 증가시킨 결과로 아스펜 등 4품종 모두에서 꽃목길이, 꽃목경경, 꽃수 및 꽃무게 등절화품질 또한 증가하였다. 생산량 또한 크게 증가하여 모데나 품종에서 38% 이상으로 가장 높았고, 아스펜, 보르도, 샤넬 순이었다.

Tire manufactures have dealt with noise problem by varying the pitch of the tread. The various formulas for the variations are generally determined differently, however. Often these variations are based on a combination of trial and error, intuition, and economics. Some manufactures have models and analogs to test tread patterns and their variations. These efforts, however practical, do not determine the best variation beforehand or guarantee the best results. For this reason it was felt that a general mathematical approach for determining the best variation was needed. Moreover, the method should be completely general, easy to use, and sufficiently accurate. This paper discusses a mathematical method called Mechanical Frequency Modulation(MFM) which meets the above requirements. Thus, MFM pertains to computing an irregular time sequence of events so that the resulting excitation spectrum is shaped to a preferred form. The first part of this paper treats the theoretical basis for computing an optimum variation ; the second part discusses experimental results and simulation program which corroborate the theory.

본 연구는 유기재배 배 과수원 시비에 있어서 화학 비료 대체를 위한 녹비작물 재배 이용기술 개발을 확립하고자 호밀과 헤어리베치의 파종시기에 따라 녹비작물의 생육과 양분 공급량에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위해서 수행되었다. 녹비작물의 파종시기는 2008년 9월 27일, 10월 15일, 11월 8일, 12월 10일로 나누어서 전남 보성의 배 과수원 독농가에 처리하였다. 관행 방임 초생 재배구는 대조구로 선정하였다. 호밀의 생육은 파종시기에 따라 별다른 차이 없이 비슷한 경향이었으나 헤어리베치는 파종 시기가 늦을수록 초장이 짧아지고 엽수와 줄기수가 감소하였고 건물중에도 그러한 비슷한 경향이 관찰되었다. 9월 하순 녹비처리는 관행 방임 초생 재배구에서 생산한 362kg/10a의 건물 중 보다 2.6배 높았다. 파종시기별 전질소 농도는 파종 서기가 늦을수록 증가하는 경향이었으며, 전질소 환원량은 피종 시기가 빠른 9월 하순처리가 16.9k/l0a으로 관행대비 2.6배 높았다. 인산 환원량은 10월 중순 파종이 가장 높았으며, 칼륨 환원량은 파종 시기가 빠를수록 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다.