Acrylic resin(ACR) was blended with a curing agent, hexamethoxymethylmela-mine(HMMM), in which blending ratio was 70:30. The curing behavior was examined using Rheovibron. Cross-linking reaction started at 170℃ in 2 min of reaction and curing was completed in 10 min. It was found that the extent of cross-linking increased with the content of acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate monomer in the ACR.

Curing reaction was carried out with the acrylic resin (ACR) [n-butyl acrylate/atyrene/2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate/acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate (AAEM)] synthesized before and a curing agent, hexamethoxymethylmelamine (HMMM). With rotational rheometer, the effect of catalysts on curing rate of acrylic resin/melamine was examined. Among the four catalysts used, p-toluene sulfonic acid showed the highest reactivity, and the optimum amount of catalyst was 0.5 phr. It was observed that in the ACR/HMMM curing reaction, gelation point was lowered with the increasing the amount of AAEM and HMMM in the ACR.

An acrylic resin was synthesized with several monomers, styrene(St), 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate(2-HEMA), n-butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, and acetoacetoxyethl methacrylate(AAEM) to prepare a high-solid coatings. Then, a high-solid acryl/melamine coatings was prepared by curing the acrylic resin with a curing agent, hexamethoxymethylmelamine(HMMM). The curing behavior of the acrylic resin with HMMM was investigated by the Ozawa method using DSC. For AAEM/HMMM and 2-HEMA/HMMM curing reactions, activation energies were 33.01 and 27.12 kcal/mol and frequency factors were 9.54×1015 and 1.53×1013 min-1, respectively. From the results, it was found out that 2-HEMA showed higher reactivity with the curing agent than AAEM.

Acrylic quarternary polymers were synthesized to prepare high-solid coatings. Acrylic resins were synthesized by the radical polymerization of n-butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate. From the results of experiment on reaction condition to get high-solid acrylic resins with 70% solid content and viscosity of 1200cps, it was found that di-tert-amyl peroxide among the four types of initiators have lower viscosity and higher degree of conversion. The optinum initiator amount, chain transfer agent, reaction temperature and the dropping time were 5wt%, 4wt%, 150℃ and 5hrs, respectively.

Two-component polyurethane flame-retardant coatings were prepared by blending trichloro aromatic modified polyesters(TCMPs) and polyisocyanate. TCMPs were synthesized by polycondensation of trichlorobenzoic acid(TCBA), a flame-retardant component, with adipic acid, 1,4-butanediol, and trimethylolpropane. The content of TCBA was varied in 10, 20, and 30 wt% for the reaction. These new flame-retardant coatings showed various properties comparable to other non-flame-retardant coatings. Moreover, we carried out the combustion test and the flammability test for our flame-retardant coatings. The results of vertical burning test for the coatings containing more than 20 wt% of TCBA were determined as 'no burn'. The results of flammability test for the coatings with 20 wt% and 30 wt% of TCBA contents indicated the limiting oxygen index(LOI) values of 25% and 28% respectively, which implied relatively good flame retardancy.

To prepare an environmental friendly high-solid coatings an acrylic resin containing 80% of solid content was synthesized by addition polymerization of caprolactone acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate. The conversion was 78~93% and the prepared resin's physical properties are as follows: viscosity, 212~3424cps: Mn 1740~2400. There was a trend that viscosity and molecular weight of the resin increased with Tg, but no direct proportionality was observed.

Pyrophosphoric lactone modified polyester(PATT) that contains two phosphorous functional groups in one unit base resin structure was synthesized to prepare a non-toxic reactive flame retardant coatings. Then the PATT was cured at room temperature with isocyanate, Desmodur IL, to get a two-component polyurethane flame retardant coatings(PIPUC). Comparing the physical properties of the films of PIPUC with the film of non-flame retardant coatings, there was no degradation observed in physical properties by the introduction of a flame-retarding component into the resin. We found that the char lengths measured by 45˚Meckel burner method were 3.1~4.4cm and LOI values recorded 27~30%. These results indicate that the coatings prepared in this study is good flame retardant one. The surface structure of coatings investigated with SEM does not show any defects and phase separation.

Quater polymer(MBHA) containing two types of acrylic functional group, acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate(AAM) and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate was prepared. Then, the MBHA was blended with polyisocyanate type Desmodur IL as a curing agent. Thereafter the mixture was cured at room temperature to get high solid acrylic/polyisocyanate. The MBHA was synthesized at 150℃ for 6 hours typically, and the final conversion reached 87-88%. Lowering Tg and increasing AAM amount in the MBHA resulted in high value of conversion. There was no difference in conversion with the variations of OH values. From the results of physical property tests, MIHS coating was proved to be a good automotive top-coating material.

The objectives of this study is to investigate the optimum reaction conditions and to identify the product formula in the synthesis of a silicone/acrylic resin that curing in moisture at room temperature. By the addition polymerization of monomers, n-butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, and 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane. a quarter polymer was obtained. Among various initiators investigated in this study, 2.2'-azobisisobutyronitrille was found to be the most suitable initiator. The optimum reaction conditions found in this study are 70 wt% of initial solvent amount, 120 minutes of dropping time, 3 times of initiator addition, 82~105℃ of reaction temperature, and 8 hrs of reaction time. Also, number average molecular weight of 11700~33100 and molecular weight distribution of 1.81~3.44 were obtained.

Two-component polyurethane flame retardant coatings were prepared by blending phosphate-containing modified polyesters(PMPEs) and TDI-adduct. PMPEs were synthesized by polycondensation of dimethyl phenylphosphonate, a flame retardant component, with 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid, and trimethylolpropane. The content of dimethyl phenylphosphonate was varied 10, 15, and 20wt% for the reaction. Various physical properties of these new flame retardant coatings were comparable to non-flame retardant coatings. Coatings with 20wt% dimethyl phenylphosphonate did not burn during the vertical burning test.

Two-packaged polyurethane coatings were prepared by blending benzoic acid lactone modified polyester polyol(BLMPs) and HDI-biuret. BLMPs were synthesized by polycondensation of benzoic acid, viscosity depression component, with 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid, and polycaprolactone polyol. Kinematic viscosity of BLMP was gradually decreased with increasing benzoic acid content in BLMP. The low viscosity of modified polyester has an advantage of making a high-solid content coatings. After the film was coated with the prepared polyurethane coatings and cured at room temperature, the various physical properties were measured. They showed good physical properties such as flexibility, impact resistance, cross hatch adhesion, yellowness index, and rust resistance. These advantages are the results of introducing polycaprolactone polyol.

To prepare a O/W type nonionic durable softner(ANSA), synthesized 1, 3-dihexadanoyl-2, 7-dioxy-6, 8-di(2-hexadecanoyloxyethyl)-1, 3, 6, 8-tetraazacyclodecane as the main component of softner, was blended with beef tallow, anhydrous lanolin, polyoxyethylene(20) oleyl ether, sorbitan sesquioleate, and polyoxyethylene(7) stearyl ether in various compositions. Emulsion stability of ANSA was good, and the mixed HLB value was 9.8. After the treatment of ANSA to all cotton fabrics, the physical properties such as tear strength, crease recovery, and flexing abrasion resistance were measured, respectively. As a result of the measurement, ANSA was proved to be durable softner with good softness.

Poly(p-anol-formaldehyde) cinnamates(AGEFCs) were synthesized to prepare a photo-sensitive polymer which enabled to be photodimerized via 6-center reaction. The photocharacteristics of the mixture of the AGEFCs and a sensitizer after exposure to light was tested. The yield of the residual film, which was closely related to the sensitivity of the film, was affected by the degree of polymerization of the backbone resin, sensitizers and their concentration. AGEFC-3 revealed a good photosensitive effect such as about 73% yield of residual film at 128 min. of exposed time.

Lubricating softner(SOS-2) for permanent press(PP) finish was prepared by blending water, beef tallow hardened oil for improving softness, and the emulsion which was synthesized from N-hexadecanoyl-N,N'-bis(2-hexadecamidoethyl)amine as a softening component and silicone oil KF-96 as a lubricating component. The prepared SOS-2 and the PP finishing resin were applied to PP finishing cotton broad cloth and P/C gingham samples using one bath method. The properties such as tear strength, crease recovery, bending resistance test were tested. The samples treated with SOS-2 and PP finishing resin have improved properties, compared with nontreated samples, those treated only with PP finishing resin, those treated with commercial PP finishing softners and PP finishing resin.

Low foaming acidic degreasing agent(LFADAs) were prepared by blending sorbitol, n-octanoic acid, MJU-100A, Tetronix T-701, Na-dioctyl sulfosuccinate, Demol C, and phosphoric acid. The physical properties of LFADAs tested with aluminum specimen showed the following results ; when 3wt% LFADA-6 was performed at 70℃, the degreasing rate was 95% which is comparitively good, and the percentage of etching was 0.275% which was found to be less than that of commercialized product. When 20wt% of LFADA-6 was added at 65℃, the percentage of derusting was 92% and the good defoaming effect proved by following low foaming power tests respectively : Ross and Miles, and Ross and Clark methods.

Spin finish(NSFs) for synthetic fiber were prepared. NSF-3 was proved to be the best spin finish by testing the properties and emulsion stability, etc. of NSFs. NSF-3 prepared by blending of spindle oil 70g, paraffin wax 10g, glyceryl mono-oleate 5g, POE(10) nonylphenyl ether 4g, POE(20) sorbitan tri-oleate 4g, Na-dioctyl sulfosuccinate 4g, antistatic agent 2g and water 1g was excellent in its characteristics. Optimum physical conditions of nylon filament treated with NSF-3 according to the number of revolution of oil roller were obtained at conditions of 5.5rpm in the number of revolution of oil roller, 1.21% of oil pick up, and denier 69.2D.

Durable softening water repellents such as PODCW, PDDCW, and PEDCW were prepared by blending cationized polymers, fatty carbamide, waxes, and emulsifiers. The cationized polymers included poly (octadecyl methacrylate-co-2-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate) [PODC], poly (n-dodecyl methacrylate-co-2-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate) [PDDC]and poly (2-ethylhexyl methacrylate-co-2-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate) [PEDC]. After the PET fabrics were treated with these water repellents, water repellency, softness, and durability of the PET fabrics were examined by various methods : water repellency by the hydrostatic pressure and the contact angle methods, softness by crease recovery and tearing strength, and durability by washability, respectively. Rating of water repellency of PET fabrics treated with PODCW was 80+, but those treated with PDDCW and PEDCW were not high enough to be used in industry.

The procedure to prepare an acrylic emulsion water repellents by blending of arcylic copolymer, activated polyethylene, wax, and emulsifiers was published in the previous paper. After the treatment of the prepared water repellents on a cotton fabrics with and without textile finishing resin, washability, contact angle, tearing strength, and crease recovery were tested. As the result, there were remarkable improvements in physical properties. Proper curing temperature of the synthesized water repellents impellents was 150℃ : proper using concentration was 5wt% : sodium acetate was the best catalyst for water repellents among the used, and proper concentration was 1.0wt%.

Durable softening water-repellenting agent such as PODCW, PDDCW and PEDCW were prepared by blending cationized compound such as poly(octadecyl methacrylate-co-2-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate)[PODC], poly(2-dodecyl methacrylate-co-2-diethyl-aminoethyl methacrylate)[PDDC] and poly(2-ethylhexyl methacrylate-co-2-diethyl-aminoethyl methacrylate)[PEDC], and cationized compound of fatty carbamide, of which synthetic methods were reported in the previous paper, waxes, and emulsifiers. The results of physical tests of the P/C blended fabrics treated with PODCW, PDDCW and PEDCW with and without textile finishing resin, showed a remarkable improvement of the physical properties. The prepared water-repellenting agents, PODCW-6 and PDDCW-1, were treated on P/C blended fabrics with and without resin. For any cases, there are a little changes between initial water repellency and repellency after 3 times washing of the fabrics. Therefore, the water-repellenting agents proved to be a durable agents, and initial water 100+ and 90+ point, respectively.

Cinnamoyl ester(PGEFC) of poly(phloroglucinol-formaldehyde) glycidyl ether which has photosensitive functional group was prepared to apply to photoresist. Photosensitivity of PGEFC was estimated by the solubility difference in organic solvent before and after exposure to light. The yield of residual film was calculated by immersing the sample-coated quartz plates in the solvent which was used in coating. The yield of the residual film which was closely related to the sensitivity of the film, was affected by the degree of polymerization of the backbone resin, sensitizers and their concentration. The sensitivity was depended upon the degree of polymerization. Most of effective sensitizer for PGEFC among the sensitizers was 2, 6-dichloro-4-nitroaniline.