This study examines how brand-influencer, influencer-users, and user-brand congruences affect perceived fantasy about the influencer and closeness toward the brand when an Instagram ad is endorsed by celebrity (vs. non-celebrity) influencers. The study employed a between-subject online experiment by manipulating an advertisement endorsed by a celebrity and a non-celebrity influencer. The results suggest that congruence between brand-influencer matters in building effective relationships.

목적 : Photobiomodulation 요법은 저출력 레이저 치료기술로, 당뇨망막증, 연령관련황반변성, 망막색소변성증을 포함한 퇴행성 망막질환에 대한 비침습적 치료법으로 제안되고 있다. 최근 광원으로 LED가 널리 사용되고 있으나, 망막에서 LED 기반의 Photobiomodulation에 대한 연구는 매우 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구의 목적은 670 nm LED 광원을 사용한 Photobiomodulation의 망막신경퇴화 억제효과를 조사하기 위해 시행되었다. 방법 : 670 nm LED패널, 반도체 냉각장치, 빛세기 제어기로 구성된 LED 기반의 빛 조사장치를 제작하였다. 망막신경퇴화 유도를 위해 NaIO3를 마우스에 복강주사하였다. 마우스 동공을 확대시킨 후 60 mW/cm2 출력에서 2분 동안 조사하였다. 망막의 광수용세포 손상은 바깥핵층의 두께, 광수용세포 사멸, 광수용단백질인 Rhodopsion, Opsin의 발현, 염증성 사이토카인 유전자의 발현, 뮐러세포의 반응성 신경교증 활성을 통해 분석되었다. 결과 : NaIO3에 의해 손상된 망막에 670 nm LED 빛의 조사는 망막 바깥핵층의 두께 증가, 광수용세포의 사멸 억제, 뮐러세포의 반응성 신경교증 억제, 광수용단백질의 발현 증가를 야기하였다. 결론 : 본 연구는 670 nm LED를 이용한 PBM은 망막 광수용세포의 퇴화를 손상자극 없이 효과적으로 억제할 수 있다는 것을 제시하며, 퇴행성 망막질환 치료에 새로운 전략을 제공한다.

한국산 개미과 뿔개미속의 2미기록종인 M. ademonia과 M. luteola가 분포함을 보고한다. 미기록종의 일개미에 대한 형태학적 특성과 사진을 제공한다.

한국산 개미과 배굽은침개미아과의 미기록종인 Discothyrea sauteri Forel을 보고한다. 종에 대한 형질과 사진, 한국산 배굽은침개미아과 속 검색표를 제공한다.

벌목 개미과 시베리아개미아과(Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Dolichoderinae)의 Linepithema humile (Mayr, 1868) (신칭 민개미)가 국내에서 처음 발견되었다. 진단학적 형질, 분포 범위, 해충으로서의 잠재적 가능성에 대하여 논의되었다.

한국산 개미과 비늘개미속의 2미기록종인 Strumigenys alecto과 Strumigenys solifontis가 분포함을 보고한다. 2 종의 일개미에 대한 형질과 사진을 제공한다.

Advanced web technologies enable consumers can create and exchange the content in various social media platforms (SMPs). As an interactive communication channel, SMPs serve as a new and updated form of online community where consumers and companies benefit from each other. Due to its minimal threshold in cost and skills necessary for accessing these SMPs, consumers use SMPs to acquire information in addition to seeking for socialization, which affect a purchase decision making process (Wang, Yu, and Wei, 2012). With various benefits of using SMPs among consumers, product reviews and photos posted by the customers in SMPs perform as an emerging type of endorsement to other users of SMPs. Individuals who actively share and disseminate the such product/service related-contents often become micro-celebrities among SMPs users. According to DiSilvestro (2016), customers no longer trust advertising created by brands, but they prefer to reply on reviews via SMPs, and in fact, 67% of consumers visit SMPs to reviews generated by other customers. In this regard, increasing number of brands tries to find influential micro-celebrities to build positive brand image and provide meaningful customer engagement which potentially increase sales in the end (Khamis, Ang, and Welling, 2016). Despite the increasing popularity of SMPs and influencers to brands, marketers struggle to measure their returns on investment, such as customer retention and increased customer lifetime value (Hennig-Thurau et al., 2010). Thus, a focal interest of this study is the role of a sense of community in building participants’ positive relational outcomes for a given brand that implementing the promotional activities via SMPs (Hudson et al., 2016).

요즘 남미붉은독개미로 유명세를 톡톡히 치르고 있는 개미는 전 세계적으로 17아과 334속 대략 20,000 여종이상이 분포하고 있다. 극동아시아에 속하는 한국산 개미 분류군은 7아과, 42속 140여종이 현재까지 밝혀져 있다. 지구상에서 가장 잘 진화해온 분류군이라 칭하여 온 개미에 대한 관심이 날로 늘어나는 이유가 많은 분류군들 중에 유난히도 주위에서 흔하게 보이던 개미이기 때문이라 생각한다. 세계 100대 침입외래 해충 중에서 한 분류군중 5종이 속한 분류군도 개미일 것이다. 밀려오는 개미를 막을 수는 없다고 하지만 정착하지 못하게 관리해야할 시점이기에 개미분류군에 대한 기초 연구와 조사가 지금이라도 자료가 만들어져야 한다고 생각합니다.

This study aims to assess the effectiveness of backstage storytelling in luxury brands’ social media communication and examine a psychological mechanism that elucidates how luxury brands’ backstage storytelling influences consumers’ attitudinal and relational outcomes. The theory of narrative transportation (Escalas, 2004) was employed as a theoretical lens. Focusing on the effects of visual storytelling in a social media platform, this study proposed that photos of a luxury brand’s backstage images offer a greater level of narrativity than staged images of products and models. Additionally, this study proposed VIP emotions and perceived intimacy as mediators between transportation to photo narrative and attitudes toward the brand, brand evaluation and self-brand connection. In addition, the effectiveness of social media for luxury brands’ visual storytelling was tested by testing the role of telepresence in viewers’ information processing. This study selects Instagram, a visual-oriented social media platform, as the study context; Chanel, a luxury fashion brand, was selected to develop the study stimuli. Two Instagram accounts for Chanel were created as study stimuli through a pre-test: one account with frontstage brand photos and one account with backstage brand photos. Students from two universities in the Southeast and Midwest were recruited and randomly assigned to one of the two experimental conditions, frontstage (n=118) or backstage (n=134) Chanel Instagram account. Manipulation checks confirmed that respondents perceived the experimental conditions as intended. Our results revealed that viewers in the backstage condition experienced higher levels of transportation than those in the frontstage condition; VIP emotions and perceived intimacy mediate the relationship between transportation and attitudes towards a brand’s Instagram, brand evaluations, and self-brand connection. Additionally, ANCOVA results confirmed the interaction effects of telepresence on transportation is significant only in the backstage condition. Findings from this study shed light on the effectiveness of luxury fashion brands’ visual storytelling in social media communication.

The symptoms of pine wilt disease caused by the pine wood nematode (PWN, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus), whichis recognized as a major forest pest. The PWN is transmitted by Monochamus saltuarius adults to healthy Korean whitepine (Pinus koraiensis). Because flight capacity of vector insects is important to protect pine forests, we tested flightdistance of M. saltuarius adults using flight mills in relation to biological characters (sex, age, and body weight). In addition,flight distance of M. saltuarius adults was compared between mated and unmated beetles to test effect of sexually matureon flight capacity. Although unmated adult beetles were more rapidly die compared with mated adults, total cumulatedflight distance during entire lifespan was differed according to whether mating or not, i.e., unmated adult beetles moretraversed than mated adults. Proportion of intermittent flights in mated females was significantly lower than others.

Lymantria dispar (Linne), gypsy moth, is known as euryphagous insect and one of forest pests having wide range of host. Female of European Gypsy Moth (EGM) are flightless whereas those of the Asian Gypsy Moth (AGM) are strong fliers. So, we studied flight ability of female AGM by using flight mill device. The flight measurements of female AGM are recorded for an hour using 1- and 2-day-old mated and unmated individuals. As a results, mated females were observed more active the unmated. But, flight speed of unmated females are faster than mated. Flight frequency wasn't showed any significant difference between mated and unmated females.

A total of sixteen Xylotrechus species from the Korean peninsula are recognized, including a newly recorded species, Xylotrechus pavlovskii Plavilstshikov, 1954. We present brief descriptions of the Korean Xylotrechus species, except four species which could not be examined in this study. The geographic distribution, host plants, illustrations for each species, and a key to the Korean Xylotrechus species are provided.

Up to days, 5 species belonging to the genus Clytus, one of the large genera among the tribe Clytini have been recorded from Korean peninsula. The genus Clytus can be distinguished from the other genera by combination of following characteristics: width of head between each antennal socket longer than length of scape; carinae on frons absent; 1st segment of hind-tarsus 2 times shorter than combined length of 2nd+3rd segments; hind-femora weekly swelled in middle part; posterior part of metasternum without process in ventral view. Clytus sp. nov. is most similar to C. clavicornis Reiche, an endemic species to Sicily island in Southern Italy, having thickened 5th or 6th to apical antennal segment. However, this species can be distinguished from the latter species by specific morphological characteristics. As a result of this study, we report Clytus sp. nov. as new to science with brief description and illustrations diagnostic characteristics with key to the Korean Clytus species.

Up to days, 15 species of the genus Xylotrechus, which have most diverse species among the tribe Clytini, have been recorded from Korean peninsula. The genus Xylotrechus can be distinguished from the other genera by combination of following characteristics: length of antennal socket longer than 1st segment of antenna; antennae reaches about 2/3 of elytra or less; carinae on frons well developed; 1st segment of hind tarsus 2 times longer than total length of 2nd+3rd segment; carinae on frons exceeding vertex; compound eye joined prothorax. In 2007, we collected a specimen which is belong to the genus Xylotrechus from Goyang-si, Gyeonggi province and we identified this specimen with Xylotrechus pavlovskii Plavilstshikov. Xylotrechus pavlovskii Plavilstshikov is easily distinguished from the congeneric species by following characteristics: femora black except basal half pale brown; antennal socket with yellow pubescence patch; pronotum black with distinct six yellow pubescence patches; elytra black with four pairs of yellowish linear pubescence patches except anterior 1/5 part reddish, apice blunt with inner and outer small sharpen projection. As a result of this study, we report this species for the first time from Korea with description and illustrations of diagnostic characters.

In total, 7 species of two genera under the tribe Trachodini Gistel are recognized from Korea. Among them, four species, Trachodes ovipennis Morimoto et Miyakawa, Acicnemis azumai Morimoto et Miyakawa, A. palliata Pascoe, and A. shibatai Voss are reported for the first time from Korea. A key to the tribe Trachodini, brief descriptions and illustrations of the adults are provided.